Paraquat-dichloride

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

Administrative data

Endpoint:

bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

09 April 1985 to 10 August 1985

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study without detailed documentation

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1985

Report date:

1985

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Bioaccumulation test of a chemical substance in fish or shellfish in Notice on the Test Method Concerning New Chemical Substances (Japan)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Paraquat-dichloride

EC Number:

217-615-7

EC Name:

Paraquat-dichloride

Cas Number:

1910-42-5

Molecular formula:

C12H14N2.2Cl

IUPAC Name:

1,1’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridyldiylium dichloride

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Name: N,N’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridinium dichloride
CAS # 1910-42-5
Purity ≥97%

Radiolabelling:

no

Sampling and analysis

Details on sampling:

Test medium was regularly sampled after 2, 3, 4 and 6 weeks of exposure. Sampling of fish tissues is not described.

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation of test solutions, spiked fish food or sediment:

Not specified

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Cyprinus carpio

Details on test organisms:

Not specified

Study design

Route of exposure:

aqueous

Justification for method:

aqueous exposure method used for following reason: water solubility >10 g/L

Test type:

flow-through

Water / sediment media type:

natural water: freshwater

Total exposure / uptake duration:

42 d

Test conditions

Hardness:

Not specified

Test temperature:

20 to 25 °C

pH:

Not specified

Dissolved oxygen:

Not specified

TOC:

Not specified

Details on test conditions:

Not specified

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0.2 and 2 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Lipid content

Lipid content:

4.7 %

Bioaccumulation factor

Bioaccumulation factor 1

Conc. / dose:

2 mg/L

Type:

BCF

Value:

<= 0.3 L/kg

Basis:

not specified

Bioaccumulation factor 2

Conc. / dose:

0.2 mg/L

Type:

BCF

Value:

<= 1.9 L/kg

Basis:

not specified

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The substance was found to not bioaccumulate in fish over an exposure period of six weeks.

Executive summary:

The bioaccumulation of the substance in fish was studied in the course of evaluation under the Japanese Chemical Substances Control Law according to the Japanese guideline on bioacumulation test of a chemical substance in fish or shellfish according to the Notice on the Test Method Concerning New Chemical Substances. Non-radiolabelled test substance of ≥97% purity was used in the test. The Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was used as the test species, and the average lipid content of the test fish was 4.7%. Fish were exposed under flow-through conditions to nominal concentrations of 0.2 and 2 mg/L, which were confirmed by a suitable analytical method (measured average concentrations were 0.191 and 2.05 mg/L) for a period of six weeks. The BCF values were ≤1.9 L/kg at 0.2 mg/L and ≤0.2 to 0.3 L/kg at 2 mg/L, demonstrating that the substance was not bioaccumulating in fish under the conditions of the study.