Reaction product of ammonium molybdate and C12-C24-diethoxylated alkylamine (1:5-1:3)

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

May 2012 - March 2013

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP study according to guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EN ISO 22030:2011

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

Date of inspection 18 September 2012.

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

yes

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

The study was carried out with a LUFA standard sandy loam soil type 2.3 (Batch number F2.32512) and was supplied by LUFA-Speyer, Obere Langgasse 40, 67346 Speyer, Germany. The soil was collected and sieved to 2mm by LUFA-Speyer. The following characterisation was carried out by LUFA Speyer, according to GLP:
• textural classification (USDA)
• organic carbon content (% w/w)
• maximum water holding capacity (MWHC) (% w/w)
The following soil characteristics were determined and/or calculated at CEMAS:
• Organic matter (% w/w)
• pH (measured in water)
• Moisture content and dry matter
The soil had a pH of 7.4 (measured in water), with an organic carbon content of 0.94% w/w and an organic matter of <5% (actual value of 1.62% w/w; determined using CEMAS SOP-3363).

Soil Characteristics, Collection and Site History Details – LUFA Batch F2.32512

Supplier: LUFA-Speyer, Obere Langgasse 40, 67346 Speyer, Germany
The following values have been taken from the LUFA-Speyer Analysis Data Sheet:

Determinand Value Unit
Organic carbon content 0.94 ± 0.10 %
Particle sizes according to USDA (%)
Sand (0.05 – 2.0 mm) 63.1 ± 5.0 % w/w
Silt (0.002 – 0.05 mm) 28.4 ± 4.5 % w/w
Clay (<0.002 mm) 8.5 ± 1.7 % w/w
Soil type Sandy loam -
Water Holding Capacity 37.3 ± 1.8 g/100 g

The following values were determined at CEMAS:
Organic Matter 1.62 % w/w
pH (water) 7.4 pH
Moisture Content 8.6 % w/w
Dry Matter 91.4 % w/w


Sampling site: “Im Bildgarten”, Nr.508/2, Offenbach, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany
Sampling Date: 20 June 2012
Depth Sampling: ca. 20 cm
Weather conditions at sampling: Cloudy; Air temperature 20oC
Date of sieving to 2 mm: 22 June 2012


Year Crop Fertiliser use Pesticide use
2011 Uncultivated None None
2010 Uncultivated None None
2009 Uncultivated None None
2008 Uncultivated None None
2007 Uncultivated None None

Additiv 104 treatment solutions prepared in n-hexane and mixed into fine quartz sand, before allowing the solvent to evaporate in a fume hood. A ratio of 100g of sand / kg soil(dry weight equivalent) was used.
Bulk samples of soil were prepared for each treatment group and thoroughly mixed with the dosed sand in a drum mixer. In the range-finder test 400g fresh weight soil was used per pot. This was increased to ca. 950g per pot in the definitive test.

Range finding bioassay treatment rates:
0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg Additiv 104 / kg dry soil.

Definitive phase treatment rates:
62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg Additv 104 / kg dry soil.

Controls:
(i) Deionised water, and; (ii) n-hexane as solvent control

Species:

Avena sativa

Plant group:

Monocotyledonae (monocots)

Details on test organisms:

- Common name: Oat
- Plant family: Gramineae
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: not reported
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): Tested Jan 2013 - attained >90% germination
- Seed storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (23°C ± 3°C) and protected from light and moisture.

Species:

Brassica rapa

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

- Common name: Turnip rape
- Plant family: Brassicaceae
- Variety: Brassica rapaCrGC syn. Rbr
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: not reported
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): Tested May 2012 - attained >90% germination
- Seed storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (23°C ± 3°C) and protected from light and moisture.

Test type:

other: seedling emergence, early growth and reproduction

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

other: natural soil with quartz sand (10:1). LUFA standard sandy loam soil type 2.3 collected and sieved to 2mm by LUFA-Speyer, with pH of 7.4 (measured in water)with an organic carbon content of 0.94% w/w and an organic matter of <5% (actual value of 1.62%w/w)

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

62 d

Remarks:

Range finding test (harvest at Day 14 after seedling emergence). Definitive test, typically running upto circa Day 60 from emergence. Final harvest is after development of the inflorescence (oat), seed pods (turnip rape) in the control treatment.

Post exposure observation period:

Not applicable

Test temperature:

23°C ± 3°C.

pH:

(water) between 5.0 and 7.5

Moisture:

40% (+/-5%) MWHC (soil's maximum water holding capacity)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: CEM Analytical Services Limited, Glendale Park, Fernbank Road, North Ascote, Berkshire, SL5 8JB.
- Test container (type, material, size): plastic beakers
- Amount of soil: ca. 96g fresh weight soil / container
- Method of seeding: Test containers were filled each with the same amount of treated soil and seedling holes were made with seeding pistil. One seed was placed in each hole and covered with soil. Seeds were sown at a depth of between 5-10 mm (Turnip rape) and 10-15 mm (Oat).
- No. of seeds per container: >10
- No. of plants (retained after thinning): Thinned to 8 plants per pot shortly after emergence
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 4 replicates (Range-finder); 5 replicates (Definitive test).
- No. of replicates per control: 4 replicates (Range-finder); 5 replicates (Definitive test).
- No. of replicates per vehicle control: 4 replicates (Range-finder); 5 replicates (Definitive test).

GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: minimum 16 hour light for oat and continuous light for turnip rape
- Light source: natural light levels (supplemented if required to achieve 13000 +/- 2000 Lux)
- Day/night temperatures: 23°C +/- 3°C. However a wider range is acceptable as long as normal emergence and growth of plants occur.
- Relative humidity (%): Monitored throughout the experimental period
- Watering regime and schedules: Water applied to the soil surface at least 3 times a week for the duration of the study
- Water source/type: Deionised water
- Volume applied:

ACCLIMATION PERIOD:

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Four plants of each species will be harvested at 14 DAE and at the end of the study. If any pot has less than 8 plants that have emerged, the number of plants harvested at 14 DAE will be reduced so that four plants remain for the final harvest. For the selected plants at 14 DAE, the following endpoints will be measured and recorded:
 occurrence of visible flower buds per plant (Turnip rape only)
 number of flowers per plant (Turnip rape only)
 fresh weight per plant, measured immediately after cutting the plants
 number of live plants (percentage of plants compared to the number after thinning out)
 number of damaged (yellowed, wilted) plants (qualitatively) Visual injury will be assessed according to SOP CEM-3239 (Phytotoxicity Assessments)

Final Harvest: Oats will be harvested after the inflorescences (flower heads) have emerged (~7 to 8 weeks) in the solvent control. The turnip rape will be harvested when seed pods have developed (typically 5 to 6 weeks) in the solvent control.
The plants will be cut at the soil surface and the following endpoints are determined;
 growth stage according to the BBCH scheme
 total number of flowers per plant (Oats only)
 number of seed pods carrying fertile seeds (visibly swollen) – Turnip rape only
 fresh weight of shoots, measured soon after cutting the plants (Oats) with inflorescences removed, Turnip rape without seed pods
 fresh weight of inflorescences (Oats) or seed pods (Turnip Rape) measured immediately after cutting the plants
 water content of the shoots, inflorescences and seed pods of each pot (replicate)
 dry weight of shoots*
 dry weight of inflorescences (Oats) or seed pods (Turnip rape)
 Number of dead and live plants

VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: yes

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: geometric series
- Range finding study : treatment rates: 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg Additiv 104 / kg dry soil (nominal)
- Definitive test concentrations: 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg Additv 104 / kg dry soil (nominal)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Oats: Showed no visual injury or dead plants, with the fresh weights comparable between all test concentrations, showing no growth effects. Turnip rape: 1000mg/kg test concentration showed visual injury (dead plants with chlorotic leaf discoloration). Some slight 'stunting' of the overall plant size was also observed at this concentration.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Range finding bioassay treatment rates:
0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg Additiv 104 / kg dry soil (nominal)
Definitive phase treatment rates:
62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg Additv 104 / kg dry soil (nominal)

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Species:

Brassica rapa

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

62.5 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: plant fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: No 95% CL

Species:

Brassica rapa

Duration:

45 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

ca. 784 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: seed pod production

Remarks on result:

other: No 95% CL

Species:

Brassica rapa

Duration:

45 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

ca. 744 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: seed pod dry weight

Remarks on result:

other: 651.9-806.9

Species:

Brassica rapa

Duration:

45 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

500 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: seed pod production, shoot dry weight and seed pod production fresh and dry weight

Remarks on result:

other: No 95% CL

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

500 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: plant fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: No 95% CL

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

48 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

ca. 811 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: flower fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: No 95% CL

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

48 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

ca. 494 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: flower dry weight

Remarks on result:

other: No 95% CL

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

48 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

500 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: flower production and inflorescences and dry weight

Remarks on result:

other: No 95% CL

Details on results:

Definitive study - see tables
In both species the EC50 for survival was determined at > 1000 mg/kg, but since this determination is based partially on scoring (subjective attribute) results the more reliable EC values are shown in the table above.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Plant visual assessments were conducted and the percentage affected plants in each category along with the relevant endpoint parameters for each species at 14 DAE and final harvest is reported. For the quantitative parameters; emergence, plant survival and fresh/dry weights were all compared with the solvent control treatment.

Plant growth (dry weight – biomass) and the relevant reproduction data for each species were subject to statistical analysis using ToxCalc (1999). The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) and the lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) were determined. Point estimates (EC50) were obtained using either Maximum Likelihood-Probit or Linear Interpolation analysis. The main statistical test types used for parametric measurements were Dunnett’s or Steel’s Many-One Rank Test, and for non-parametric measurements Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test was used.

For results tables see "attached background material" section below

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

Guideline validity criteria were met in the controls.

Conclusions:

A study was conducted to determine the potential effects on the emergence, early growth and reproduction of two plant species (oat and a rapid cycling variant of turnip rape) exposed to Additiv 104. The study was conducted to meet the requirements specified in the ISO Guideline 22030 (2011). A range finding bioassay was conducted with both plant species (oats and turnip rape) at concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg Additiv 104/kg soil (dry weight basis). Based on the results of this, a definitive bioassay was carried out using concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg Additiv 104/kg dry soil, where the test item was incorporated into a natural soil. When the study was originally started the only portion that could be finalized satisfactorily was the turnip rape (Jul 27, 2012 – Sep 19, 2012). The oat study could not be brought to completion initially because no inflorescence was observed in any of the oat plant replicates in any treatment, so this was repeated with a different and successful variety, having not met one of the validity criteria “to flower within the first 8 weeks” (Jan 23, 2013 – March 26, 2013).

TURNIP RAPE: Turnip rape was evaluated for 45 days following >50 % germination in the control group. At 14 days after emergence (DAE), four of the test plants were harvested and the numbers of flower buds and flowers, fresh weight, number of live plants and the number of damaged plants were recorded. A final harvest of the remaining plants was undertaken when the turnip rape had developed seed pods. The plant growth stage (BBCH scale), total number of inflorescences and seed pods, fresh and dry weights of shoots, fresh and dry weights of seed pods and inflorescences, and the number of live plants were recorded. Also at 14 DAE harvest there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between any Additiv 104 treatment rate (62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil) and the solvent control treatment for the emergence of turnip rape three days after sowing. Turnip rape plants in the Additiv 104 treatment rates of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil were assessed with mean visual injury scores of 3.75, 4.75 and 8.75 respectively. These scores relate to effects on plant growth – plants in these three treatments were stunted. All control plants were given a score of 0. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between any Additiv 104 treatment rate and the solvent control treatment for visual injury. The percentage number of turnip rape plants alive in Additiv 104 treatment rates of 250 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil was 87.5 % and 34.4% respectively at the 14 DAE assessments. 100 % survival was observed in all other treatments. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the Additiv 104 treatment rate of 1000 mg/kg dry soil and the solvent control treatment for the number of plants surviving at 14 DAE.

The mean number of flower buds/plant was 8.8, 9.1, 9.4, 8.8, 7.7, 6.1 and 0 in the untreated control, solvent control, and Additiv 104 treatment rates of 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil respectively at the 14 DAE assessments. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the Additiv 104 treatment rates of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil and the solvent control treatment for the number of flower buds/plant at 14 DAE. The mean number of flowers/plant was 2.5, 1.4, 1.8, 1.6, 0, 0 and 0 in the untreated control, solvent control, and Additiv 104 treatment rates of 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil respectively at the 14 DAE assessments. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between any Additiv 104 treatment rate and the solvent control treatment for the mean number of flowers/plant. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between Additiv 104 treatment rates of 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil and the solvent control treatment for the fresh weight at the 14 DAE assessment. The lowest NOEC value was 62.5 mg/kg dry soil for fresh plant weight.

At 45 DAE harvest, all turnip rape plants survived in the untreated and solvent controls, along with those in Additiv 104 treatment rates of 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg dry soil at the final harvest at 45 DAE. 62.5 % of turnip rape plants survived at the 1000 mg/kg dry soil treatment rate. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between any Additiv 104 treatment rate and the solvent control treatment for the number of turnip rape plants surviving at the final harvest. Turnip rape in the untreated control, solvent control and Additiv 104 treatment rates of 62.5, 125 and 250 mg/kg dry soil reached similar BBCH growth stages (ranging from stages 69-77), whilst plants in the 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil treatments reached growth stages of 67-74 and 67-72 respectively.

There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the Additiv 104 treatment rate of 1000 mg/kg dry soil and the solvent control treatment for the number of seed pods produced, fresh and dry weights of seed pods at the 45 DAE assessment.
There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between any Additiv 104 treatment rate (62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil) and the solvent control treatment for the fresh weights of shoots (without seed pods) at the 45 DAE assessment. However, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the Additiv 104 treatment rate of 1000 mg/kg dry soil and the solvent control treatment for the dry weights of shoots (without seed pods) produced at the 45 DAE assessment.

At 45 DAE the LOEC and NOEC values were 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, respectively.


OAT: At 14 DAE There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between any Additiv 104 treatment rate (62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil) and the solvent control treatment for emergence of oat three days after sowing. Oat plants in the Additiv 104 treatment rates of 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil were assessed with mean visual injury scores of 4.25 and 6.50 respectively. These scores relate to effects on plant growth – plants in these two treatments were stunted. All control plants were given a score of 0. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between any Additiv 104 treatment rate and the solvent control treatment for visual injury. The percentage number of oat plants alive in Additiv 104 treatment rates of 62.5, 125 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil was 93.8%, 96.9% and 90.6% respectively at the 14 DAE assessments. 100 % survival was observed in all other treatments. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the Additiv 104 treatment rates and the solvent control treatment for the number of plants surviving at 14 DAE. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between Additiv 104 treatment rate of 1000 mg/kg dry soil and the solvent control treatment for the fresh weight at the 14 DAE assessment.

At 45 DAE all oat plants survived in the untreated and solvent controls, along with all those treatment rates of Additiv 104 mg/kg dry soil at the final harvest at 48 DAE. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between any Additiv 104 treatment rate and the solvent control treatment for the number of oat plants surviving at the final harvest. Oat in the untreated control, solvent control and Additiv 104 treatment rates of 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg dry soil reached similar BBCH growth stages (ranging from stages 54-59), whilst plants in the 1000 mg/kg dry soil treatment reached growth stages of 49-55. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the Additiv 104 treatment rate of 1000 mg/kg dry soil and the solvent control treatment for the number of flowers produced, and for the fresh and dry weights of flowers at the 48 DAE assessment.

There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between any Additiv 104 treatment rate (62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil) and the solvent control treatment for the fresh and dry weights of shoots (without inflorescences) at the 48 DAE assessment. The study was considered valid because the control treatments fulfilled the validity criteria in that seedling emergence for all species was at least 75%.

The LOEC and NOEC values for the different parameters examined in the oat were consistently 1000 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively.

Executive summary:

The long-term effects of Additiv 104 on the emergence, early growth and reproduction of a turnip rape (Brassica rapa) and oat (Avena sativa) were assessed for a period of 14, 45 and 48 days after emergence (DAE), respectively. For turnip, the 14 DAE NOEC was 62.5 mg/kg dry soil (for fresh plant weight), and 45 DAE EC50s for seed pod production and seed pod dry weight were determined as 783.95 and 744.16 mg/kg dry soil, respectively. These were the lowest short-term endpoint values observed, while all other EC50’s (including emergence) were in excess of the highest concentration tested (1000 mg/kg dry soil). The 45 DAE NOECs were 500 mg/kg for seed pod production, shoot dry weight and seed pod production fresh & dry weight. The only endpoint with a higher NOEC was shoot fresh weight at 1000 mg/kg. For oat, the EC50 for flower production was determined as 863.64 mg/kg dry soil, while the EC50s for flower fresh and dry weight at 810.79 and 494.16 mg/kg dry soil, respectively. The NOECs for both 14 DAE and 48 DAE were either 500 mg/kg for flower production, and inflorescences fresh & dry weight, or 1000 mg/kg for shoot fresh and dry weight.

Description of key information

The long-term effects of Additiv 104 on the emergence, early growth and reproduction of a turnip rape (Brassica rapa) and oat (Avena sativa) were assessed for a period of 45 and 48 days after emergence (DAE), respectively.  For turnip, the EC50s for seed pod production and seed pod dry weight were determined as 783.95 and 744.16 mg/kg dry soil, respectively. These were the lowest short-term endpoint values observed, while all other EC50’s (including emergence) were in excess of the highest concentration tested (1000 mg/kg dry soil). The lowest No Observed Effect Concentration or NOECs were 62.5 mg/kg dry soil at 14 DAE for turnip rape fresh plant weight, and at 45 DAE for the turnip.  For oat, the EC50 for flower production was determined as 863.64 mg/kg dry soil, while the EC50s for flower fresh and dry weight at 810.79 and 494.16 mg/kg dry soil, respectively. The NOECs were either 500 mg/kg for flower production, and inflorescences fresh & dry weight, or 1000 mg/kg for shoot fresh and dry weight.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:

62.5 mg/kg soil dw

Additional information

The effect of Additiv 104 on the emergence, early growth and reproduction of a rapid cycling variant of turnip rape was assessed up to 45 days after > 50% of the solvent controls had emerged according to BS EN ISO 22030:2011. No significant difference was observed between any Additiv 104 treatment rate (up to a maximum of 1000 mg/kg dry soil) and the solvent control treatment for the emergence of turnip rape three days after sowing. As such, the EC50for emergence was >1000 mg/kg dry soil. At 14 DAE plant fresh weight were measured for a NOEC of 62.5 mg/kg dry soil. No significant difference was observed between any Additiv 104 treatment rate and the solvent control treatment for the number of turnip rape plants surviving at the final harvest. Similar growth stages were observed in the control treatments and treatment rates of 62.5, 125 and 250 mg/kg dry soil. There was a significant difference between treatment rate of 1000 mg/kg dry soil and the solvent control treatment for the number of seed pods produced, fresh and dry weights of seed pods at the 45 DAE assessment. The EC50for seed pod production was determined as 783.95 mg/kg. The EC50for seed pod dry weight was determined as 744.16 mg/kg. No significant difference was observed between any Additiv 104 treatment rate (up to a maximum of 1000 mg/kg dry soil) and the solvent control treatment for the fresh weights of shoots (without seed pods) at the 45 DAE assessment. The EC50for shoot fresh weight was determined as >1000 mg/kg. However, there was a significant difference between treatment rate of 1000 mg/kg dry soil and the solvent control treatment for the dry weights of shoots (without seed pods) produced at the 45 DAE assessment. Consequently when considering the effects of the solvent control, the LOEC and NOEC values were 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, respectively, although the 14 DAE NOEC was the lowest value.

The effect of Additiv 104 on the emergence, early growth and reproduction of oat was assessed up to 48 days after > 50% of the solvent controls had emerged. No significant difference was observed between any Additiv 104 treatment rate (up to a maximum of 1000 mg/kg dry soil) and the solvent control treatment for the emergence of oat three days after sowing. As such, the EC50 for emergence was >1000 mg/kg dry soil. No significant difference was observed between any Additiv 104 treatment rate and the solvent control treatment for the number of oat plants surviving at the final harvest. Similar growth stages, were observed in the control and treatment rates of 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg dry soil. Plants developed slower in the 1000 mg/kg dry soil treatment. There was a significant difference between the rate of 1000 mg/kg dry soil and the solvent control for the number of flowers produced, and for the fresh and dry weights of flowers at the 48 DAE assessment. The EC50 for flower production was determined as 863.64 mg Additiv 104/kg. The EC50 for flower fresh and dry weight was determined as 810.79 and 494.16 mg/kg respectively. No significant difference was observed between any Additiv 104 treatment rate (up to a maximum of 1000 mg/kg dry soil) and the solvent control for the fresh and dry weights of shoots (without inflorescences) at the 48 DAE assessment. The EC50 for shoot fresh and dry weight was determined as >1000 mg/kg. The LOEC and NOEC values for the different parameters examined in the oat were consistently 1000 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively.