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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 200-772-0 | CAS number: 72-17-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 88.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: corrected for lactic acid content of the test material (88.2 %)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 88.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: corrected for lactic acid content of the test material (88.2 %)
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- Relevant effect levels: EC50 = 5.9 mg/L - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Lactic acid does not inhibit activated sludge respiration at concentrations up to 88.2 mg/L (corrected for lactic acid content of the test material). Inhibition was -1.1 % (i.e. slight stimulation).
- Executive summary:
The influence of L-(+)-lactic acid on the respiration rate of activated sludge was investigated after a contact time of 3 hours. The study procedure was based on OECD guideline 209 (adopted April 4, 1984), EEC Directive 67/548 amended November 18, 1987 (87/302), Part C, Publication No. L133, adopted May 30, 1988 and ISO Standard 8192 (1986). The batch of the test material was a clear and colourless liquid (88.2 % aqueous solution of lactic acid) that could easily be mixed with water. A stock solution of 500 mg/L was prepared by adding 126.0 mg test substance to 250 ml of Milli-RO water. A stirring period of 30 minutes was used to accelerate dissolution and to ensure homogeneity. Volumes of the stock solution corresponding to the test concentration were then added to the test media. A concentration of 100 mg/L of the test material was tested in duplicate. Optimal contact between the test substance and test medium was ensured applying continuous aeration and stirring. No significant inhibition of the respiration rate of the sludge was recorded at 100 mg test material per litre. The duplicate measurement confirmed the result of the first measurement. Therefore no further testing was needed. Since all criteria for acceptability of the test were met, this study was considered to be valid. In conclusion, under the conditions of this present test, L-(+)-lactic acid was not toxic to waste water (activated sludge) bacteria at a concentration of 88.2 mg/L (corrected for lactic acid content of the test material).
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance.For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms, other
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Justification for type of information:
- For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- < 35 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: suspended solids and COD in effluent.
- Remarks on result:
- other: 35000 mg/L sodium chloride had only a slight adverse effect on the performance of the activated sludge process
- Details on results:
- The results indicated that relatively high concentrations of sodium chloride (up to 35000 mg/L) have only a slight adverse effect on the performance of the activated sludge process.
- Conclusions:
- A NOEC < 35000 mg/L was derived for the effect of Sodium chloride on the performance of activated sludge.
- Executive summary:
The effect of Sodium chloride concentrations on activated sludge performance was investigated using a stepwise increasing concentration design over a duration of 7 months. The effect was studied based on concentration of suspended solids and COD in effluent. The results indicated that relatively high concentrations of Sodium chloride (up to 35000 mg/L) have only a slight adverse effect on the performance of the activated sludge process. Further increases in Sodium chloride beyond 35000 mg/L caused abrupt increases in effluent suspended solids. A NOEC < 35000 mg/L was derived for the effect of Sodium chloride on the performance of activated sludge.
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance. For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
Sodium lactate fully dissociates into Na+ ions and lactate. The ecotoxicology of Sodium lactate can be understood in terms of the ecotoxicology of sodium ions and lactic acid. Sodium ions are known as an essential nutrient for microorganisms; they are non-toxic. No inhibition of activated sludge respiration was observed for lactic acid (88.2 %) at 100 mg/L. Thus, no toxic effects of Sodium lactate on STPs are expected.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 109 mg/L
Additional information
Sodium lactate fully dissociates into Na+ ions and lactate. The ecotoxicology of Sodium lactate can be understood in terms of the ecotoxicology of sodium ions and lactic acid. Sodium ions are known as an essential nutrient for microorganisms; they are non-toxic.
Lactic acid does not inhibit activated sludge respiration at concentrations up to 100 mg/L test material (88.2 mg/L pure lactic acid). Inhibition was -1.1% (stimulation). Note that lactic acid is produced by certain micro-organisms in sewage treatment plants, and removed by other micro-organisms in the same 'ecosystem'. As such, lactic acid is a ubiquitous and abundant natural component of active sewage treatment systems. No toxic effects of lactic acid on STPs are expected.
The NOEC for respiration inhibition by sodium lactate can be calculated from the NOEC for lactic acid: 88.2 × 1.24 = 109 mg sodium lactate/L. Note that the NOEC for lactic acid, thus also the NOEC for sodium lactate, is expected to be much higher because lactic acid is produced by certain micro-organisms in sewage treatment plants and removed by other micro-organisms in the same 'ecosystem'.
No toxic effects of sodium lactate on STPs are expected.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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