Aluminum magnesium vanadium oxide

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

31 Jan - 15 Mar 2013

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Version / remarks:

adopted 17 Jul 1992

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Chinese National Environmental Protection Agency, The Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, 2004, 203 Fish Acute Toxicity Test

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

according to Chinese GLP (GB/T 22275.1-2008); comparable to OECD GLP C(97)186/FINAL

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: For the analysis of the actualel ementary concentration, 10 mL of test solution was taken from each test vessel at the beginning and at the end of the test.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test substance (100 mg/L) was added to the test medium. The solution was stirred in the dark for 72 hours at 700 rpm. Subsequently the solution was filtered (0.45 µm nitrocellulose membrane) and the filtrate used as test solution.

Test organisms (species):

other: Gobiocypris rarus

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Chinese rare minnow
- Source: Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ID: GR-IHB-121206)
- Length at study termination: 3.1 ± 0.2 cm (mean)
- Weight at study termination: 0.37 ± 0.04 g (mean)

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: > 14 d
- Acclimation conditions: 23 ± 2 °C, pH 6.0 - 8.5, > 80% of air saturation value (ASV)
- Holding Water: tap water (dechlorinated by activated carbon and sterilized by UV lamp)
- Photoperiod: Light : Dark = 12 : 12 hours
- Feeding frequency: daily until 24 hours before test was started
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): no diseases or mortalitiy observed

FEEDING DURING TEST: none

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

165 mg CaCO3/L

Test temperature:

21.7 - 23.2 °C

pH:

7.65 - 7.92

Dissolved oxygen:

68.7 - 90.2% of ASV

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentration: control, 100 mg/L (loading rate)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: tanks
- Material, size, fill volume: glass, 5 L (size), 4L (fill volume)
- Aeration: continuously over 24 h
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 0.9 g fish/L

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: dechlorinated, sterilised tap water


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 12:12 h day-night regime

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Mortality and signs of intoxication after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 1, 10 and 100 mg/L (loading rate)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: LL50 (96 h) > 100 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat. (dissolved fraction)

Remarks:

loading rate

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: none
- Mortality of control: none

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Biological results:

No mortalities or abnormal behaviour observed.

Analytical results:

It was found that the average recoveries of Al spiked 20.0 ng/mL and 160 ng/mL sample were 117% and 103% with RSDs of 7.32% and 2.35%, respectively. Both of the average recoveries of V spiked20.0 ng/mL and 160 ng/mL sample were 101% with RSDs of 1.24% and 1.13%, re spectively. The average recoveries of Mg spiked 1 5 mg/L and30 mg/L samples were 84.9% and 83.6% with RSDs of 1.04% and 0.77%, respectively.

Table 1: Mean measured concentrations of Aluminium, Vanadium and Magnesium

Nominal test substance concentration [mg/L]	Mean measured concentration [mg/L]
	AL	V	Mg
Control	0.0148	0.000207	8.91
100	1.70	0.530	15.9

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

10 Mar - 20 Aug 2012

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Version / remarks:

adopted 17 Jul 1992

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)

Version / remarks:

adopted 31 May 2008

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

Rheinland-Pfalz, Landesamt für Umwelt, Wasserwirtschaft und Gewerbeaufsicht, Mainz, Germany

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
As the water solubility of the test item lies below 100 mg/L, the test solution was prepared by weighing the respective nominal load of 100 mg/L, adding the corresponding amount of tap water and shaking vigorously for 24 ± 1 hours. The resulting solution was filtrated through 0.45 µm filters. Following this, the filtrate was used for the limit test without dilution.

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: HAMILTON-BUCHANAN
- Source: Dehner Garten Center, Neustadt, Germany
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): sexually immature young fish
- Length at study initiation: 2 ± 1 cm
- Feeding during test: none

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 14 days
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same as test
- Type and amount of food: warmwater fishfood and Daphnia, totalling to about 1-2% of body weight per day
- Feeding frequency: three times a day
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): mortality didn´t surpass 5%.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

1.08 mmol (Analysis of drinking water Sep 2011)

Test temperature:

21.2 - 22.3 °C

pH:

8.0 - 8.6

Dissolved oxygen:

7.8 - 8.2 mg O2/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 0 and 100 mg/L (loading rate)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass aquaria, maximal volume 10 L, fill volume 7 L
- Aeration: accomplished with glass tubes, frequency of bubbles 1/s
- No. of organisms per vessel: 7
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 1 fish/L

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: good quality drinking water (tap water)
- Total organic carbon: 0.5 mg/L
- Metals: Al: 0.007 mg/L; Cu 0.002 mg/L; others < 0.001 mg/L
- Pesticides: < LOD
- Chloride: 12.0 mg/L
- Conductivity: 223 µS/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: every 24 hours

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 12 hours dark, 12 hours light (neon tubes)

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): Mortality and abnormal behaviour, each 24 hours

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat. (dissolved fraction)

Remarks:

loading rate

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOELR

Effect conc.:

>= 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat. (dissolved fraction)

Remarks:

loading rate

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

- No mortality occurred during the study. No sublethal effects are reported.
- Mortality of control: none

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Analytical results:

The measured Al conncentrations are very low in comparison with the nominal concentrations. This is caused by the low solubility of the test item and the instable characteristics of Al in medium (it is known, that Al can build insoluble complexes in aquatic medium). The measured V concentrations are also very low in comparison with the nominal concentrations. This is caused by the low solubility of the test item.

At the start and the end of the test, the content of Aluminium and Vanadium in the test solutions was respectively measured using AAS. The recovery of Vanadium and Aluminium after 96 hours was 97% and 105% of the start concentration, respectively.

Table 1: Analytical Determinations Al:

Test concentration (nominal)	Measured Al Conc 0 h	Measured Al Conc 96 h	Recovery	geom. Mean.
mg/L	mg/L	mg/L	%	mg/L
0	< LOQ	< LOQ	-	-
100	0.300	0.315	105	0.307

Table 2: Analytical Determinations V:

Test concentration (nominal)	Measured V Conc 0 h	Measured V Conc 96 h	Recovery	geom. Mean.
mg/L	mg/L	mg/L	%	mg/L
0	< LOQ	< LOQ	-	-
100	0.304	0.296	97	0.300

 

Description of key information

 LL50(96 h)> 100 mg/L (nominal, loading rate) (OECD 203, Danio rerio). Measured concentration of Al and V were 0.31 mg/L and 0.30 mg/L, respectively. 

Additional information

A static test design according to OECD 203 was chosen in a GLP study to evaluate the acute toxicity of aluminium magnesium vanadium oxide to fish at a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L (2013a). The substance has a low water solubility and therefore a filtered test solution of a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L was tested, i.e. a loading rate. The fish were exposed to the filtrate for a period of 96 hours. At the start and at the end of the test, the content of vanadium and aluminium in the test solutions was determined using AAS. The recovery after 96 hours was 97 % and 105% of the start concentration for V and Al, respectively. No mortality was observed in control and test solution and therefore a LL50 (96 h) of greater than 100 mg/L (nominal) was stated for Danio rerio. The measured concentrations of Al and V in the test solution were 0.31 mg/L and 0.30 mg/L, respectively.

The results are supported by a second study following OECD guideline 203 (2013b) and conducted according to Chinese GLP. The acute toxicity of Aluminium magnesium vanadium oxide to Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) was tested in a limit test. The fish were exposed to a filtered test substance solution of 100 mg/L (loading rate) in a static test system. The concentrations of the test substance components aluminium, vanadium and mangnesium were measured at test start and at test termination after 96 hours. Mean measured concentrations of 1.70 mg/L (Al), 0.530 mg/L (V) and 15.9 mg/L (Mg) were reported. No mortality or signs of intoxication were observed during the exposure period. Thus, a LL50 (96 h) > 100 mg/L based on the loading rate was determined.