Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 936-414-1 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Only studies performed with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) meeting the form described in section 4.5 of the IUCLID dossier are considered to be relevant for this submission.
Although a large number of studies on MWCNT have recently been published, clear characterisation of the test materials including sample preparation is often missing although this is quite essential for ensuring reproducibility and reliability of a study. Importantly, modifications of some specific characteristics of the MWCNT tested such as variations in tube diameter or length distribution might give rise to differences in the (eco-)toxicological profile.
Effects of different MWCNT seem to depend on the form (length) and physico-chemical properties (metal content, aggregation/agglomeration, surface chemistry, and functionalisation). Thus, for the time being a case-by-case approach is appropriate and the hazard assessment for MWCNT meeting the form described in section 4.5 of the IUCLID dossier is based solely on the information collected with this form of MWCNT. That is the reason why a comprehensive documentation is restricted to all available and relevant data on MWCNT meeting the form described in section 4.5 of the IUCLID dossier. That means on the other hand that the values used for any risk assessment should not be used for all MWCNT or for CNT in general, as the results obtained with one particular type of MWCNT may not necessarily be relevant for other CNT with other dimensions and properties.
However, the information on MWCNT not meeting the form described in section 4.5 of the IUCLID dossier (because the differences can be tracked back to the original papers or because the characterisation of the materials was unclear or incomplete) is also included in the IUCLID dossier but the entries are restricted to information on the data source.
Hydrolysis:
Due to their structure, MWCNT are not expected to be hydrolysed in water.
Biodegradation:
A biodegradation test is not suitable for MWCNT. The substance is inorganic and will not be degraded to carbon dioxide. However for research purposes studies have been performed.
Bioaccumulation:
Following current ECHA guidance chapter R7c, a substance is unlikely to be considered as bioaccumulative when it has a molecular weight > 1100 g/mol and a diameter Dmax average of > 1.7 nm. This is based on substances with high molecular weights (typically > 700 g/mol) and/or large molecular diameters (typically > 1.5 nm) being unlikely to be absorbed and to bioconcentrate.
The structure of Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) is a carbon layer similar to graphite which is additionally rolled to form tubes. Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) are large molecules consisting of typically several million carbon atoms with a high molecular weight.
The MWCNT covered in this registration dossier of the form defined in IUCLID section 4.5 exceed the above referenced value for molecular weight by several orders of magnitude and the molecular size criterion by over an order of magnitude for the individual tube strands and the molecular size criterion by several orders of magnitude based on the tangled tube networks. Therefore, the potential for adsorption and bioaccumulation is negligible. Consequently, testing for bioaccumulation is unnecessary.
Adsorption / desorption:
Substances tested with OECD 106 or 121 should have a certain water solubility and an analytical method which is sensitive enough is required. The water solublity of carbon nanotubes is very low (< 2 mg/L; limit of quantification). Additionally and although research efforts are ongoing, no standard analytical method is available to sensitively identify and quantify carbon nanotubes in aqueous solution or on soil.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.