Titanium carbide

Particle size distribution (Granulometry)

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

particle size distribution (granulometry)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2021-06-22

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

ISO 13320:2009 “Particle size analysis – Laser diffraction methods”

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 13320 (Particle size analysis - Laser diffraction methods)

Version / remarks:

2009

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

Laser scattering/diffraction

Remarks:

Water as dispersion liquid

Type of distribution:

volumetric distribution

Percentile:

D10

Mean:

0.7 µm

Remarks on result:

other: applying Fraunhofer approximation, Urel +/- 14%

Percentile:

D50

Mean:

2.07 µm

Remarks on result:

other: applying Fraunhofer approximation, Urel +/- 4%

Percentile:

D90

Mean:

4.33 µm

Remarks on result:

other: applying Fraunhofer approximation, Urel +/- 8%

Mean diameters (distribution type: number) are for the same sample: D90 = 0.89 μm ± 8 % (Urel), D50 = 0.37 μm ± 4 % (Urel), D10 = 0.23 μm ± 14% (Urel).

Conclusions:

The following mean diameters (distribution type: volume) could be determined by laser diffraction analysis: D90 = 4.33 μm ± 8 % (Urel), D50 = 2.07 μm ± 4 % (Urel), D10= 0.70 μm ± 14 % (Urel).

Executive summary:

A guideline study according to ISO 13320:2009 (Particle size analysis - Laser diffraction methods) was conducted for determination of the particle size distribution of the test substance titanium carbide in water as dispersion medium. The following particle size distribution could be determined by laser diffraction analysis: D90 = 4.33 μm ± 8 % (Urel), D50 = 2.07 μm ± 4 % (Urel), D10= 0.70 μm ± 14 % (Urel).

Reference 2

Endpoint:

particle size distribution (granulometry)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

2011-10-17

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

comparable to guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: ISO 13320:2009

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The particle size distribution was determined by laser diffraction according to the guideline ISO 13320:2009 with the MasterSizer S. The technique of laser diffraction is based on the principle that particles passing through a laser beam will scatter light at an angle that is directly related to their size: large particles scatter at low angles, whereas small particles scatter at high angles. The laser diffraction is accurately described by the Fraunhofer approximation, with the assumption of spherical particle morphology.

GLP compliance:

no

Type of method:

Laser scattering/diffraction

Type of distribution:

volumetric distribution

Key result

Percentile:

D50

Mean:

2.13 µm

No.:

#1

Size:

0.57 µm

Distribution:

5 %

No.:

#2

Size:

0.76 µm

Distribution:

10 %

No.:

#3

Size:

0.94 µm

Distribution:

15 %

No.:

#4

Size:

1.11 µm

Distribution:

20 %

No.:

#5

Size:

1.27 µm

Distribution:

25 %

No.:

#6

Size:

1.44 µm

Distribution:

30 %

No.:

#7

Size:

1.6 µm

Distribution:

35 %

No.:

#8

Size:

2.13 µm

Distribution:

50 %

No.:

#9

Size:

4.34 µm

Distribution:

90 %

No.:

#10

Size:

7.72 µm

Distribution:

100 %

Conclusions:

The following mean diameters (distribution type: volume) could be determined:
D (v, 0.1) = 0.76 µm D (v, 0.5) = 2.13 µm D (v, 0.9) = 4.34 µm

Executive summary:

The granulometric properties of titanium carbide were analysed by the laser diffraction method according to ISO 13320:2009 (Particle size analysis - Laser diffraction methods). The particle size distribution was determined using the particle size analysator MastersizerS from Malvern Instruments. The following mean diameters (distribution type: volume) could be determined:
D (v, 0.1) = 0.76 µm D (v, 0.5) = 2.13 µm D (v, 0.9) = 4.34 µm

Description of key information

The following mean volume diameters were determined for titanium carbide:
D90 = 4.33 μm ± 8 % (Urel), D50 = 2.07 μm ± 4 % (Urel), D10= 0.70 μm ± 14 % (Urel).

Additional information

The laser diffraction test using water as dispersion liquid, performed in accordance to ISO 13320:2009 produced the following mean diameters of titanium carbide (distribution type: volume) by applying Fraunhofer approximation:

Thieleke_2021: D90 = 4.33 μm ± 8 % (Urel), D50 = 2.07 μm ± 4 % (Urel), D10= 0.70 μm ± 14 % (Urel).

In the Reach Certificate from 2011 the median values of particle size were in the same range:
Certificate Reach_2011: D90 = 4.34 µm, D50 = 2.13 µm, D10 = 0.76 µm