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Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.99 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
12.5
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
8.82 mg/m³
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
12.34 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

A correction by a factor of 1.4 is justified, as the rats were exposed for 7 days per weeks whereas the worker is only exposed for 5 days /week.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
default ECHA guidance R.8
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
2.5
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.424 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
50
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
5 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
21.21 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

A correction by a factor of 1.4 is justified, as the rats were exposed for 7 days per weeks whereas the worker is only exposed for 5 days /week.

 

Based on differences in bioavailability (dermal uptake of 33% compared to 100% oral uptake) the oral systemic long-term NOAEL was therefore modified by factor 0.33 for derivation of a dermal systemic long-term DNEL.

 

The corrected starting pont for DNEL derivation was thus a corrected NOAEL of 21.21 mg/kg bw/day.

 

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default ECHA guidance R.8
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
2.5
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - workers

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.174 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
25
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
4.35 mg/m³
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
default ECHA guidance R.8
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
2.5
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.152 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
100
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
5 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
15.15 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Based on differences in bioavailability (dermal uptake of 33% compared to 100% oral uptake) the oral systemic long-term NOAEL was therefore modified by factor 0.33 for derivation of a dermal systemic long-term DNEL.

 

The corrected starting pont for DNEL derivation was thus a corrected NOAEL of 15.15 mg/kg bw/day.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
default ECHA guidance R.8
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
2.5
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.05 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
100
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
5 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

No modification of the dose descriptor was performed for the oral route.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
default ECHA guidance R.8
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
2.5
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - General Population