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EC number: 203-074-4 | CAS number: 103-05-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 03 Aiugust - 16 November 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 017
- Report date:
- 2017
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-methyl-4-phenylbutan-2-ol
- EC Number:
- 203-074-4
- EC Name:
- 2-methyl-4-phenylbutan-2-ol
- Cas Number:
- 103-05-9
- Molecular formula:
- C11H16O
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-methyl-4-phenylbutan-2-ol
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: Yinghai (Cangzhou) Aroma Chemical Company Ltd.;CP008-170101
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 30-06-2018
- Purity: 99.7%
Method
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- other: S. typhimurium TA1535, TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Sodium phenobarbitone and β-naphthoflavone-induced rat liver S9
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Preliminary test: 5000, 4000, 3000, 2000, 1000, 500, 250 and 125 µg/plate
Plate incorporation method (Experiment 1): 4000, 1000, 400, 100 and 40 µg/plate
Pre-incubation method (Experiment 2): 2000, 600, 200, 60 and 20 µg/plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used:DMSO
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle:Dimethyl Phenylethyl Carbinol found to be miscible in DMSO at a concentration of 50 mg/ml. No precipitation was observed in any reaction mixture at the concentrations from 2.38 to 0.059 mg/ml corresponding to final test concentrations from 5000 to 125 µg/plate. Hence 5000 µg/plate showing no precipitation was the highest concentration selected for the preliminary cytotoxicity study
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 2-acetylaminofluorene
- 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide
- sodium azide
- other: Without S9:3-Methylmethane sulphonate -TA100 and TA102; ICR191 - TA97a With S9: 2-Aminoanthracene - TA1535
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: iin agar (plate incorporation); preincubation;
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 20 mins
- Expression time: 67 hours for Experiment No. 1 and 72 hours for Experiment No. 2.
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: Background lawn reduction - Evaluation criteria:
- 1. Criteria for a Positive Response
A test item is considered to be positive (mutagenic), if it induces a concentration dependent increase and/or a reproducible increase at one or more concentrations in the number of revertant colonies per plate, in at least one strain with or without metabolic activation system, which is at least 2-fold (3-fold for TA1535) of that observed in the corresponding concurrent vehicle control.
2. Criteria for a Negative Response
A test item for which the results do not meet the above criteria is considered non-mutagenic in this test. In order a substance considered to be negative if the revertant colonies cannot be greater than 2 (or 3 for strain TA 1535), or less than 0.5 in at least 5 doses for all strains tested. However, reproducibility of negative results was confirmed by repeat experimentation.
3. Criteria for an Equivocal Response
Occasionally, a test item cannot be judged to be positive or negative (e.g., concentration dependent increases that fail to reach 2-fold (3-fold for TA1535) control values, or 2-fold (3-fold for TA1535) increases that do not appear to be concentration dependent). In these rare instances, the results may be classified as equivocal. Equivocal or weak positive results may indicate the need to repeat the test, possibly with a modified study plan such as appropriate spacing of dose levels.
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- other: S. typhimurium TA1535, TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102
- Remarks:
- Experiment 1
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- other: S. typhimurium TA1535, TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102
- Remarks:
- Experiment 2
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not examined
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS
- Precipitation: DMPEC found to be miscible in DMSO at a concentration of 50 mg/ml. No precipitation was observed in any reaction mixture at the concentrations from 2.38 to 0.059 mg/ml corresponding to final test concentrations from 5000 to 125 µg/plate (Appendix 4).
RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES:
Before commencing the study, the test item was assessed for cytotoxicity to the tester bacteria using tester strain TA100. Eight concentrations (5000, 4000, 3000, 2000, 1000, 500, 250 and 125 µg/plate) of the test item, formulated in dimethyl sulphoxide, were tested for toxicity to bacterial cells.
Plate Incorporation Method
Slight cytotoxicity was observed to the bacterial background lawn at the concentrations of 5000 and 4000 µg/plate, in the absence of metabolic activation. Moderate cytotoxicity was observed to the bacterial background lawn at the concentration of 5000 µg/plate, whereas slight cytotoxicity was observed at 4000 µg/plate in the presence of metabolic activation. Hence, 4000 µg/plate was selected as the maximum test concentration for the main study in both the presence and absence of metabolic activation.
Pre Incubation Method
Severe cytotoxicity was observed to the bacterial background lawn at concentrations of 3000 to 5000 µg/plate, slight cytotoxicity was observed at the concentration of 2000 µg/plate in the absence of metabolic activation. Severe cytotoxicity was observed to the bacterial background lawn at concentrations of 5000 and 4000 µg/plate, significant (very thin lawn) cytotoxicity was observed at the concentration of 3000 µg/plate and no cytotoxicity was observed from 2000 to 125 µg/plate in the presence of metabolic activation. Hence 2000 µg/plate was selected as the maximum test concentration for the main study in both the presence and absence of metabolic activation.
HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA (with ranges, means and standard deviation)
- Positive historical control data: Concurrent positive controls demonstrated sensitivity of the assay with and without metabolic activation (Appendix 6).
- Negative (solvent/vehicle) historical control data: Plate counts for the spontaneous histidine revertant colonies in the vehicle control groups were found to be within the frequency ranges expected from the laboratory historical control data at INTOX PVT. LTD (Appendix 6).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions described for this study, it is concluded that DMPEC is non-mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102 and TA1535 in the presence and absence of sodium phenobarbitone and β-naphthoflavone-induced rat liver S9 metabolic activation.
- Executive summary:
In a reverse gene mutation assay in bacteria (16937), strains of S. typhimurium TA1535, TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102 were exposed to DMPEC (99.7%) in DMSO at concentrations of 4000, 1000, 400, 100, 40 and 0 μg/plate (direct plate incorporation; experiment 1) and 2000, 600, 200, 60, 20 and 0 μg/plate (20 minute pre-incubation; experiment 2) in the presence and absence of mammalian metabolic activation (Sodium phenobarbitone and β-naphthoflavone-induced rat liver S9).
DMPEC was tested up to the limit concentration (5000 µg/plate). The positive controls induced the appropriate responses in the corresponding strains. There was no evidence of induced mutant colonies over background.
This study is classified as acceptable. This study satisfies the requirement for Test Guideline OECD 471 for in vitro mutagenicity (bacterial reverse gene mutation) data.
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