Samarium (III) chloride hexahydrate

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Samarium chloride is slightly irritating to skin and eye.
(In comparison the analogue Lanthanum compound causes serious eye damage.)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.4 (Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

not specified

Type of coverage:

other: direct application

Preparation of test site:

not specified

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

not specified

Amount / concentration applied:

no data

Duration of treatment / exposure:

single treatment

Observation period:

7 days

Number of animals:

6

Details on study design:

Direct application of samarium chloride crystals to intact rabbit skin produced no irritation within 24 hr and no delayed reaction after 72 hr. There was a very severe reaction by abraded skin resulting in the maximum irritation index of 8 within 24 hr. No change was observed within 72 hr, and within 7 days perforating ulcers 25 to 30 mm in diameter developed with penetration through the skin to the underlying muscle layers. Inasmuch as healing did not occur, the animals were killed at 14 days. The differences in response between intact and abraded skin may be related to the liberation of nascent hydrochloric acid by tissue fluids.

Only for abraded skin a score in the maximum irritation index of 8 within 24 hr is given. For rabbits with intact skin no irritation within 24 hr and no delayed reaction after 72 hr is detectable.

Interpretation of results:

slightly irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed (irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Species:

rabbit

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

not specified

Amount / concentration applied:

Each rabbit had one eye exposed to 1 mg of crystals of samarium chloride, while the other eye served as a control.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

single treatment

Observation period (in vivo):

24 hours

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

3

The introduction of 1 mg of samarium chlorides into the conjunctival sac of the eyes of rabbits resulted in an immediate increase in the rate of blinking and a redness of the palpebral coujunctiva within 1 hr.

After 24 hr there was no evidence of corneal or iris damage, conjunctival irritation, chemosis or increased lacrimal discharge. Apparently the natural buffering capacity of the lacrimal Huid was suflicient to counteract the nascent hydrochloric acid released when the gadolinium or samarium chlorides dissolved in the tears.

Interpretation of results:

slightly irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed (irritating)

Additional information

Justification for selection of skin irritation / corrosion endpoint:
Study was conducted with Samarium chloride directly.

Justification for selection of eye irritation endpoint:
Study was conducted with Samarium chloride directly.

Effects on skin irritation/corrosion: slightly irritating

Effects on eye irritation: slightly irritating

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on the available data of Samarium chloride has to be classified:

DSD: R36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin