Titanium tetrakis(dimethylammonium)

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)

Version / remarks:

1980

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

a 40% solution of dimethylamine in water was used for the test
supplied by Fluka, 99% purity

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Details on test solutions:

no further information given

Test organisms (species):

Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

culture medium used
hardness as CaCO3 = 90

Test temperature:

20+-1°C

pH:

8.7+-0.2 of culture medium

Dissolved oxygen:

no information

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: 10, 18, 32, 56, 100, 180 mg/l
control

Details on test conditions:

test solutions with an initial cell density of 10E-8 cells/litre (100ml) where added to 200 ml Erlenmeyer flask stoppered with a cotton plug and placed on a mechanical shaker under fluorescent light (7.5 W x m E-2). the cells were counted in a model ZbI Coulter Counter using a 70µm aperture. The test were carried out in triplicate

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

30 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

22 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

cell number

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The EC50 values and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated according to Lichtfield and Wilkoxon (1949) method
Population growth curve were analysed according to Kooyman et al. 1983

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Executive summary:

For dimethylamine an EC50 value of 30 mg/l (growth rate) were determined in a 96 h algae test equivalent or similar to OECD guideline 201.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Data waiving:

study technically not feasible

Justification for data waiving:

other:

Justification for type of information:

Titanium tetrakic(dimethylammonium) is an organometalic compound. It can only be handled air-free. It is a flammable liquid and very unstable (see also chapter 1.2 or 5.1.2 or 13). Within seconds it reacts violently in contact with moisture or water. Aquatic toxicity studies are technically not feasible. The decomposition products are dimethylamine and titanium oxide. Dimethylamine is a highly flammable gas. But dimethylamine is a well water soluble substance and was tested for acute aquatic toxicity.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study without detailed documentation

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EPA guideline no further information was given

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

dimethylamine as 40% aqueous solution

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

at the beginning of the test
frequently checking during the test
at the end of the test

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Selenastrum sp.

Details on test organisms:

Selenastrum capricornutum

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

96 h was in accordance with the EPA guideline

Post exposure observation period:

yes until 7 days after

Hardness:

no information

Test temperature:

no information

pH:

no information

Dissolved oxygen:

no information

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: 0; 1; 2, 5; 10; 20; 40; 80 mg/l

Details on test conditions:

Algae growth was evaluated by measuring in vivo the fluorimetric units at 48h; 72h; 96h and dafter 7 days

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

40 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The 96h EC50 was extrapolated from the eye fitted empirical curve on log-probability paper with percentages of growth inhibition and the logarithm of concentrations

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Executive summary:

An EC50 after 96h exposure of 8mg/l was determined for dimethylamine. The test was carried out according to an EPA guideline.

Description of key information

Titanium tetrakic(dimethylammonium) is an organometalic compound. It can only be handled air-free. It is a flammable liquid and very unstable (see also chapter 1.2 or 5.2.1 or 13). Within seconds it reacts violently in contact with moisture or water. Aquatic toxicity studies are technically not feasible. The decomposition products are dimethylamine and titanium oxide. Dimethylamine is a highly flammable gas. But dimethylamine is a well water soluble substance and was tested for acute aquatic toxicity. For dimethylamine an EC50 value of 30 mg/l (growth rate) were determined in a 96 h algae test equivalent or similar to OECD guideline 201 (van Leeuwen, 1985). In a second test (Calamari, 1980) an EC50 of 8mg/l after 96h exposure duration was determined for dimethylamine. The test was carried out according to an EPA guideline.