Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 249-649-3 | CAS number: 29461-14-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2016-10-21 to 2016-11-29
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Adopted 2006, corrected 2011
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations tested: undiluted filtrate, 1:3.2, 1:10, 1:32, 1:100 dilutions. The lowest dilution, 1:320, were not analyzed as this concentration was below NOEC.
- Sampling time: at start (0h) and at end of experiment (72h)
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: deep-frozen at -20°C immediately after sampling. The samples are thawed for 1 h at room temperature. After phase seperation, the organic phase was analysed by GC-FID. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method:
On day 0: 232 mg in 2320 mL test water mixed intensively for 3 h at room temperature
After stirring emulsion was sieved over 0.45 µm membrane filter (Whatman NC45).
Precautions during filtering:
The filter was pre-conditioned with filtrate to avoid loss of dissolved item due to adsorption.
A negative pressure was applied on the filtration unit to avoid losses of the volatile test item.
Further dilution of the undiluted filtrate: 1:3.2, 1:10, 1:32, 1:100, 1:320 - Test organisms (species):
- Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Former name: Selenastrum capricornutum
- Strain: 61.81 SAG
- Source: Collection of Algal Cultures, SAG, Institute for plant physiology, University of Göttingen, Germany
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): inoculum culture set up 4 days before start of exposure. Algae were in exponential growth phase.
- Method of cultivation: same as the test conditions
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: No
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test): synthetic test water AAP medium - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Remarks:
- AAP medium
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Hardness:
- 0.15 mmol/L
- Test temperature:
- 23°C
- pH:
- 7.5
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- The geometric mean test item concentrations corresponding to the following treatments: dilution 1:320, dilution 1:100, dilution 1:32, dilution 1:10, dilution 1:3.2 and undiluted filtrate are respectively: 'not analysed (below NOEC)', 0.17, 0.51, 2.0, 5.6 and 19 mg/L.
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type: tightly sealed with glass stopper
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume:
Sample volume: 60 mL
No headspace
- Initial cells density:
- Control end cells density: 5000 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes, AAP
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: 7.5 using NaOH
- Photoperiod: continuous
- Light intensity and quality: LED light, 68 μE s-1 m-2
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
- Determination of cell concentrations: fluorescence measurement. Daily measurements of the biomass. Measurements were performed in duplicate.
- Other: shape and size of the algal cells were visually inspected.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3.2
Range finding study
- Test concentrations: undiluted filtrate, 1:10 and 1:100 dilution
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:
inhibition after 72h (average growth rate) was: 1.2 % for 1:100 dilution, 3.8% for 1:10 dilution and 63% in the undiluted filtrate - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate, tested twice per year.
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 4.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI: 4.1-4.7 mg/L
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 9.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI: 9.1-10 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.51 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 1.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI: 1.3-1.6 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 4.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI: 4.1-4.5 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.17 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.51 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): none observed
- Unusual cell shape: not observed - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Results with reference substance valid? yes
- EC50: 0.9 mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The 72-hour EC10 and EC50 values for the inhibition of average growth rate and yield and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated by Probit Analysis using linear maximum likelihood regression.
For the determination of the LOEC and NOEC, the average growth rate and yield at the test concentrations were compared to the control values by the Williams t-test or Welch t-test where appropriate.
Statistical analysis was performed using ToxRat Professional® . - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The impact of the test item on the growth of freshwater algae was assessed according to OECD 201 in a 72h static test. The growth rate ErC50 and ErC10 were determined to be 9.5 mg/L and 4.4 mg/L, respectively (measured, geometric mean).
- Executive summary:
The impact of the test item on the growth of the freshwater green algal Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was investigated in a 72 -hour static test according to OECD 201. As the substance is supposed to be volatile, the test was performed in a closed system without headspace.
Due to the low water solubility of the test item, the test media were prepared following the filtration method: The test item was mixed in test water at a loading rate of 100 mg/L, and was intensively stirred for 3 hours. After stirring the emulsion was filtered through a 0.45 µm membrane filter. The undiluted filtrate and the dilutions 1:3.2, 1:10, 1:32, 1:100 and 1:320 of the filtrate were used as test media.
The concentrations of the undiluted filtrate and the different dilutions were measured at the start (0 h) and at the end (72 h) of the test. During the test period of 72 hours, the test item concentrations decreased to 63 to 96 % of the initially measured concentrations. Due to the decrease of concentrations, the biological results were related to the mean measured test item concentrations calculated as the geometric means of the concentrations measured at the start and the end of the test.
Reference
The test solution concentrations were assessed at start and end of the experiment:
Treatment | Measured concentrations (mg/L) | Geometric mean measured concentration (mg/L) | |
0h | 72h | ||
Dilution 1:320 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
Dilution 1:100 | 0.2 | 0.15 | 0.17 |
Dilution 1:32 | 0.52 | 0.5 | 0.51 |
Dilution 1:10 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 2 |
Dilution 1:3.2 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5.6 |
Undiluted filtrate (100 mg/L loading rate) | 20 | 18 | 19 |
During the test period of 72 hours, the test item concentrations decreased to 63 to 96 % of the initially measured concentrations.
Due to the decrease of concentrations, the biological results were related to the mean measured test item concentrations calculated as the geometric means of the concentrations measured at the start and the end of the test.
The growth rate (µ) was assessed:
Treatment | Geometric mean measured concentration (mg/L) | Time frame | |||||
0-24h | 0-48h | 0-72h | |||||
µ | Ir(%) | µ | Ir(%) | µ | Ir(%) | ||
Control | - | 1.404 | 0.00 | 1.623 | 0.00 | 1.658 | 0.00 |
Dilution 1:320 | n.a. | 1.280 | 8.90 | 1.649 | -1.60 | 1.667 | -0.60 |
Dilution 1:100 | 0.17 | 1.271 | 9.50 | 1.642 | -1.20 | 1.657 | 0.00 |
Dilution 1:32 | 0.51 | 1.410 | -0.40 | 1.541 | 5.10 | 1.632 | 1.60 |
Dilution 1:10 | 2 | 1.576 | -12.20 | 1.540 | 5.10 | 1.588 | 4.20 |
Dilution 1:3.2 | 5.6 | 1.048 | 25.14 | 1.322 | 18.50 | 1.347 | 18.70 |
Undiluted filtrate (100 mg/L loading rate) | 19 | 0.432 | 69.30 | 0.309 | 80.90 | 0.206 | 87.60 |
The yield (Y) was assessed:
Treatment | Geometric mean measured concentration (mg/L) | Time frame | |||||
0-24h | 0-48h | 0-72h | |||||
Y | Iy(%) | Y | Iy(%) | Y | Iy(%) | ||
Control | - | 1.8 | 0.00 | 13.7 | 0.0 | 79.7 | 0.0 |
Dilution 1:320 | n.a. | 1.5 | 17.80 | 14.4 | -5.6 | 81.9 | -2.8 |
Dilution 1:100 | 0.17 | 1.4 | 19.60 | 14.2 | -4.1 | 79.4 | 0.3 |
Dilution 1:32 | 0.51 | 1.7 | 2.20 | 11.5 | 15.6 | 73.6 | 7.6 |
Dilution 1:10 | 2 | 2.1 | -19.70 | 11.5 | 15.9 | 64.4 | 19.1 |
Dilution 1:3.2 | 5.6 | 1.0 | 41.40 | 7.2 | 47.0 | 31.0 | 61.0 |
Undiluted filtrate (100 mg/L loading rate) | 19 | 0.3 | 82.80 | 0.5 | 96.5 | 0.5 | 99.4 |
Description of key information
For this endpoint, one study assessing the impact of the test item on the growth of freshwater algae is available. The study was conducted according to OECD 201 in a 72h static test. The algae, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, were exposed to the undiluted filtrate (100 mg/L loading rate) and the dilutions 1:3.2, 1:10, 1:32, 1:100 and 1:320. The 72h growth rate ErC50 and the ErC10 were determined to be 9.5 mg/L and 4.4 mg/L, respectively (measured, geometric mean).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 9.5 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 4.4 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.

EU Privacy Disclaimer
This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our websites.