Dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate, compound with 2-aminoethanol (1:2)

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: 38.5, 84.7, 186.4, 410.0 and 902.0 HPPA-2AE/L (nominal)
- Sampling method: Not stated
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: For analysis of Pt, the samples were acidified with HNO3 and immediately stored at 4°C until analysis. For analysis of 2AE, samples were immediately stored at ≤8°C until analysis.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A stock solution was prepared by dissolving test item in dilution water and stirring for one hour. The stock solution was filtered before use in the test and then diluted with dilution water to obtain the test concentrations.
- Controls: Dilution water
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): None
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) or suspension(s) including control(s)): None
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): Filtered to remove undissolved solid Pt.
- Extraction recovery (indicate if results are corrected or not for recoveries):
2AE: mean recoveries of samples 56.18-58.46%
Pt: 100.0-101.3%
- Method of confirmation of identity of measured compound:
2AE: Reference sample
Pt detected at wavelengths of 214.424 nm (range finder test), 177.648 (definite test) with no interferences observed.

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebrafish
- Strain: Teleostei, Cyprinidae
- Source: Test facility bred
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): Not stated
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 1.6 - 1.9 cm
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.024 - 0.044 g
- Method of breeding: Not stated
- Maintenance of the brood fish: Not stated

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: at least 12 days
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Same as test
- Type and amount of food during acclimation: Live brine shrimp (Artemia salina) nauplii and ground flake food TetraMin.
- Feeding frequency during acclimation: shrimp - ad libitum, flake food – once daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Mortality of the batch was less than 5 % in the week preceding the start of the study.

FEEDING DURING TEST
- Food type: None
- Amount: None
- Frequency: None

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

None

Hardness:

1.2 mmol/L

Test temperature:

23.0 - 23.1 °C

pH:

8.06 - 8.66

Dissolved oxygen:

110 %

Salinity:

Not applicable

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentration: 38.5, 84.7, 186.4, 410.0, and 902.0 mg HHPA-2AE/L, corresponding to nominal platinate (Pt) concentrations of 6.6, 14.5, 32.0, 70.3, and 154.7 mg/L. The nominal concentrations of 2-amino-ethanol (2AE), which was present in a molecular ratio (Pt:2AE) of 1:2, were 4.1, 9.1, 20.0, 44.0, and 96.9 mg/L.
Arithmetic mean measured Pt concentrations: 0.4, 1.0, 2.2, 5.0, 11.1 mg/L
Arithmetic mean measured 2-AE concentrations: 2.4, 5.2, 11.6, 25.0, 55.1 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Beakers
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: Full glass beakers of 2.5 L, containing 2.0 L of test solution
- Aeration: Yes, via glass capillaries
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Semi-static system, test solutions replaced after 48 hours.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 7
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): Not applicable
- Biomass loading rate: 1 g/L

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Purified drinking water
- Total organic carbon: NPOC 0.5895 mg/L
- Particulate matter: Not stated
- Metals:
cadmium [μg/L] < 0.674
chrome [μg/L] < 0.623
copper [μg/L] < 5.08
iron [μg/L] < 1.14
manganese [μg/L] < 0.699
nickel [μg/L] < 1.24
lead [μg/L] < 1.74
zinc [μg/L] 2.13

- Pesticides: Not stated
- Chlorine: <0.02 mg/L
- Alkalinity: 1.8 mmol/L
- Ca/mg ratio: 5 mmol/L
- Culture medium different from test medium: None
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Not stated

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: None
- Photoperiod: light dark cycle 12/12 hours
- Light intensity: Not stated

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): Mortality, length and weight

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: Not stated
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: Not applicable
- Range finding study: No
- Test concentrations: Nominal concentration: 38.5, 84.7, 186.4, 410.0, and 902.0 mg HHPA-2AE/L, corresponding to platinate (Pt) concentrations of 6.6, 14.5, 32.0, 70.3, and 154.7 mg/L. The nominal concentrations of 2-amino-ethanol (2AE), which was present in a molecular ratio (Pt:2AE) of 1:2, were 4.1, 9.1, 20.0, 44.0, and 96.9 mg/L.
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Not stated

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 55.1 other: mg 2AE/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

other: 2AE

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 11.1 other: mg Pt/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: None
- Observations on body length and weight: No effect
- Other biological observations: None
- Mortality of control: None
- Other adverse effects control: None
- Abnormal responses: None
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: None
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: None

Reported statistics and error estimates:

No statistical analysis was performed as there was no mortality during the study.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The 96-hour LC50 was determined to be > 55.1 mg 2AE/L (arithmetic mean), and > 11.1 mg Pt/L (arithmetic mean).

Executive summary:

A 96-h acute Danio rerio study was conducted for dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate, compound with 2-aminoethanol (1:2). The study is reliable without restrictions, being GLP-compliant and having followed standard test guidelines (OECD 203 and EU Method C.1).

A semi-static test system was used, where test solutions were renewed after 48 hours. Five test concentrations were used, and these were analysed separately for platinum and 2-aminoethanol (2AE) using acid digestion with ICP-OES and LC-MS/MS, respectively, at the start and at each renewal until the end of the test. The mean measured concentration of the freshly prepared highest test concentration was found to be 10.1 mg Pt/L, and 11.3 mg Pt/L for the aged test solution. The mean measured concentration of 2AE in the freshly prepared highest test concentration was found to be 54.8 mg/L for 2AE, which corresponded to 56.5 % of nominal. The mean measured concentration of the aged highest test solution was 55.5 mg/L for 2AE, corresponding to 57.3 % of nominal. All validity criteria were met.

The 96-hour LC50 was determined to be > 55.1 mg 2AE/L (arithmetic mean), and > 11.1 mg Pt/L (arithmetic mean).

Description of key information

The LC50 was determined to be >11.1 mg Pt L^-1, or >55.1 mg 2-aminoethanol L^-1.

Additional information

An acute study is available with dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate, compound with 2-aminoethanol following OECD test guideline 203, with Danio rerio (Muth-Köhne 2016). Five nominal test concentrations were used, and the test was conducted under semi-static conditions with test media renewal at 48 hours. Analytical verification of test solutions at 0, 48 (aged and fresh solutions) and 96 hours was conducted and analysis of both platinum and 2-aminoethanol was carried out. Mean measured concentrations of 2-aminoethanol in fresh solutions ranged from 55.8 to 58.2% of nominal and in aged solutions ranged from 57.2 to 58.8% of nominal. Mean measured concentrations of platinum were approximately 7% of nominal for fresh and aged test solutions. The test item separated into the two components during the study therefore measured concentrations of the test item as a whole could not be determined. No mortality and no signs of stress or disease were observed in any of the test concentrations. The LC50 was therefore determined to be >11.1 mg Pt L^-1, or >55.1 mg 2-aminoethanol L^-1.