Succinic anhydride

Acute Toxicity: dermal

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: dermal

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2010-03-16 to 2010-04-28

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2010

Report date:

2010

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)

Version / remarks:

24 February 1987

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.3 (Acute Toxicity (Dermal))

Version / remarks:

30 May 2008

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Test type:

standard acute method

Limit test:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Succinic anhydride

EC Number:

203-570-0

EC Name:

Succinic anhydride

Cas Number:

108-30-5

Molecular formula:

C4H4O3

IUPAC Name:

oxolane-2,5-dione

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Appearance: white powder/ colourless solid
- Name of the test material used in the report: Succinic anhydride (trade name Bernsteinsäureanhydrid)
- Batch no.: LEBA5A3070
- Purity: 99.5%
- Storage temperature: room temperature
- Expiry date: 30 March 2010

TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
Appropriate amounts of the test substance are ground to a fine dust (if necessary) and then administered undiluted on a cellulose patch after moistening with corn oil to allow an optimal contact to the skin.

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

The animals were male and female Crl:CD(SD) rats, obtained from Charles River Deutschland GmbH. Females were nulliparous and non-pregnant. The males were approximately 8 weeks old and the females were approximately 12 weeks old at the time of administration. The rats were acclimatised for at least 7 days. A health inspection was performed prior to commencement of the study to ensure that the animals were in good health. Special attention was paid to the skin, which was confirmed to be intact and free from any abnormality. Room temperature ranged from 19.96 to 20.99°C. Relative humidity ranged from 45.08 to 58.78%. There were 12 air changes per hour, and artificial light was provided on a 12 hour light/dark cycle. The rats were housed singly in Makrolon type III cages with wire mesh lids. Autoclaved Aspen wood chips were provided as bedding. Nibbling wood bricks and nesting material from the same material and source as the bedding material were also provided. Ssniff R/M-H maintenance diet for rats and mice was provided ad libitum (Ssniff Spezialdiäten GmbH, Germany). Tap water was provided ad libitum. Individuals were identified with felt-tipped pen on the tails.

Administration / exposure

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Vehicle:

corn oil

Details on dermal exposure:

A single dermal administration was performed by applying the test substance to an area of least 10% of the estimated body surface. The test site was located on the dorsal thoracic region. An area of 6.5 cm x 8 cm (52 cm²) was marked. The hair of the dorsal trunk was clipped with an electric hair clipper one day before test substance application. Test substance amounts were calculated and weighed for each rat using individual body weights determined on the day of administration. A cellulose patch (Pehazell, Hartmann AG) with the correct amount of test substance on the surface and soaked in corn oil (to get optimal contact with the skin) was applied to the test site and held in place with non-irritating tape (Blenderm 3M). The test site was covered by a semi-occlusive dressing (Fixomull Stretch). At the end of the exposure period the dressing, the tape and the patch were removed. Residual test substance was wiped off using wet cellulose tissue, if necessary.

Duration of exposure:

24 hours

Doses:

2000 mg/kg bw

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5 rats/sex

Control animals:

not required

Details on study design:

Observations were performed 0-0.5, >0.5-1, >1-2, >2-4 and >4-6 hours after administration, then at least once daily for a total of 2 weeks. Observations included but were not limited to changes in skin, fur, eyes, the occurrence of secretions and excretions, autonomic activity, changes in gait, posture and the presence of convulsions. Body weights were determined immediately prior to administration, then 7 and 14 days after administration. All animals were sacrificed at the end of the observation period by CO2 inhalation and subjected to a necropsy including a gross pathological examination.

Statistics:

Formal statistical analysis was not required.

Results and discussion

Preliminary study:

Not applicable.

Effect levels

Key result

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 2 000 mg/kg bw

Based on:

test mat.

Mortality:

No deaths occurred during the study.

Clinical signs:

other: No clinical signs were observed in any animal during the observation period.

Gross pathology:

No abnormalities were detected at necropsy.

Other findings:

3/5 males and all females exhibited erythema and eschar formation at the application site. These local effects were observed 1 day after administration lasting until a maximum of 7 days post administration.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

not classified

Conclusions:

The acute dermal LD50 of succinic anhydride is greater than 2000 mg/kg bw in rats. No classification is warranted according to the CLP criteria as set out in Regulation (EC) 1272/2008.

Executive summary:

In an acute dermal toxicity study performed according to OECD TG 302, a group 5 young adult Sprague-Dawley rats/sex were dermally exposed to succinic anhydride to the clipped dorsal skin corresponding to 10% of the estimated body surface area at the limit dose of 2000 mg/kg bw. The test site was covered by a semi-occlusive dressing, held in place for 24 hours. Animals were then observed for 14 days.

No mortality occurred during the study period. There were no effects on body weight; all animals gained weight during the observation period. No clinical signs of systemic toxicity were observed, however local irritation at the test site (erythema and eschar formation) was noted 1 to 7 days after administration. No abnormalities were detected at necropsy.

Based on these results, it was concluded that the acute dermal LD50 of succinic anhydride is greater than 2000 mg/kg bw in rats. Therefore, no classification is warranted according to the CLP criteria as set out in Regulation (EC) 1272/2008.