Registration Dossier

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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
2.93 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
75
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
250 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
220 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

250 x 1/0.38 x 6.7/10 x 0.5 [50% oral absorption rat / 100% inhalation absorption human].

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
NOAEL derived
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Subacute study
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
corrected starting point
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Systemic
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Workers
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.83 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
300
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
250 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

As stated in ECHA guidance R8, it is assumed that dermal absorption will not be higher than oral absorpion, therefore no default factor should be used when oral-to-dermal extrapolation.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
rat species
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
systemic effects
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
workers
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - workers

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.72 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
150
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
250 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
109 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

250 x 1/1.15 x 0.5 [50% oral absorption rat / 100% inhalation absorption human].

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Dose response
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
modified starting point
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
For effects on skin, eye and GI tract via local metabolism, for effects on respiratory tract.
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
general population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.42 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
600
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
250 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

As stated in ECHA guidance R8, dermal absorption will not be higher than oral absorption, no default factor (i.e. factor 1) should be introduced when performing oral-to-dermal extrapolation.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
dose response
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
rat species
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
systemic effects
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
general population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.42 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
600
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
250 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

As this is an oral study, no modification of the starting point is needed.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
dose response
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
rat species
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
systemic effects
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
general population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - General Population