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EC number: 930-915-9 | CAS number: 1318-02-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to terrestrial plants
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Feb. 21 - Dec. 19, 2001; experimental phase: May 9 - Nov. 16, 2001
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)
- Version / remarks:
- „Terrestrial Plants, Growth Test", Part 208, adopted April 4th, 1984
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Name: Vegobond AX (Sodium Aluminiosilicate)
Batch No.: SP 1441/Ref. 1
Description: white powder
Composition: Sodium-aluminium-silicate
CAS No.: 1327-36-2
Formula: (Na2O)(Al2O3)(SiO2)2*4.5 H2O
Purity: no specification
Stability: stable at 20 ℃
Storage: at room temperature, in closed package
Solubility in water: insoluble - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Species:
- other: Avena sativa, Raphanus sativus, Lepidium sativum
- Details on test organisms:
- Three different plants (one of each category stated in the OECD-guideline 208) were used. The seeds were purchased from a natural food store, ensuring that no chemical treatment has occured.
- Test type:
- seedling emergence and seedling growth test
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- artificial soil
- Remarks:
- Composition: 40% Standard Soil 3A (LUFA Speyer), 40% sand, 20% deionized water
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 1 mo
- Remarks:
- Experiments were carried on until more than 80% of the control seeds had emerged, which was about one month in case of the third experiment.
- Test temperature:
- 20 +/- 2 °C
- pH:
- 5.0-7.5 (6.5 at start of experiments)
- Moisture:
- 60-75 %
- Details on test conditions:
- Lighting: > 5000 Lux
Photo period: 12/12 hours
Water: ad libitum, planting pots were kept moist
Photo period:
Water:
Photo period:
Water: - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1st experiment: 1.5 g/kg, 1.0 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg and 0.15 g/kg
2nd experiment: 500 g/kg, 150 g/kg, 50 g/kg and 15 g/kg
3rd experiment: 15 g/kg, 5 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg
All given concentrations were nominal. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Species:
- other: Avena sativa, Raphanus sativus, Lepidium sativum
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 9 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- seedling emergence
- Key result
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 9 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Key result
- Species:
- Raphanus sativus
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 6 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Key result
- Species:
- Lepidum sativum
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 7 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Details on results:
- In the initial experiment, no adverse effect of the test substance could be observed, showing EC50 and LC50 to be higher than 1,5 g/kg.
In the second experiment, EC50 and LC50 were determined to be lower than 15 g/kg.
The third experiment, performed with four concentrations spaced between 0,5 g/kg and 15 g/kg, showed a satisfactory correlation between emergence and concentration.
As can be deducted from the three experiments, the EC50 of the test substance lies definitively between 15 and 5 g/kg dry matter.
In using sigmoid regression to fit the % emergence relative to the control on a linear scale to the concentration in g/kg on a logarithmic scale, a concentration-effect-relationship could be shown. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The following values could be determined:
LC50 (emergence): 9 g/kg (for all species used: Avena sativa, Raphanus sativus, Lepidium sativum)
EC50 (growth, Avena sativa): 9 g/kg
EC50 (growth, Raphanus sativus): 6 g/kg
EC50 (growth, Lepidium sativum): 7 g/kg
Under the conditions of the test, Vegobond AX showed significant effects on emergence and growth of Avena sativa, Raphanus sativus, and Lepidium sativum. - Executive summary:
This study was intended to reveal toxic effects of soil-incorporated Vegobond AX on the emergence and the early stages of growth of three terrestrial plants after a single application.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- experimental phase: Sep. 1976 - Sep. 1977
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- one year test, 4 different soils, Sasil alone and with two sewage sludges
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SASIL (A Zeolite)
- Species:
- Lolium perenne
- Plant group:
- other: poaceae
- Species:
- other: Lolium italicum
- Plant group:
- other: poaceae
- Test type:
- seedling emergence and seedling growth test
- Study type:
- extended laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- artificial soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 12 mo
- pH:
- Kst-Tf:: 4.7
Kst-Re: 4.6
Gm-Pb: 7.3
Sst-Po: 3.0 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Sasil groups: level 0-0: 0 g / level 0-1: 2 g / level 0-2: 4 g
Sewage sludge from treatment plant Fellbach groups: level F1-0: 7.82 g / level F2-0: 15.64 g
Sewage sludge from treatment plant Fellbach + Sasil groups: level F1-1: 7.82 g / level F2-2: 15.64 g
Sewage sludge from treatment plant Büsnau groups: level B1-1: 7.14 g / level B2-2: 14.28 g - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Species:
- Lolium perenne
- Duration:
- 12 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 4 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: result for Sasil
- Species:
- other: Lolium italicum
- Duration:
- 12 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 4 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: result for Sasil
- Conclusions:
- The yields were hardly specifically influenced (only by eliminating calcium deficiency, and possibly increased by excess Mn) and the heavy metal content - with the exception of Zn - tended to decrease rather than increase.
- Executive summary:
In a one-year test on 4 different NPKMgS-fertilized soils, with the same level in terms of pH, clay content and heavy metal content, the effect of SASIL, alone and in combination with 2 sewage sludges, was examined on the yield (7 cuts) and the quality (measured by the heavy metal content) of ryegrass.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Feb. 21 - Dec. 19, 2001; experimental phase: May 9 - Nov. 16, 2001
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)
- Version / remarks:
- „Terrestrial Plants, Growth Test", Part 208, adopted April 4th, 1984
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Name: Doucil A24 (detergent grade MAP type zeolite)
Batch No.: Ref.Nr.31
Description: white powder
Composition: Sodium-aluminium-silicate
CAS No.: 1318-02-1
Formula: (Na2O)(AI2O3)(SiO3)2
Purity: no specification
Stability: stable at 20 ℃
Storage: at room temperature, in closed package
Solubility in water: insoluble - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Species:
- other: Avena sativa, Raphanus sativus, Lepidium sativum
- Details on test organisms:
- Three different plants (one of each category stated in the OECD-guideline 208) were used. The seeds were purchased from a natural food store, ensuring that no chemical treatment has occured.
- Test type:
- seedling emergence and seedling growth test
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- artificial soil
- Remarks:
- Composition: 40% Standard Soil 3A (LUFA Speyer), 40% sand, 20% deionized water
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 1 mo
- Remarks:
- Experiments were carried on until more than 80% of the control seeds had emerged, which was about one month in case of the third experiment.
- Test temperature:
- 20 +/- 2 °C
- pH:
- 5.0-7.5 (6.5 at start of experiments)
- Moisture:
- 60-75 %
- Details on test conditions:
- Lighting: > 5000 Lux
Photo period: 12/12 hours
Water: ad libitum, planting pots were kept moist
Photo period:
Water:
Photo period:
Water: - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1st experiment: 1.5 g/kg, 1.0 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg and 0.15 g/kg
2nd experiment: 500 g/kg, 150 g/kg, 50 g/kg and 15 g/kg
3rd experiment: 15 g/kg, 5 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg
All given concentrations were nominal. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Species:
- other: Avena sativa, Raphanus sativus, Lepidium sativum
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 9 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- seedling emergence
- Key result
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 14 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Key result
- Species:
- Raphanus sativus
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 11 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Key result
- Species:
- Lepidum sativum
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 7 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Details on results:
- In the initial experiment, no adverse effect of the test substance could be observed, showing EC50 and LC50 to be higher than 1,5 g/kg.
In the second experiment, EC50 and LC50 were determined to be lower than 15 g/kg.
The third experiment, performed with four concentrations spaced between 0,5 g/kg and 15 g/kg, showed a satisfactory correlation between emergence and concentration.
As can be deducted from the three experiments, the EC50 of the test substance lies definitively between 15 and 5 g/kg dry matter.
In using sigmoid regression to fit the % emergence relative to the control on a linear scale to the concentration in g/kg on a logarithmic scale, a concentration-effect-relationship could be shown. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The following values could be determined:
LC50 (emergence): 9 g/kg (for all species used: Avena sativa, Raphanus sativus, Lepid ium sativum)
EC50 (growth, Avena sativa): 14 g/kg
EC50 (growth, Raphanus sativus): 11 g/kg
EC50 (growth, Lepidium sativum): 7 g/kg
Under the conditions of the test, Doucil A24 showed significant effects on emergence and growth of Avena sativa, Raphanus sativus} and Lepidium sativum. - Executive summary:
This study was intended to reveal toxic effects of soil-incorporated Doucil A24 on the emergence and the early stages of growth of three terrestrial plants after a single application.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Feb. 21 - Dec. 19, 2001; experimental phase: May 9 - Nov. 16, 2001
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)
- Version / remarks:
- „Terrestrial Plants, Growth Test", Part 208, adopted April 4th, 1984
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Name: Wessalith 4000 (A Zeolite)/ Doucil 4a (The sponsor assured that the chemical identity of both substances was the same.)
Batch No.: Kontroll Nr.0191 / Ref. Nr. 494
Description: white powder
Composition: zeolithe
CAS No.: 1318-02-1
Formula: Na12[AIO2)12(SiO2)12]*27 H2O
Purity: no specification
Stability: stable at 20 ℃
Storage: at room temperature, in closed package
Solubility in water: insoluble - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Species:
- other: Avena sativa, Raphanus sativus, Lepidium sativum
- Details on test organisms:
- Three different plants (one of each category stated in the OECD-guideline 208) were used. The seeds were purchased from a natural food store, ensuring that no chemical treatment has occured.
- Test type:
- seedling emergence and seedling growth test
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- artificial soil
- Remarks:
- Composition: 40% Standard Soil 3A (LUFA Speyer), 40% sand, 20% deionized water
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 1 mo
- Remarks:
- Experiments were carried on until more than 80% of the control seeds had emerged, which was about one month in case of the third experiment.
- Test temperature:
- 20 +/- 2 °C
- pH:
- 5.0-7.5 (6.5 at start of experiments)
- Moisture:
- 60-75 %
- Details on test conditions:
- Lighting: > 5000 Lux
Photo period: 12/12 hours
Water: ad libitum, planting pots were kept moist
Photo period:
Water:
Photo period:
Water: - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1st experiment: 1.5 g/kg, 1.0 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg and 0.15 g/kg
2nd experiment: 500 g/kg, 150 g/kg, 50 g/kg and 15 g/kg
3rd experiment: 15 g/kg, 5 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg
All given concentrations were nominal. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 14 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- seedling emergence
- Key result
- Species:
- Raphanus sativus
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- seedling emergence
- Key result
- Species:
- Lepidum sativum
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 15 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- seedling emergence
- Key result
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 15 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Key result
- Species:
- Raphanus sativus
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 4 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Key result
- Species:
- Lepidum sativum
- Duration:
- 1 mo
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 10 g/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Details on results:
- In the initial experiment, no adverse effect of the test substance could be observed, showing EC50 and LC50 to be higher than 1,5 g/kg.
In the second experiment, EC50 and LC50 were determined to be lower than 15 g/kg.
The third experiment, performed with four concentrations spaced between 0,5 g/kg and 15 g/kg, showed a satisfactory correlation between emergence and concentration.
As can be deducted from the three experiments, the EC50 of the test substance lies definitively between 15 and 5 g/kg dry matter.
In using sigmoid regression to fit the % emergence relative to the control on a linear scale to the concentration in g/kg on a logarithmic scale, a concentration-effect-relationship could be shown. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The following values could be determined:
LC50 (emergence, Avena sativa): 14 g/kg
LC50 (emergence, Raphanus sativus): 5 g/kg
LC50 (emergence, Lepidium sativum): 15 g/kg
EC50 (growth, Avena sativa): 15 g/kg
EC50 (growth, Raphanus sativus): 4 g/kg
EC50 (growth, Lepidium sativum): 10 g/kg
Under the conditions of the test, Wessalith 4000 showed significant effects on emergence and growth of Avena sativa, Raphanus sativus, and Lepidium sativum. - Executive summary:
This study was intended to reveal toxic effects of soil-incorporated Wesalith 4000 (aka. Doucil 4a) on the emergence and the early stages of growth of three terrestrial plants after a single application.
Referenceopen allclose all
With NPKMgS-fertilization only, the yields on terra fusca and parabrown earth (despite initially very high Mn contents in both cases and low Ca contents in the latter) as well as the rendzina (despite low contents initially of Mn and later of Cu) were quite high, on the Podsol, on the other hand, (especially at the beginning and at the end) considerably lower, and indeed fairly certain because of the continuous lack of Ca, and perhaps because of the onset of a lack of Mn, but not of P.
SASIL increased the yields on the parabrown earth (with an increase in the Ca, but a decrease in the high Mn uptake) and the Rendzina (with an increase in the Cu uptake) only slightly, the already quite high on the terra fusca at level 0-2, however, clearly (with a slight increase in the Ca uptake and a reduction in the Mn content) and the very low ones on the Podsol (especially initially and finally) very much below or as a result of an even greater increase in the pH and the Ca uptake and despite the reduction of the already quite low Mn content.
With its (low) heavy metal intake, SASIL only increased the diprivations noticeably in the poor Podsol and hardly any levels there either. On the other hand, the slight increase in pH (and the KAK by 1 or 2 meq / 100 g) only caused a certain reduction in availability for Mn (and Fe), while the contents and uptake of the "problem elements" Zn, Pb and Cd (also the high in the case of Terra fusca) remained unchanged. Under the aspect of forage quality, the strongly increased Na content of the grass on all soils should be noted positively. An increased Al supply in SASIL degradation could be unfavorable directly through Al-toxicity (for which, however, the Al contents of the plants, which were below the detection limit, did not provide any indication) or indirectly through P fixation. On the terra fusca and the parabrown earth, SASIL did indeed initially (and finally) lower the P uptake (during the Parabrown earth in total from 439 to 409 mg / pot), the P content also in Podsol, but thanks to the P re-fertilization in no case up to the deficiency limit for plants or animals (with parabrown earth on average from 6.6 to 5.9% ).
The Fellbach sewage sludge influenced the yield formation on all soils in a similar way to SASIL, but increased the Ca and Cu and decreased the Mn uptake to a greater extent because of the greater intake and greater pH increase (to 4.5, 5 and 6 forPodsol, Terra fusca or Parabraunerde).Corresponding to the intake, the uptake of Zn was generally higher, mostly also with Cd (not in the rich terra fusca), less with Pb, hardly with Fe (except in the poor Podsol, where the Mn uptake also increased) and not with Na. However, the levels did not rise into a range that should be regarded as toxic.
In the combination of SASIL + Fellbach sewage sludge, the yield increases were only greater on the Podsol than expected after the effects of the components (otherwise the same or slightly less), generally the Fe and Zn uptake as well as the pH values increased more strongly (to 5,5.5 or 6 for Podsol, Terra fusca or Parabrown earth) and the Mn recordings were more strongly reduced, as well as the P recordings, only to the extent that specific SASIL effects could be identified. Apart from an initial lowering of the Mn content in the Rendzina plants to the point of deficiency and - especially initially - very high Na content in the grass, these effects remained within the range of optimal supply.
The SASIL-containing sewage sludge increased the yields on the Rendzina a little more (for no apparent reason), on the Parabrown earth a little and on the Podsol significantly less than "Fellbach + SASIL", probably due to a lower Ca supply and pH increase (to 4, with possible consequences for P availability). In general, a lack of pH increase at higher intakes was associated with significantly higher Mn and somewhat higher Fe intakes and, despite lower intakes, significantly higher Zn and not lower Cu and Pb intakes, furthermore the Na-uptake always lower and the Cd-uptake mostly higher. Except for - especially towards the end of the experiment - very high Zn-contents in the grass of the parabrown earth and the podsol (up to 216 ppm) the heavy metal contents did not exceed the optima or the level of only minerally fertilized plants.
Description of key information
Only one study derived a NOEC: In a one year test with a type A zeolite in Lolium perenne and Lolium italicum 4 g/kg soil dw. formed this threshold for both plants.
In other experimental studies no NOECs were determined, but significant effects on emergence and growth of Avena sativa, Raphanus sativus, and Lepidium sativum were shown. In these studies only LC50 and EC50 values were determined. The most sensitive value was seen with the a type A zeolite on Raphanus sativus, EC50(growth): 4 g/kg soil (dw.). Other EC50 values range between 5 and 15 g/kg soil (dw.). Therefore, the NOEC derived for the type A zeolite seems to be adequate for zeolites in general.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
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