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EC number: 248-778-2 | CAS number: 28016-00-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Ecotoxicological Summary
Administrative data
Hazard for aquatic organisms
Freshwater
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 4 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 50
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
- PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases):
- 2.3 µg/L
Marine water
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 0.4 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 500
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
STP
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC STP
- PNEC value:
- 10 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Sediment (freshwater)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 25.43 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Sediment (marine water)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 2.54 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for air
Air
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Hazard for terrestrial organisms
Soil
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC soil
- PNEC value:
- 10.1 mg/kg soil dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for predators
Secondary poisoning
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC oral
- PNEC value:
- 22.2 mg/kg food
- Assessment factor:
- 90
Additional information
In a semi-static daphnia reproduction study (OECD 211) on a structural analog, daphnids were exposed during 21 days at loading rates of 0, 0.46, 1.0, 2.2, 4.6 and 10 mg/L (WAF). Mean measured concentrations were NA, 0.0052, 0.17, 0.14, 0.20 and 0.28 mg/L. Effects on growth were reported at a loading rate of 2.2 mg/L. The NOEL for reproduction and mortality were 4.6 and 10 mg/L(expressed as loading rate). The starting concentration for risk assessment is 0.20 mg/L. AF (Assessment factor) of 50 is applied to derive the PNECwater based on the availability of the algae study and the daphnia reporduction study. Thus, PNECwater is 4 µg/L. For lacking the toxicity data for marine water organisms and AF of 500 is applied to derive PNECsaltwater. Thus, the PNECsaltwater is 0.4 µg/L. The short-term toxicity data of the three trophic levels for fresh water were available and showed no effects at the water solubility level. Therefore starting point for the risk is the water solubility of 0.23 mg/L as derived. An AF of 100 is applied to derive PNECaqua (intermittent releases), thus PNECaqua (intermittent release) is 2.3 µg/L.
The NOECmicro-organism was 100 mg/L based on the active sludge respiration inhibition test. An AF of 10 is applied. Thus, the PNECstp is 10 mg/L.
As no data on sediment dwelling organisms and terrestrial organisms is available, EPM is applied to derive PNECsed, PNECmarine-sed and PNECsoil. Based on the available Koc, water solubility, molecular weight and vapour pressure, the PNECsed, PNECmarine-sed and PNECsoil are 11.7, 1.17 and 4.6 mg/kg dw respectively according to guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment chapter R.10.: characterisation of dose[concentration]-response for environment.
PNEC oral is derived based on the NOAEL of 100 mg/kg bw as derived from the 90-day toxicity study on a structural analog and applying an assessment factor of 90 and a conversion to food factor of 20 as outlined in the May 2008 version of Chapter R.10 of the REACH guidance documents. PNECoral = (100*20)/90 = 22.2 mg/kg food..
The VP of the substance is very low (0.00000001 Pa at 20 degree C), thus the very limited hazard for air is expected.
Conclusion on classification
In none of the acute aquatic toxicity tests performed on fish, daphnia and algae, an LC50 or EC50 could be achieved within limits of solubility. Likewise, the NOAEC in a chronic study with Daphnia magna was found to be 0.2 mg/L and, for Algae, 1.2 mg/L. Thus, effects on all three trophic levels is considered above water solubility and no classification for acute aquatic toxicity is derived according to CLP (Regulation EC No 1272/2008). Although the log of n-octanol/water partitioning coefficient was > 6.5, the molecular size is > 19A, thus hampering passage of the biomembranes. A valid BCF QSAR showed that the BCF is expected to be < 2000. Therefore the substance is not expected to bioaccumulate. Thus, the substance is also not classifiable for chronic aquatic toxicity according to CLP.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.

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