Sodium 1-amino-9,10-dihydro-4-[5-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulphamoyl]-3,4-xylidino]-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulphonate

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Remarks:

BOD

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1993

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 5815 (Water quality - Determination of Biochemical Oxygen Demand after 5 Days (BOD5) - Dilution and Seeding Method)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

(aerate over night after addition of the inoculum)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Code number: FAT - 20'033/H
EN/Batch number: 672001.29
Purity: 72 %
Appearance: Solid
Solubility: 80 g/L (in water)
Storage: room temperature
Expiration date: January 1984

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

other: Seeding water of an urban waste water

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Seeding water of an urban waste water

Duration of test (contact time):

5 d

Initial conc.:

6.5 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial conc.:

12.5 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial conc.:

25.1 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial conc.:

50.1 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial conc.:

100.3 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial conc.:

200.6 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial conc.:

401.1 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial conc.:

802.2 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Details on study design:

Temperature: 20 ± 1 °C
Duration: 5 d
Estimation Technique: O2 determination, measured with an oxygen sensitive electrode system: SYLAND (SAV: 00 107)
Suppression of nitrification: without suppression of nitrification

Reference substance:

other: D(+)-Glucose /L-Glutamic acid

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Details on results:

The BOD5 of the test substance corrected by the blank control is 0 mg O2/g. Further, the COD value was taken from an another experiment and was found to be 1416 mg O2/L. The % biodegradation was calculated using the below formula: BOD/COD*100.
Hence, the biodegradation of the test substance is 0 %.

Parameter:

BOD5

Value:

0 mg O2/g test mat.

Results with reference substance:

The BOD5 of glucose/glutamic acid solution is 205 mg O2/L.

BOD values of the oxygen measurements:

 

Substance	Test-concentration E = mg/L	Start mg O2/L T0	End mg O2/L T5	Blank mg O2/L B1	mg O2/g BOD5
Test substance	802.2	8.8 8.8	8.3 8.5	0.4 0.4	0 0
	401.1	8.8 8.8	8.4 8.5	0.4 0.4	0 0
	200.6	8.8 8.7	8.4 8.4	0.4 0.4	0 0
	100.3	8.8 8.7	8.4 8.5	0.4 0.4	0 0
	50.1	8.7 8.7	8.1 8.3	0.4 0.4	4 0
	25.1	8.7 8.7	8.3 8.4	0.4 0.4	0 0
	12.5	8.7 8.7	8.3 8.4	0.4 0.4	0 0
	6.5	8.7 8.7	8.3 8.4	0.4 0.4	0 0

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

other: BOD5 determined

Conclusions:

The BOD5 of the test substance corrected by the blank control was 0 mg O2/g.

Executive summary:

The biochemical oxygen demand of the test substance (of ca. 72 % purity) was determined by measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration before and after 5 d incubation at 20 °C at different concentrations diluted in water saturated with dissolved oxygen and containing a seed of microorganisms. The test was carried out according to ISO 5815 in compliance with GLP. The substance was tested at ca. 6 to 800 mg/L. The reference substance D(+)-Glucose / L-Glutamic acid was tested at a concentration of 20 mL/L. Under the study conditions, the BOD5 of the test substance corrected by the blank control was 0 mg O₂/g. Further, the COD value from another experiment was found to be 1416 mg O₂/L. The % biodegradation was calculated using the formula: BOD/COD*100. Hence, the biodegradation of the test substance was 0 %.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: screening test, other

Remarks:

Chemical Oxygen Demand

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1993

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.9 (Biodegradation: Zahn-Wellens Test)

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

A predetermined amount of the test substance dissolved in water is oxidized by potassium dichromate in a strong sulphuric acid medium with silver sulphate as a catalyst under reflux for 2 h.

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Code number: FAT - 20'033/H
EN/Batch number: 672001.29
Purity: 72 %
Appearance: Solid
Solubility: 80 g/L (in water)
Storage: room temperature
Expiration date: January 1984

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

not specified

Duration of test (contact time):

2 h

Initial conc.:

2.5 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Details on study design:

Sample weight: 2.5 mg of the test substance
Temperature: 148 ± 3 °C
Duration: 2 h
Estimation Technique: Titration (Potentiometric), METROHM Titroprozessor 670 (SAV : 00 111)

Reference substance:

other: Potassium hydrogen phthalate solution

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Details on results:

none

Parameter:

COD

Value:

1 416 mg O2/g test mat.

Results with reference substance:

The COD of the reference substance is 198 mg O2/L (Criteria: 200 ± 8 mg O2/L)

COD analytical data:

Product	Sample weight E(mg)	Titration (mL)			N =	mg O2/ g
		a	b	c
Normality				10.100 10.103	0.1188 0.1187 Ǿ : 0.1187
Blank		9.910 9.900 Ǿ : 9.905
Test substance	2.5 mg 2.5 mg		6.157 6.199			1424 1408  Ǿ :1416

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

other: COD determined

Conclusions:

The COD of the test substance was found to be 1416 mg O2/g.

Executive summary:

COD of FAT 2033/G was estimated according to method EEC Directive 94/449 (1984) Part C.9 (DEV H 41 -1) under GLP. A predetermined amount of test substance (of ca. 72 % purity) dissolved in water was oxidized by potassium dichromate in a strong sulphuric acid medium with silver sulphate as a catalyst under reflux for 2 h. The residual dichromate was determined by titration with standardized ferrous ammonium sulphate. The substance was tested at 2.5 mg/L. Under the study conditions, the COD of the test substance was 1416 mg O₂/g. Further, the BOD5 value from another experiment was found to be 0 mg O₂/L. The % biodegradation was calculated using the formula: BOD/COD*100. Hence, the biodegradation of the test substance was 0 %.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1993

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: ISO Method 8192 B

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Code number: FAT - 20033/H
EN/Batch number: 672001.29
Purity: 72 %
Appearance: Solid
Solubility: 80 g/L (in water)
Storage: room temperature
Expiration date: January 1984

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

sewage, predominantly domestic (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Sludge of a biological sewage treatment plant (ARA-Therwil) collected on 22.06.1993
- Amount: 1020 mg/L

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

150 mg/L

Based on:

DOC

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

DOC removal

Details on study design:

Water/nutrient: According to the Guideline
Temperature: 22.0 ± 3 °C (room temperature)
Test duration: 28 d
Lighting: Indirect daylight
Estimation technique: TOC/DOC analyzer / SHIMADZU TOC-500

Reference substance:

diethylene glycol

Preliminary study:

The mean value of preliminary test is 146.4 mg/L.

Test performance:

no data

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

3.1

Sampling time:

28 d

Details on results:

The bioelimination of the test substance measured as DOC after 28 d corrected by the blank control was 3.1 % (average of 2 tests running in parallel). Further, the adsorption after 3 h was 2.9 %.

Results with reference substance:

The bioelimination, corrected by the blank control and measured as DOC (mg/L) is 98.7 % 16th day.

Table:

		Reference			Substance
Timepoint	Date	Mean Value of the Reference DOC (mg/l)	Value of the Blank DOC (mg/l)	Elimination %	Mean Value of the Substance DOC (mg/l)	Value of the Blank DOC (mg/l)	Elimination %
-1 day	22.06.93	151.9	7.3	-	146.4	-	-
0	23.06.93	159.3	12.4	0	151.9	7.3	1.2
3 h	23.06.93	163.3	12.8	0.7	154.5	12.4	2.9
2 day	25.06.93	164.4	22.5	0.2	152.5	12.8	4.6
5 day	28.06.93	170.1	21.7	2.8	143.3	22.5	17.5
7 day	30.06.93	170.1	17.4	2.3	145.7	21.7	15.3
9 day	02.07.93	161.1	13.0	5.4	142.4	17.4	14.6
12 day	05.07.93	14.3	12.9	99.1	134.9	13.0	16.7
13 day	06.07.93	13.8	11.3	99.4	-	-	-
14 day	07.07.93	13.4	8.4	98.6	133.7	11.3	16.4
15 day	08.07.93	11.8	11.0	97.8	-	-	-
16 day	09.07.93	13.0	10.8	98.7	130.4	11.0	18.4
19 day	12.07.93	-	6.4	-	129.3	10.8	19.1
21 day	14.07.93	-	12.7	-	125.9	6.4	18.4
23 day	16.07.93	-	9.2	-	146.4		12.0
26 day	19.07.93	-	8.9	-	151.9		1.4
28 day	21.07.93	-	7.3	-	154.5		3.1

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

not inherently biodegradable

Conclusions:

The test substance was not considered to be inherently biodegradable.

Executive summary:

The inherent biodegradability of the test substance (of ca. 72 % purity) was determined in a 28 d Zahn-Wellens test according to OECD Guideline 302B and ISO Method 8192 B in compliance with GLP. The substance was tested at 150 mg/L DOC. The bioelimination of the test substance measured as DOC corrected by the blank control was 3.1 % (average of 2 tests running in parallel). Further, the adsorption after 3 h was 2.9 %. Under the study conditions, the test substance was not considered to be inherently biodegradable.

Description of key information

Acid Blue 277 is considered to be not readily biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Type of water:

freshwater

Additional information

The inherent biodegradability of FAT 20033/H (of ca. 72 % purity) was determined in a 28-days Zahn-Wellens test according to OECD Guideline 302B and ISO Method 8192 B in compliance with GLP. The substance was tested at 150 mg/L DOC. The bioelimination of the test substance measured as DOC corrected by the blank control was 3.1 % (average of 2 tests running in parallel). Further, the adsorption after 3 h was 2.9 %. Under the study conditions, the test substance was not considered to be inherently biodegradable.

The BOD5 of FAT 20033/H corrected by the blank control was 0 mg O₂/g. Further, the COD value from another experiment was found to be 1416 mg O₂/L. The biodegradation [%] was calculated using the formula: BOD/COD*100. Hence, the biodegradation of the test substance was 0 %.

Several supporting studies investigating Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and inherent biodegradability of Acid Blue 277 are available. The weight of evidence from these studies supports the conclusion that Acid Blue 277 is not readily biodegradable.