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EC number: 272-186-3 | CAS number: 68783-12-0 A complex combination of hydrocarbons produced from the distillation of naphtha streams from various refinery processes. It consists of hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly in the range of C5 through C12 and boiling in the range of approximately 0°C to 230°C (25°F to 446°F).
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Effects on fertility
Effect on fertility: via oral route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on fertility: via inhalation route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 20 000 mg/m³
- Study duration:
- chronic
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- supporte by 3 screenig studies with low boiling point naphthas
Effect on fertility: via dermal route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
The toxicology studies in animals revealed no effects of gasoline on reproductive system development or function at levels>20,000 mg/m3, the highest levels tested. Similarly, reproductive toxicity screening tests of several naphtha blending stocks were also without effect at levels>25000 mg/m3, the highest levels tested. The data do not provide a basis for classification, and there is no need for additional reproductive toxicity studies to be conducted. When there was evidence of systemic toxicity as evidenced by reduced weight gain and/or specific organ effects, these tended to be in the range of 20,000 mg/m3with overall no effect levels being>10,000 mg/m3. Thus these data are very consistent with the results of subchronic toxicity studies reported previously.
Short description of key information:
Reproductive toxicity - NOAEL > 24700 mg/m3 for rat (OECD TG 421)
Justification for selection of Effect on fertility via inhalation route:
well conducted 2-generation study by inhalation
Effects on developmental toxicity
Description of key information
Developmental toxicity - maternal and developmental NOAEL = 23900 mg/m3 (OECD TG 414)
Developmental toxicity - reproductive/developmental NOAEL > 20,000 mg/m3 (half the lower explosive limit) (OECD TG 416)
Effect on developmental toxicity: via oral route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on developmental toxicity: via inhalation route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 23 900 mg/m³
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
Effect on developmental toxicity: via dermal route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 500 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
Additional information
Several developmental toxicity studies of gasoline have been carried out in the rat, and two recent studies were consistent with the most current regulatory guidelines. These studies provided little evidence of developmental toxicity; more specifically, the frequency of malformation was not increased, and there was no evidence of fetal toxicity or lethality. The overall no adverse effect levels in these studies were 20000 – 24000 mg/m3, the highest levels tested. Studies with naphtha blending stocks provided similar data. These studies were conducted in accordance with current regulatory protocols, and the data can be used without restriction. No additional testing is necessary. The data do not provide a basis for classification for developmental toxicity.
Justification for selection of Effect on developmental toxicity: via inhalation route:
one of four well conducted studies with low boiling point naphthas
Justification for selection of Effect on developmental toxicity: via dermal route:
one of four well conducted studies
Justification for classification or non-classification
The studies followed regulatory protocols and were in accordance with good laboratory practice guidelines. Thus the data can be used without restrictions for regulatory purposes. The data do not provide a basis for classification, and there is no need for additional reproductive toxicity studies to be conducted.
It should be noted that, although the data do not support classification of gasoline per se for reproductive toxicity potential according to EU CLP Regulation (EC No. 1272/2008), there is a regulatory requirement to classify as reprotoxic gasoline and naphtha streams containing >3% toluene and/or n-hexane.
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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