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EC number: 203-784-4 | CAS number: 110-62-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Test started on 17 Oct 1983.
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions (e.g. non-GLP, no detailed information given on measurement of test parameters like pH, dissolved oxygen)
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- pH and dissolved oxygen measured less frequently than required by guideline
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: all chambers at time 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h
- Sampling method: sampled at mid-depth of exposure chamber
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: samples analysed immediately or adequately preserved for later analysis - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: stock toxicant = 200 mg/L (blended)
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): flocculant material was adhering to the tanks - Test organisms (species):
- Pimephales promelas
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: fathead minnow
- Strain: brood stock provided by the US EPA Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth
- Source: laboratory culture
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 31 d
- Length at end of exposure (length definition, mean, range and SD): 19.8±1.7 mm
- Weight at end of exposure (mean and range, SD): 119±29.8 mg
- Feeding during test: none
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: none, fish were kept at conditions similar to test
- Type and amount of food: freshly hatched brine shrimp nauplii to excess
- Feeding frequency: 3 times/d; 2 times/d on weekends
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): only groups of fish having healthy appearance and no history of unusual thermal history or abnormally high mortality rate were used - Test type:
- flow-through
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 37.8±0.71 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 24.5±0.31 °C
- pH:
- 7.52±0.07
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 6.1± mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: 0 (control), 10, 15.4, 23.7, 36.4, and 56.0 mg/L
measured (corrected average): < 1.0, 5.76, 9.52, 11.9, 22.6, 35.5 mg/L
recovery: 98.0±3.3% - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass tanks, 1.0 L
- Aeration: no information
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): proportional diluter
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): 14.4 v/d
- No. of organisms per vessel: 20
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): not applicable
- Biomass loading rate: 2.38 g/L
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: natural water from Lake Superior (data from 1972) or (for few tests) dechlorinated water from City of Superior (WI)
- Total organic carbon: no data
- Particulate matter: < 1 mg/L / no data
- Metals (µg/L):
- Al: 1-26 / 0.60-1.9
- Cd: < 0.1 / < 0.1
- Cr: 2-20 / < 0.1
- Co: < 0.5 / < 0.5
- Cu: 0.3-3.2/ 2.0-6.0
- Fe: 2-83 / 160-194
- Pb: 7-20 / < 0.1
- Mn: 0.2-11.5 / 6.6-7.8
- Ni: < 0.5 / < 1.0-1.3
- Zn: 1.0-2.7 / 2.2-3.0
- Pesticides: no data
- Chloride: 1.2-1.3 mg/L / 3.6-4.1 mg/L
- Alkalinity: 44.1 mg/L as CaCO3
- Ca/Mg ratio: ca. 6.5:1
- Conductivity: 78-86 µmhos/cm / 91-138 µmhos/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium:
- Intervals of water quality measurement:
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h daily photoperiod
- Light intensity: no data
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- visible abnormalities and mortality: after 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h
- pH: at least once in control, low medium and high test concentration
- dissolved oxygen: after 0, 24, and 96 h in control, low medium and high test concentration
- temperature: daily
- analytical quantification of test concentrations: all chambers after 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: ca. 1.5
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: not applicable
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: no data
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: no data - Reference substance (positive control):
- not required
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 12.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95 % CL: 11.3 to 13.6 mg/L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 12.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- behaviour
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95 % CL: 11.3 to 13.6 mg/L
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: Affected fish lost schooling behavior, were underreactive to external stimuli, and lost equilibrium prior to death.
- Observations on body length and weight: determined only after exposure
- Other biological observations: none
- Mortality of control: 0 %
- Other adverse effects control: no
- Abnormal responses: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Estimation of the LC50 and EC50 was made using the trimmed Spearman-Kärber method (Hamilton et al., 1977).
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Mortalities
Test item conc.
Cumulative mortality (n) after exposure of
(nominal; mg/L)
0 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
0
0
0
0
0
0
10.0
0
0
0
0
0
15.4
0
0
0
0
0
23.7
0
0
11
13
13
36.4
0
1
20
20
20
56.0
0
9
20
20
20
Effect
Test item conc.
Effected fish (n) after exposure of
(nominal; mg/L)
0 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
0
0
0
0
0
0
10.0
0
0
0
0
0
15.4
0
0
0
0
0
23.7
0
0
11
13
13
36.4
0
1
20
20
20
56.0
0
9
20
20
20
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Based on current guidelines like OECD TG 203
- Conclusions:
- Based on mean measured concentrations, the LC50 (96 h) for fish (Pimephales promelas) is 12.4 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
Valeraldehyde was tested on fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) in a 96-h flow-through acute study. No specific guideline was reported, but documentation is sufficient to assign validity and good reliability. The test design is similar to OECD 203. Five test concentration and 1 control were set up. One test chamber with 20 fish was used per test concentrations. The test concentrations were analytically verified by GLC every day in each test chamber (recovery: 98.0±3.3%).
Concentrations were as follows:
nominal: 0 (control), 10, 15.4, 23.7, 36.4, and 56.0 mg/L
measured (corrected average): < 1.0, 5.76, 9.52, 11.9, 22.6, 35.5 mg/L
Mortalities and signs of abnormal behaviour were observedin the three highest concentrations. Based on mean measured concentrations, the 96-h LC50 was 12.4 mg/L.
Reference
Description of key information
Valeraldehyde was tested on fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) in a 96-h flow-through acute study. Based on mean measured concentrations, the 96-h LC50 was 12.4 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 12.4 mg/L
Additional information
Valeraldehyde was tested on fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) in a 96-h flow-through acute study. No specific guideline was reported, but documentation is sufficient to assign validity and good reliability. The test design is similar to OECD 203. Five test concentration and 1 control were set up. One test chamber with 20 fish was used per test concentrations. The test concentrations were analytically verified by GLC every day in each test chamber (recovery: 98.0±3.3%).
Concentrations were as follows:
nominal: 0 (control), 10, 15.4, 23.7, 36.4, and 56.0 mg/L
measured (corrected average): < 1.0, 5.76, 9.52, 11.9, 22.6, 35.5 mg/L
Mortalities and signs of abnormal behaviour were observedin the three highest concentrations. Based on mean measured concentrations, the 96-h LC50 was 12.4 mg/L.
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