Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 700-834-1 | CAS number: 9041-08-1
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
There were several reports in basic toxicokinetics, weight of evidence. In these studies, there was no evidence indicated that the substance has bioaccumulation potential.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Absorption and Distribution
IV infusion of heparin results in an immediate anticoagulant response. However, the response may be delayed by 1-2 hr following SC administration due to variation in bioavailability by this route. Lowmolecular-weight heparins are absorbed more uniformly than unfractionated heparin. The compound is not widely distributed into body tissues, though it does appear to be stored in or on the surface of vascular endothelium, mast cells, and macrophages both systemically and in the lung. Animal studies have shown that the ratio of heparin bound to the vascular endothelium to heparin in the bloodstream is roughly 100:1 (BENDSTRUP, 1998).
Heparin is well deposited when administered by inhalation. However, it is rapidly stored in the lungs, with only a small fraction being distributed systemically. High inhalation doses are therefore required to produce significant effects on coagulation. When given by this route, peak systemic levels are achieved about 1 hr after administration, with maximum anticoagulant activity occurring 6-8 hr post-dosing. By contrast, localized anti-inflammatory effects following a single dose of inhaled heparin may persist for up to 24 hr (BENDSTRUP, 1998).
The plasma elimination half life of heparin increases with dose, from one to five hr over the range of 100-800 IU/kg. Low-molecular-weight preparations have longer half lives than standard preparations. After inhalation, clearance occurs slowly. The elimination half life from lung tissue is slightly less than 24 hr (BENDSTRUP, 1998).
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