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EC number: 268-594-6 | CAS number: 68130-51-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 09. Apr. 2018 to 13. Apr. 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals No. 201, adopted 23. Mar. 2006, Annex 5 corrected: 28 July 2011 “Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test”
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See "Any other information" for details
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Regulation (EU) No. 2016/266 amending Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008, Annex IV, Method C.3: “FRESHWATER ALGAE AND CYANOBACTERIA, GROWTH INHIBITION TEST,” adopted 07. December 2015
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- No further details specified in the study report.
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples taken from each mixture prepared.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- A water-accommodated fraction (WAF) was prepared for the test. This was done by mixing the nominal loads 1 / 3.2 / 10 / 32 / 100 mg/L resp. 1.01 / 3.23 / 10.10 / 32.32 / 101.01 μL/L test item (based on a density of 0.99 g/mL stated in the MSDS from the sponsor) with the corresponding amount of algal medium (demineralised water enriched with minerals but without algae) and stirring moderately for 24 hours. The lower phase was used unfiltered as test solutions.
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- Unicellular freshwater green alga.
Genus: Desmodesmus
Species: subspicatus
SAG Strain Number: 86.81
Taxonomic position: Chlorophyta - Chlorophyceae
Origin and Culture
The culture of Desmodesmus subspicatus was obtained in January 2016 by MBM Sciencebridge GmbH (Institut für Pflanzenphysiologie of Universität Göttingen). The algae are kept as stock culture on solid agar at 2 - 8 °C. From the stock culture, a permanent culture was prepared. From an aliquot of the permanent culture, the pre-culture was prepared. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No post exposure observation period specified.
- Hardness:
- Not specified
- Test temperature:
- 21.8 – 23.5 °C
- pH:
- 7.7 - 8.4
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not specified
- Salinity:
- Not applicable - freshwater study
- Conductivity:
- Not specified
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1 / 3.2 / 10 / 32 / 100 mg/L nominal concentrations.
The concentrations were based on non GLP pre-tests. - Details on test conditions:
- Pre-Culture
Four days before the start of each test, an aliquot of the permanent culture was brought into nutrient medium and incubated under continuous lighting for 96 hours under test conditions. The resulting culture grew exponentially.
Before usage, the pre-culture was checked for the absence of cell aggregates and the cell number of culture was determined.
Performance of the Study
For each treatment, 200 mL of the respective test item solution was mixed with the necessary amount of algal pre-culture (0.363 mL) to achieve a cell concentration of 2.4*103 cells/mL. For the blank control, 350 mL nutrient medium was used instead of test item solution and mixed with the necessary amount of algal pre-culture (0.635 mL).
The real cell concentration at the beginning of the test was measured with an electronic particle counter in the blank control solution. This measured value was used as start cell concentration for all replicates.
From these mixtures samples for the analytical determination were taken, afterwards the pH-value was measured.
The test vessels were filled with 45 ± 1 mL of the respective test solution and incubated open (covered with perforated plastic foil acting as a stopper) for 72 hours, shaken on an orbital shaker to keep the algae in suspension. Before the start of incubation and every 24 ±1 hours, the cell number was determined with an electronic particle counter. After the test, the pH value in treatments and blank control was measured again.
At the end of the test, the treatments were examined microscopically in order to assess the appearance of the algae and detect abnormalities (e.g. caused by the exposure to the test item).
The content of DOC in the test vessels was measured at the start and at the end of the test.
Experimental Conditions
Date: 10. – 13. Apr. 2018
Treatments tested: 1 / 3.2 / 10 / 32 / 100 mg/L nominal concentration
The concentrations were based on non GLP pre-tests.
Number of replicates: 6 replicates for the blank control; 3 replicates for each treatment
Vessels: glass flasks, total volume 65 mL
Duration: 72 hours
Lighting: 5000 lux
Temperature: 21.8 – 23.5 °C
Replicates (Blank control): 45 ±1 mL algal medium and algae
Replicates (Treatments): 45 ±1 mL test solution and algae - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 (CAS No. 7778-50-9)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: growth rate & yield
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: grwoth rate & yield
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: grwoth rate & yield
- Details on results:
- One valid experiment was performed.
The study was performed using 5 concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 mg/L. Incubation time (test system Desmodesmus subspicatus) was 72 hours. The cell concentration of each replicate was determined by measuring the cell numbers every 24 hours with an electronic particle counter. Growth rate μ and the yield were determined from the cell number at the respective observation times.
Significant inhibition of algal growth was observed at the following concentrations:
32 – 100 mg/L (nominal)
In treatment 3.2 mg/L, flocculation of the algae or precipitation could be be detected in the form of turbidity. Therefore, measurement of the cell numbers was biased and the calculated inhibition was faulty. Therefore, this treatment is not used for evaluation.
At the start and at the end of the test, the content of the test item in the test solutions was estimated by determination of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content in the test solutions using a carbon analyser.
Since the measured concentrations are in the same very low range as the blank control, the nominal values are used for statistical evaluation. Since the used test solutions were not filtered after stirring, and inhibition of algal growth was observed in the 2 highest concentrations the test item must have been present in the test solution.
Because inhibition of algal growth was only slight, only the range can be specified for the ECx calues, with the exception of the EC10 for the endpoint yield.
The 72h-EC50 values of potassium dichromate were determined in a separate reference test. For the estimation of the 72h-EC50 values of the positive control, the fits showed sufficient statistical correspondence of the data with the dose-response-equation. The values were within the range of the laboratory.
The pH of the blank control should not fluctuate by more than 1.5 units. The change was 0.2 units in the blank control.
All validity criteria were met.
No observations were made which might cause doubts concerning the validity of the study outcome. The result of the test can be considered valid. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 72h-EC50 values of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7, CAS No. 7778-50-9) were determined in a separate reference test. The values lay within the range of the laboratory (growth rate 0.73 - 1.10 mg/L, yield 0.21 – 0.66 mg/L).
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Calculation of results was performed with the help of validated software (Microsoft Excel ®). The estimation of the biological data was accomplished using the software ToxRat® Professional, version 3.2.1. Since the measured concentration is in the same very low range as the blank control, the nominal values are used for statistical evaluation.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The following results for the test item Hatcol 1570 were determined:
Endpoint NOEC LOEC EC10 EC50
Growth Rate 10 mg/L 32 mg/L > 100 mg/L > 100 mg/L
Yield 10 mg/L 32 mg/L 33.07 mg/L > 100 mg/L - Executive summary:
Determination of the toxicity of Hatcol 1570 against Desmodesmus subspicatus according to OECD 201 resp. EU C.3
Findings and Results:
One valid experiment was performed.
The study was performed using 5 concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 mg/L nominal concentration.
Incubation time (test system Desmodesmus subspicatus) was 72 hours. The cell concentration of each replicate was determined by measuring the cell numbers every 24 hours with an electronic particle counter. Growth rate μ and the yield were determined from the cell number at the respective observation times.
Significant inhibition of algal growth was observed at the following concentrations:
32 – 100 mg/L (nominal)
In treatment 3.2 mg/L, flocculation of the algae or precipitation could be detected in the form of turbidity. Therefore, measurement of the cell numbers was biased and the calculated inhibition was faulty. Therefore, this treatment was not used for evaluation.
At the start and at the end of the test, the content of the test item in the test solutions was estimated by determination of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content in the test solutions using a carbon analyser.
Since the measured concentrations are in the same very low range as the blank control, the nominal values are used for statistical evaluation. Since the used test solutions were not filtered after stirring, and inhibition of algal growth was observed in the 2 highest concentrations, the test item must have been present in the test solution.
Because inhibition of algal growth was only slight, only the range can be specified for the ECx values, with the exception of the EC10 for the endpoint yield.
The 72h-EC50 values of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7, CAS No. 7778-50-9) were determined in a separate reference test. The values lay within the range of the laboratory (growth rate 0.73 - 1.10 mg/L, yield 0.21 – 0.66 mg/L).
The following results for the test item Hatcol 1570 were determined:
Results of the test item
Endpoint
NOEC
LOEC
EC10
EC50
Growth Rate
10 mg/L
32 mg/L
> 100 mg/L
> 100 mg/L
Yield
10 mg/L
32 mg/L
33.07 mg/L
> 100 mg/L
Reference
Exact loads for the preparation of the water-accommodated fractions
Nominal concentration in mg/L |
Read load in mg/L |
1 |
0.99 |
3.2 |
3.17 |
10 |
10 |
32 |
32 |
100 |
100 |
Biological Results of K2Cr2O7
Parameter |
Value |
95% confidence interval |
72 h ErC50 |
0.90 mg/L |
0.77 – 1.1 mg/L |
72 h EyC50 |
0.42 mg/L |
0.35 – 0.51 mg/L |
Cell Number/mL
Nominal Concentration in mg/L |
Parameter |
Cell Number/mL |
|||
0 h |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
||
Blank control |
Mean |
2440 |
10203 |
64143 |
325323 |
Blank control |
SD |
0 |
694 |
3600 |
20124 |
1 |
Mean |
2440 |
8107 |
49300 |
298313 |
1 |
SD |
0 |
833 |
3721 |
29284 |
3.2 |
Mean |
2440 |
7520 |
36993 |
181953 |
3.2 |
SD |
0 |
1576 |
6207 |
29596 |
10 |
Mean |
2440 |
9587 |
59333 |
310407 |
10 |
SD |
0 |
383 |
2832 |
18522 |
32 |
Mean |
2440 |
10180 |
57713 |
286200 |
32 |
SD |
0 |
701 |
1769 |
6017 |
100 |
Mean |
2440 |
8167 |
43560 |
235140 |
100 |
SD |
0 |
491 |
7337 |
36512 |
Treatment 3.2 mg/L was not used for evaluation due to flocculation or precipitation
SD = Standard Deviation
Light Intensity
|
0 h |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
Light intensity [Lux] |
5000 |
5000 |
5000 |
5000 |
pH values
Nominal Concentration in mg/L |
0 h |
72 h |
Blank control |
7.7 |
7.9 |
1 |
7.7 |
7.8 |
3.2 |
7.8 |
8.1 |
10 |
7.7 |
8.4 |
32 |
7.7 |
8.3 |
100 |
7.7 |
8.2 |
Microscopical Observations
Nominal Concentration in mg/L |
Normal and Healthy Appearance of the Algae |
Blank control |
Yes |
1 |
Yes |
3.2 |
Yes |
10 |
Yes |
32 |
Yes |
100 |
Yes |
Measured Concentrations IC and TC
Nominal Concentration Test Item |
Measured TC t = 0 h |
Measured TC t = 72 h |
Measured IC t = 0 h |
Measured IC t = 72 h |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
Blank control |
7.29 |
6.52 |
6.84 |
5.62 |
1 |
7.28 |
6.52 |
6.69 |
5.74 |
3.2 |
7.44 |
6.85 |
7.02 |
6.10 |
10 |
7.42 |
6.39 |
7.00 |
5.06 |
32 |
7.67 |
6.74 |
7.04 |
5.89 |
100 |
7.80 |
7.11 |
7.05 |
6.12 |
LOQ (Limit of Quantification) TC = 5.43 mg/L
LOQ (Limit of Quantification) IC = 2.03 mg/L
Measured Concentrations DOC
Nominal Concentration Test Item |
Measured DOC (TC-IC) t = 0 h |
Measured DOC (TC-IC) t = 72 h |
Measured DOC minus blank control t = 0 h |
Measured DOC minus blank control t = 72 h |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
Blank control |
0.45 |
0.90 |
-- |
-- |
1 |
0.59 |
0.79 |
0.14 |
-0.12 |
3.2 |
0.42 |
0.5 |
-0.02 |
-0.15 |
10 |
0.42 |
1.33 |
-0.02 |
0.43 |
32 |
0.63 |
0.85 |
0.19 |
-0.05 |
100 |
0.75 |
1.00 |
0.30 |
0.09 |
Calculated Test Item Concentrations
Nominal Concentration Test Item |
Calculated Concentration t = 0 h |
Calculated Concentration t = 72 h |
% of Nominal concentration t = 0 h |
% of Nominal concentration t = 72 h |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
Blank control |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1 |
0.2 |
-0.2 |
23 |
-18 |
3.2 |
0.0 |
-0.2 |
-1 |
-7 |
10 |
0.0 |
0.7 |
0 |
7 |
32 |
0.3 |
-0.1 |
1 |
0 |
100 |
0.5 |
0.1 |
0 |
0 |
Growth Rate μ, Yield
Nominal Concentration in mg/L |
Parameter |
Growth Rate (0-72 h) [day-1] |
Yield (0-72 h) [Cell Concentration/mL] |
Blank control |
Mean |
1.63 |
322883 |
SD |
0.02 |
20124 |
|
1 |
Mean |
1.60 |
295873 |
SD |
0.03 |
29284 |
|
3.2 |
Mean |
1.43 |
179513 |
SD |
0.05 |
29596 |
|
10 |
Mean |
1.61 |
307967 |
SD |
0.02 |
18522 |
|
32 |
Mean |
1.59 |
283760 |
SD |
0.01 |
6017 |
|
100 |
Mean |
1.52 |
232700 |
SD |
0.05 |
36512 |
Treatment 3.2 mg/L was not used for evaluation due to flocculation or precipitation
SD = Standard Deviation
Inhibition Values
Nominal concentration in mg/L |
% Inhibition |
|
Growth Rate (0-72 h) |
Yield (0-72 h) |
|
Blank control |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1.8 |
8.4 |
10 |
1.0 |
4.6 |
32 |
2.6 |
12.1 |
100 |
6.8 |
27.9 |
Treatment 3.2 mg/L was not used for evaluation due to flocculation or precipitation
Description of key information
Results of the test item
Endpoint |
NOEC |
LOEC |
EC10 |
EC50 |
Growth Rate |
10 mg/L |
32 mg/L |
> 100 mg/L |
> 100 mg/L |
Yield |
10 mg/L |
32 mg/L |
33.07 mg/L |
> 100 mg/L |
No toxicity at the limit of solubility in water.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 100 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 10 mg/L
Additional information
One valid experiment was performed.
The study was performed using 5 concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 mg/L nominal concentration.
Incubation time (test system Desmodesmus subspicatus) was 72 hours. The cell concentration of each replicate was determined by measuring the cell numbers every 24 hours with an electronic particle counter. Growth rate μ and the yield were determined from the cell number at the respective observation times.
Significant inhibition of algal growth was observed at the following concentrations: 32 – 100 mg/L (nominal)
In treatment 3.2 mg/L, flocculation of the algae or precipitation could be detected in the form of turbidity. Therefore, measurement of the cell numbers was biased and the calculated inhibition was faulty. Therefore, this treatment was not used for evaluation.
Since the used test solutions were not filtered after stirring, and inhibition of algal growth was observed in the 2 highest concentrations, the test item must have been present in the test solution.
Because inhibition of algal growth was only slight, only the range can be specified for the ECx values, with the exception of the EC10 for the endpoint yield.
The following results for the test item Hatcol 1570 were determined:
Results of the test item
Endpoint |
NOEC |
LOEC |
EC10 |
EC50 |
Growth Rate |
10 mg/L |
32 mg/L |
> 100 mg/L |
> 100 mg/L |
Yield |
10 mg/L |
32 mg/L |
33.07 mg/L |
> 100 mg/L |
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