Phenylacetaldehyde

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

24 - 26 Mar 1999

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Version / remarks:

1992

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: control, 7, 14, 28, 55 mg/L
- Sampling method: sampled at the beginning and end of the study period (0 and 48 h)

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A stock solution of 120 mg/L was prepared and the lower test concentration were prepared by dilution. The stock solution was stirred for 60 sec at 8000 rpm with an Ultra-Turrax and stirred for 24 h using a magnetic stirrer. Insoluble particles were removed by filtration (pore size 7-12 µm).
- Eluate: no
- Differential loading: no
- Controls: yes, test medium control

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: in-house culture (originally obtained from "Bundesgesundheitsamt, Berlin, Germany")
- Feeding during test: none
- Age: < 24 h

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

15.3 °dH

Test temperature:

19.9 - 20.2 °C

pH:

7.5 - 7.8

Dissolved oxygen:

7.5 - 8.7 mg O2/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: control, 7, 14, 28, 55 mg/L
measured 0 h: < 2, 6, 12, 22, 43 mg/L (based on TOC)
measured 48 h: < 2, 5, 10, 20, 38 mg/L (based on TOC)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: cylindric test vessels (diameter: 4 cm, height: 6.5 cm) containing 20 mL of test medium
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: according to guideline
- Culture medium different from test medium: no, same as test (M4-medium)

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light, 8 h darkness

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
- Mobility after 24 and 48 h

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Remarks:

geometric mean of EC0 and EC100

Effect conc.:

20 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: based on TOC

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

7.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: based on TOC: 1 mg TOC/L equivalent 1.3 mg test substance/L

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

53 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: based on TOC: 1 mg TOC/L equivalent 1.3 mg test substance/L

Details on results:

- Mortality of control: 0%

Table 1: Immobilisation during exposure

Nominal concentration [mg/L]	Immobile daphnids (absolute)		Immobile daphnids [%]
	24 h	48 h	24 h	48 h
Control	0	0	0	0
7	0	0	0	0
14	0	6	0	30
28	0	8	0	40
55	15	20	75	100

Table 2: TOC analysis

Nominal concentration [mg/L]	TOC concentration [mg/L]
	0 h	48 h
Control	<2	<2
7.0	6	5
14	12	10
28	22	20
55	43	38

1 mg TOC is equivalent to 1.3 mg test substance/L.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

This study was performed according to OECD 202 (GLP). Based on the arithmetic mean measured concentrations of the test item, the EC50 (48 h) for Daphnia magna was calculated to be 20.0 mg/L as the geometric mean of EC0 and EC100.

Description of key information

EC50 (48 h) 20 mg/L (geometric mean measured concentration, Daphnia magna, OECD 202)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

20 mg/L

Additional information

One experimental study is available, in which the short-term toxicity to invertebrates was investigated according to GLP and OECD guideline 202. In a static test system, the test organism Daphnia magna was exposed to four nominal concentrations of 7, 14, 28 and 55 mg/L. Analytical measurements were done by analysis of total organic carbon (TOC) at test start and test end. The effect values are based on the arithmetic mean measured concentrations of the test item calculated as follows: 7.2, 14.3, 27.3 and 53 mg/L (included the multiplication factor of 1.3 as 1 mg TOC/L is equivalent to 1.3 mg test substance/L). Based on the arithmetic mean measured concentrations of the test item, the EC50 (48 h) for Daphnia magna was calculated to be 20.0 mg/L as the geometric mean of EC0 and EC100.