2-ethylhexyl chloroformate

Acute Toxicity: dermal

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: dermal

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

3 (not reliable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

significant methodological deficiencies

Remarks:

Study of Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories (IBT).

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Report date:

1975

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

2 animal/sex and dose

GLP compliance:

no

Test type:

standard acute method

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

2-ethylhexyl chloroformate

EC Number:

246-278-9

EC Name:

2-ethylhexyl chloroformate

Cas Number:

24468-13-1

Molecular formula:

C9H17ClO2

IUPAC Name:

2-ethylhexyl carbonochloridate

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2-ethylhexylchloroformate
- Analytical purity: Purity of the test material was not indicated.
- Other: no further information given

Test animals

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Weight at study initiation: 2.6- 3.0 (males); 2.56- 3.10 (females)

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
not reported

Administration / exposure

Type of coverage:

occlusive

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on dermal exposure:

TEST SITE
The test site (back) was covered by wrapping the trunk of the animal with an impervious plastic sheeting that was securely taped in place.

Duration of exposure:

14 h

Doses:

600, 900, 1,350, 2,025 or 3,038 mg/kg

No. of animals per sex per dose:

2

Control animals:

no

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Animals were weighed prior to treatment and at 7 and 14 days (if still alive). Frequency of clinical observation is not reported
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight

Statistics:

none

Results and discussion

Effect levels

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 3 038 mg/kg bw

Mortality:

One male exposed to 3,038 mg/kg died at 12 days. There were no other deaths.

Clinical signs:

other: The test material was severely irritating to the skin. Skin changes at 24 hours were characterized by beet red erythema, severe edema, and focal, superficial and second degree burns in all of the animals. Red, well-defined erythema, superficial escharosi

Gross pathology:

Necropsy examination revealed focal hemorrhages in the lungs of one female treated with 900 mg/kg and another treated with 3,038 mg/kg. Red lungs were found in one female treated with 1,350 mg/kg. Emaciation and depletion of body fat stores were observed in the two males treated with 3,038 mg/kg (one died).

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

The dermal LD50 is beyond 3,038 mg/kg. 2 -ethylhexylchloroformate is of low systemic toxicity via the dermal route.

Executive summary:

The study is similar to a OECD 402 dermal toxicity study. Only 2 animals/sex and dose were used. However, the study is sufficient for end point evaluation (valid with restriction). 2 rabbits per sex were exposed to 600, 900, 1,350, 2,025 or 3,038 mg/kg 2 -ethylhexylchloroformate. The test material was severely irritating/corrosive to the skin. One male exposed to 3,038 mg/kg died at 12 days. There were no other deaths. The dermal LD50 is beyond 3,038 mg/kg. Focal hemorrhages in the lung, red lungs respectively point to an inhalative exposure towards 2-ethylhexylchloroformate.

Conclusion: The dermal LD50 is beyond 3,038 mg/kg. 2 -ethylhexylchloroformate is of low systemic toxicity via the dermal route.