Diallyl phthalate

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

January 12, to February 6, 2003

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

modification in the preparation of the aqueous media

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

modification in the preparation of the aqueous media

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Sample storage conditions before analysis: -20°C for further analysis

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: dissolution
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): reconstituted water

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnid
- Strain: Daphnia magna
- Source: in-house laboratories
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): less than 24 hr old
- Culture conditions: reproduction by parthenogenesis

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test temperature:

21°C

pH:

7.8 - 7.9

Dissolved oxygen:

8.8- 8.9 (>98% of air saturation value)

Salinity:

Freshwater, not specified.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 0.10, 0.18, 0.32, 0.56, 1.0, 1.8, 3.2, 5.6 & 10 mg/l
Measured test concentrations ranged from 92% to 108% of nominal.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: polypropylene vessels
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed
- Aeration: no
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hr light/ 8 hr darkness with 20 min dawn and dusk transition periods


TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: approx. 1.8
- Range finding study: yes
- Test concentrations: 0.10, 1.0, 10 & 100 mg/l
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: number of immobilised Daphnia

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

5.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

dissolved

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95%CL: 4.8-6.4 mg/l

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

other: EC0

Effect conc.:

3.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

dissolved

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

other: EC0

Effect conc.:

10 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

dissolved

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 10 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

dissolved

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

Results of the definitive test were inconsistent with those of the range-finding test. This has been evaluted in the report. In addition, the immobility recorded after 24h at 1.0 and 10 mg/l in the range-finding test indicated a rather flat concentration-response curve. The results of the definitive test were more convincing, showing a more clear concentration-response relationship.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Instead of what is standard practise, no data were added on sensitivity of the daphnids by reporting the results of reference tests.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

EC50 calculation using the maximum likelihood probit analysis.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The acute toxicity of diallyl phthalate to the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna expressed as the 48h-EC50 was 5.5 mg/l, with 95%-confidence limits of 4.8 - 6.4 mg/l and no effect at 3.2 mg/l (EC0). Measured concentrations were in agreement with nominal.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Report of testing conducted in line with the provisional procedure proposed by the Federal Environmental Agency in Germany.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: German guideline (UBA)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

24 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

Pretest for a reproduction test

Post exposure observation period:

Not relevant

Hardness:

2.5 mmol/L expressed as total calcium carbonate

Test temperature:

Not indicated

pH:

8.0 +- 0.2

Dissolved oxygen:

Not indicated

Salinity:

Synthetic fresh water, salinity not specified.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Not specified

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

26 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Remarks on result:

other: Screening for reproduction test

Results with reference substance (positive control):

24h-EC50=0.35 mg/l

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Not specified.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The acute toxicity of diallyl phthalate to the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna expressed as the 24h-EC50 was 26 mg/l with the 24h-EC0 of 11 mg/l.

Description of key information

Key information is based on a GLP study with Daphnia magna performed according to OECD guideline 202 in 2003. Analytical confirmation of test concentrations is included. Validity criteria concerning the control group and test conditions were met.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

5.5 mg/L

Additional information

The acute toxicity of diallyl phthalate to the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna expressed as the 48h-EC50 was 5.5 mg/l, with 95%-confidence limits of 4.8 - 6.4 mg/l and no effect at 3.2 mg/l (NOEC). Measured concentrations were in agreement with nominal. The results for the 24h EC-values are supported by those of another study (Kühn et al., 1989).