2-chloro-2-methylbutane

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation / corrosion

Type of information:

read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Proposal of Limit Concentrations for Skin Irritation within the Context of a New EEC Directive on the Classification and Labeling of Preparations.

Author:

Jacobs G, Martens M, Mosselmans G

Year:

1987

Bibliographic source:

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 7, 370-378.

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

2-chloro-2-methylbutane

EC Number:

209-836-2

EC Name:

2-chloro-2-methylbutane

Cas Number:

594-36-5

Molecular formula:

C5H11Cl

IUPAC Name:

2-chloro-2-methylbutane

Test material form:

liquid

Test animals

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS:
- Strain: Rabbit / New Zealand White / White of Dendermont
- Breeder: Proefstations voor Veetelt (Merelbeke, Belgium)
- Number and sex: 5-6 animals
- Body weigth: 2.75 - 5.2 kg

Test system

Type of coverage:

occlusive

Preparation of test site:

shaved

Vehicle:

other: almond oil

Controls:

yes, concurrent no treatment

yes, concurrent vehicle

Amount / concentration applied:

0.5 mL
Concentration: 100% (w/w)

Duration of treatment / exposure:

4 hours

Observation period:

4 weeks

Number of animals:

5 to 6

Details on study design:

The exposure time was 4 hours. Afterwards, the patch was removed and the skin was cleaned using detergent solution and water to remove any residual substance. The animals were examined for signs of erythema and edema formation at 1, 24, 48, and 72 hr after treatment.

Results and discussion

In vivo

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Under the conditions of the test, all monochlorinated hydrocarbons and all monobrominated hydrocarbons with the exception of 1-Bromohexadecane were found to be irritating to the skin. There seems to be a tendency of decreasing irritancy at increasing molecular weigth, which has also been described earlier (Kästner, 1977, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 28, 741; Klauder & Brill, 1947, Arch. Dermatol. 56, 197-215). So a decreasing irritancy can also be assumed for longer-chain chlorinated hydrocarbons, however, 2 -Chloro-2 -methylbutane must be considered to be a skin irritant as all tested short-chain brominated and chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

Category 2 (irritant) based on GHS criteria

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the test, all tested short-chain monobrominated and monochlorinated hydrocarbons have been shown to be irritant to the skin. Thus, it is exptrapolated that also tert-Amylchlorid (2 -Chloro-2 -methylbutane) is a skin irritant.