Registration Dossier
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EC number: 231-131-3 | CAS number: 7440-22-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Dermal absorption
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- dermal absorption
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Experimental details and results are not presented in great detail; several aspects remain unclear: (i) Information on actually applied dose not clear: “70µg/cm² of silver nanoparticles dispersed in ethanol absolute 0.14 wt% and diluted 1:10 with synthetic sweat at pH 4.5 to reproduce in vivo conditions”. It is unclear whether this refers to 70 µg silver or 70 µg of of the suspension, or 70 µg of the diluted suspension per cm². Is it 0.14% (wt) Ag in ethanol? Or is there 0.14% (wt) ethanol added to the silver? Based on other sections in the text, one may assume that it is 70 µg Ag/cm², and this dose has been used to calculated the percutaneous absorption rate in %. (ii) no justification given for the selection of the dose (relation to potential exposure of workers or members of the general population?) and for rather long exposure time (24h) (iii) number of replicates per test is not reported. (iv) no raw data / primary analytical results presented. (v) no mass balance is presented.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Human skin penetration of silver nanoparticles through intact and damaged skin
- Author:
- Larese, F. et al.
- Year:
- 2 009
- Bibliographic source:
- Toxicology 255, 33-37
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Percutaneous absorption study in-vitro, human skin, with polyvinylpirrolidone coated AgNPs applied as "0.14% (wt.) dispersion in ethanol absolute"; mean particle size 25nm.
Test material
Reference
- Name:
- Unnamed
- Type:
- Constituent
- Test material form:
- other: nanomaterial, 25±7.1 nm, Source: self-synthesised
- Details on test material:
- Silver nanoparticles synthesis was carried out according to the method described by Graf et al. (2003)*.
Synthesis included a stabilization step to prevent irreversible particle aggregation on dispersion in an aqueous medium. Stabilization
was achieved by coating the nanoparticle core with polyvinylpirrolidone. A 0.14 wt% silver coated nanoparticles solution in ethanol absolute 99% was used. TEM measurements revealed that silver nanoparticles were as small as 25±7.1 nm, 25–75th percentiles 19.5–29.3, minimum 9.8 nm, maximum 48.8nm with 5% larger than 36.6 nm.
* Reference:
Graf, C., Vossen, D.L.J., Imhof, A., van Blaaderen, A., 2003: A general method to coat colloidal particles with silica. Langmuir 19, 6693–6700.
Results and discussion
- Absorption in different matrices:
- Silver nanoparticles absorption through intact and damaged skin was very low but detectable. Permeation of particles was higher through damaged skin than through intact skin.
- Total recovery:
- no data
Percutaneous absorptionopen allclose all
- Dose:
- 70 µg/cm^2
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- ca. 0.001 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: 24h
- Remarks:
- For intact skin: Calculated from an applied dose of 70 µg/cm^2, and using the reported median penetrated amount during 24h of 0.46 ng/cm^2.
- Dose:
- 70 µg/cm^2
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- ca. 0.003 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: 24h
- Remarks:
- For damaged skin: Calculated from an applied dose of 70 µg/cm^2, and using the reported median penetrated amount during 24h of 2.32 ng/cm^2.
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