Decan-5-olide

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

Experimental test result performed using standard OECD test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

GLP compliance:

no

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

The stock solution 100 mg/l was prepared by dissolving test chemical in reconstituted water. The test solutions of required concentrations were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample in reconstituted water.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain: Straus
- Source: Own breeding at University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): The animals used for the test shall be less than 24 h old and should not be first brood progeny
- Feeding during test: No feeding

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

± 1 hr

Test temperature:

20±1°C

pH:

without adjustment
sample at concentration 80 mg/l: pH = 7.8 changed to pH = 7.9 during the test
control: pH = 7.7 did not change during the test

Dissolved oxygen:

higher than 7.7 mg/L at the end of test both in the control and the sample

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test chemical concentration used for the study were 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/l, respectively.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 50 ml glass vessel
- fill volume: 25 ml
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water:
Natural water (surface or ground water), reconstituted water or dechlorinated tap water are acceptable as culturing and dilution water if D. magna survives in it for the duration of the culturing, acclimation and testing without showing signs of stress. Waters in the range pH 6 to pH 9, with hardness between 140 mg/l and 275 mg/l (as CaCO3) are recommended.
As an example, the preparation of dilution water meeting the requirements is described below.
Dissolve known quantities of reagents in water. The dilution water prepared shall have a pH of 7.8 ± 0.5, a hardness of (225 ± 50) mg/l (expressed as CaCO3), a molar Ca + Mg ratio close to 4 + 1 and a dissolved oxygen concentration above 7 mg/l.

Prepare the solutions specified below:
- Calcium chloride solution: Dissolve 117.6 g of calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2.2H2O) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Magnesium sulfate solution: Dissolve 49.3 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4.7H2O) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Sodium bicarbonate solution: Dissolve 25.9 g of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Potassium chloride solution: Dissolve 2.3 g of potassium chloride (KCI) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).

Mixing
Mix 2.5 ml of each of the four solutions and make up to 1 l with water.
The dilution water shall be aerated until the dissolved oxygen concentration has reached saturation and the pH has stabilized. If necessary, adjust the pH to 7.8 ± 0.5 by adding sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution or hydrochloric acid (HCI). The dilution water prepared in this way shall not be further aerated before use.

- Sodium hydroxide solution, e.g. [NaOH] : 1 mol/l.
- Hydrochloric acid, e.g. [HCl] : 1 mol/l.

Reference substance:
Dissolve 600 mg of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in water and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no adjustment done
- Photoperiod: No - Darkness
- Light intensity:

CALCULATION:
EC50 was calculated using non linear regression by the software Prism 4.0

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

30.1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95 % C. I. = 23.9 to 37.9 mg/l

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid
- EC50: 0.73 mg/L (24 hours)

Reported statistics and error estimates:

EC50 was calculated using non linear regression by the software Prism 4.0.

In control solution containing reconstituted water without the test chemical, no daphnids were immobilized at the end of the test.

Result of the definitive test:

Sample no.	Sample Information	Conc. (mg/l)	I%	48 hr EC50
				mg/l	95% C. I. (mg/l)
Control	Reconstituted water	0	0
14676	Test chemical	5 10 20 40 80	5 10 25 65 100	30.1	23.9 to 37.9

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Based on the mobility of the test organism Daphnia magna due to the exposure of test chemical, the 48hr EC50 value was determined to be 30.1 mg/l (95 % C. I. - 23.9 to 37.9 mg/l).

Executive summary:

An acute immobilisation test was conducted for 48 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical on aquatic invertebrates. The test was performed in accordance to OECD guideline No. 202 “Daphnia sp.,Acute Immobilization Test”. Daphnia magna was used as a test organism for the study. The stock solution 100 mg/l was prepared by dissolving test chemical in reconstituted water. The test solutions of required concentrations were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample in reconstituted water. Test chemical concentrations were not verified analytically. Nominal test chemical concentrations used for the study were 0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/l, respectively. Study was performed using total 5 organisms per vessel/replicates in a static system. Daphnids were exposed to test chemical in 50 ml glass vessel in a volume of 25 ml of liquid solution containing both the chemical and media. Control solution vessel containing reconstituted water without the test chemical was also setup during the study. The beakers were placed in a room at a temperature of 20±1°C. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was run simultaneously. The 24 hr EC50 value of the reference substance was determined to be 0.73 mg/l. EC50 was calculated using non linear regression by the software Prism 4. In the control vessel containing reconstituted water without the test chemical, no daphnids were immobilized at the end of the test and the dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test was evaluated to be ≥ 3 mg/l (i.e, reported as > 7 mg/l) both in the control and test vessels. Thus, the validity criterion of the test has been fulfilled. On the basis of the mobility of the test organism Daphnia magna due to the exposure of test chemical, the 48hr median effect concentration (EC50) value was determined to be 30.1 mg/l (95 % C. I. - 23.9 to 37.9 mg/l). Thus, test chemical is considered as toxic to aquatic invertebrates at environmental related concentrations and hence, considered to be classified in 'aquatic chronic category 3' as per the CLP classification criteria.

Description of key information

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the Acute toxicity of test chemical to the Daphnia sp., (Daphnia magnaStraus). The study was performed in compliance with OECD Guideline for Testing of chemicals OECD NO. 202, Adopted by the Council on 13 April 2004, Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilization Test. Solubility of the test item was performed by weighing 25.7 mg of the test item in a 250 ml volumetric flask dissolved and made up to the mark using natural water and the resulting concentration is 102.8 mg/L. Stability of the test item in natural water determined by analyzing the test concentrations of 0.1 and 100 mg/L at 0 hour, 24 hour, 48 hour, 72 hour and 96 hour showed that the test item concentration remained 80% to 120% (98.37% to 99.09% for 0.1 mg/L and 98.29% to 99.03% for 100 mg/L) with respect to initial measured concentration and hence the dose verification for definitive test was performed at the beginning and at the termination of the test. The brood daphnids were acclimatized 48 hours prior to the test item exposure in natural water. Less than 24 hours old daphnids were collected from the acclimatized gravid females and exposed to the test item. After exposure on day 0, daphnids were observed for Immobilization at 24 and 48 hours. Range finding test was conducted at test concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L in a geometric factor of 2 along with control groups without test item by static method. Each concentration contained two replicates and five Daphnids per replicate. Test item was formulated in natural water. No immobilization observed in control group whereas, 10.0%, 20.0% , 30.0% , 70.0% and 90% in 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L for a period of 48 hours. No abnormal behaviour observed in control groups and in all the tested concentrations for a period of 48 hours. Based on the results of range finding test, the definitive test was conducted at test concentrations of 3.5, 7.7, 16.94, 37.27 and 81.99 mg/L in a geometric factor of 2.2 along with control group without test item by static method. Each concentration contained four replicates and five Daphnids per replicate. Test item was formulated in natural water. No immobilization observed in control group whereas, 5.0%, 10.0% , 20.0% , 55.0% and 85.0% in 3.5, 7.7, 16.94, 37.27 and 81.99 mg/L for a period of 48 hours. No abnormal behaviour observed in control group and in all the tested concentrations for a period of 48 hours. During the Definitive test period, all the beakers were incubated in the room under test condition. The pH of the control at the test start was 7.5 and at termination of the test was 7.8 and therefore did not vary more than 1.5 units during the study. The pH of all the tested concentrations was 7.0 to 7.6 at the beginning of the test and 7.8 to 7.9 at test termination. The temperature of the control and test concentration at the beginning and at test termination was21.0°C to 21.8°C. The Dissolved oxygen of the concentrations was 7.6 to 9.5 mg/ L at the beginning of the test and 6.7 to 7.4 mg/L at test termination. The mean intensity of light ranged from 1334 to 1349 Lux. Based on the results of this study, the EC₅₀value for 48 hours of test chemical was found to be 31.81mg/L with 95% confidence limits between 26.97mg/L and 36.65 mg/L.The results observed in the present study meets all the validity criteria as per OECD 202 Test guideline. Thus chemical can be classified into aquatic chroinc category 3 as per CLP classification criteria.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

31.81 mg/L

Additional information

Experimental study of the test chemical and various experimental studies for the short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate end point which are summarized as below:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the Acute toxicity of test chemical to the Daphnia sp., (Daphnia magnaStraus). The study was performed in compliance with OECD Guideline for Testing of chemicals OECD NO. 202, Adopted by the Council on 13 April 2004, Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilization Test. Solubility of the test item was performed by weighing 25.7 mg of the test item in a 250 ml volumetric flask dissolved and made up to the mark using natural water and the resulting concentration is 102.8 mg/L. Stability of the test item in natural water determined by analyzing the test concentrations of 0.1 and 100 mg/L at 0 hour, 24 hour, 48 hour, 72 hour and 96 hour showed that the test item concentration remained 80% to 120% (98.37% to 99.09% for 0.1 mg/L and 98.29% to 99.03% for 100 mg/L) with respect to initial measured concentration and hence the dose verification for definitive test was performed at the beginning and at the termination of the test. The brood daphnids were acclimatized 48 hours prior to the test item exposure in natural water. Less than 24 hours old daphnids were collected from the acclimatized gravid females and exposed to the test item. After exposure on day 0, daphnids were observed for Immobilization at 24 and 48 hours. Range finding test was conducted at test concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L in a geometric factor of 2 along with control groups without test item by static method. Each concentration contained two replicates and five Daphnids per replicate. Test item was formulated in natural water. No immobilization observed in control group whereas, 10.0%, 20.0% , 30.0% , 70.0% and 90% in 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L for a period of 48 hours. No abnormal behaviour observed in control groups and in all the tested concentrations for a period of 48 hours. Based on the results of range finding test, the definitive test was conducted at test concentrations of 3.5, 7.7, 16.94, 37.27 and 81.99 mg/L in a geometric factor of 2.2 along with control group without test item by static method. Each concentration contained four replicates and five Daphnids per replicate. Test item was formulated in natural water. No immobilization observed in control group whereas, 5.0%, 10.0% , 20.0% , 55.0% and 85.0% in 3.5, 7.7, 16.94, 37.27 and 81.99 mg/L for a period of 48 hours. No abnormal behaviour observed in control group and in all the tested concentrations for a period of 48 hours. During the Definitive test period, all the beakers were incubated in the room under test condition. The pH of the control at the test start was 7.5 and at termination of the test was 7.8 and therefore did not vary more than 1.5 units during the study. The pH of all the tested concentrations was 7.0 to 7.6 at the beginning of the test and 7.8 to 7.9 at test termination. The temperature of the control and test concentration at the beginning and at test termination was21.0°C to 21.8°C. The Dissolved oxygen of the concentrations was 7.6 to 9.5 mg/ L at the beginning of the test and 6.7 to 7.4 mg/L at test termination. The mean intensity of light ranged from 1334 to 1349 Lux. Based on the results of this study, the EC₅₀value for 48 hours of test chemical was found to be 31.81mg/L with 95% confidence limits between 26.97mg/L and 36.65 mg/L.The results observed in the present study meets all the validity criteria as per OECD 202 Test guideline. Thus chemical can be classified into aquatic chroinc category 3 as per CLP classification criteria.

 

In an experimental study from study report (2018), an acute immobilisation test was conducted for 48 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical on aquatic invertebrates. The test was performed in accordance to OECD guideline No. 202 “Daphnia sp.,Acute Immobilization Test”. Daphnia magna was used as a test organism for the study. The stock solution 100 mg/l was prepared by dissolving test chemical in reconstituted water. The test solutions of required concentrations were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample in reconstituted water. Test chemical concentrations were not verified analytically. Nominal test chemical concentrations used for the study were 0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/l, respectively. Study was performed using total 5 organisms per vessel/replicates in a static system. Daphnids were exposed to test chemical in 50 ml glass vessel in a volume of 25 ml of liquid solution containing both the chemical and media. Control solution vessel containing reconstituted water without the test chemical was also setup during the study. The beakers were placed in a room at a temperature of 20±1°C. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was run simultaneously. The 24 hr EC50 value of the reference substance was determined to be 0.73 mg/l. EC50 was calculated using non-linear regression by the software Prism 4. In the control vessel containing reconstituted water without the test chemical, no daphnids were immobilized at the end of the test and the dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test was evaluated to be ≥ 3 mg/l (i.e, reported as > 7 mg/l) both in the control and test vessels. Thus, the validity criterion of the test has been fulfilled. On the basis of the mobility of the test organism Daphnia magna due to the exposure of test chemical, the 48hr median effect concentration (EC50) value was determined to be 30.1 mg/l (95 % C. I. - 23.9 to 37.9 mg/l).

On the basis of the above results, it can be concluded that the test chemical can be considered as toxic to aquatic invertebrates at environmental related concentrations and considered to be classified in 'aquatic chronic category 3' as per the CLP classification criteria.