Registration Dossier

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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.985 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
By inhalation
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
25
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
49 mg/m³
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
24.6 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

The calculation of the DNEL is based on an inhalation NOAEL observed in a repeated dose inhalation toxicity study (similar to OECD 413; 2011).

Conversion of an inhalatory rat NOAEC into a corrected inhalatory NOAEC in case of differences between experimental and human exposure condition has to be performed.

Corrected starting point for the inhalative route for workers:

= NOAEC(inhalation) * exposure condition rat / exposure condition human

= 49.0 mg/m³ * (6h/day / 8h/day) * (6.7 m³ (8h) /10 m³ (8h)

= 49.0 mg/m³ * 0.75 * 0.67 m³ = 24.6 mg/m³

Thus, the corrected starting point for workers was 24.6 mg/m³ for inhalation.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
The dose descriptor starting point is based on a NOAEL.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
2
Justification:
The DNEL is based on a subchronic study.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
AF not used for inhalation route.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default value according to ECHA REACH Guidance.
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Default value for workers according to ECHA REACH Guidance.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The DNEL is based on a high-quality study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties because sperm motility is the endpoint which exhibits the lowest variation and highest sensitivity of all sperm parameters (Mangelsdorf, 2002). Further, fertility is closely correlated with sperm motility. Therefore, a 90-day study is reliable to assess toxicity on reproduction in male animals.

Reference: https://www.baua.de/DE/Angebote/Publikationen/Schriftenreihe/Forschungsberichte/2003/Fb984.html
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
acute toxicity
Route of original study:
By inhalation
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
1.96 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
25
Dose descriptor:
NOAEC
Value:
49 mg/m³
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
The dose descriptor starting point is based on a NOAEL.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
2
Justification:
The DNEL is based on a subchronic study.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
AF not applicable for local effects.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default value according to ECHA REACH Guidance.
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Default value for workers according to ECHA REACH Guidance.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The DNEL is based on a high-quality study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion
Route of original study:
Dermal
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion
Route of original study:
Dermal
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - workers

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.245 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
By inhalation
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
50
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
49 mg/m³
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
12.25 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

The calculation of the DNEL is based on an inhalation NOAEL observed in a repeated dose inhalation toxicity study (similar to OECD 413; 2011).

Conversion of an inhalatory rat NOAEC into a corrected inhalatory NOAEC in case of differences between experimental and human exposure condition has to be performed.

Corrected starting point for the inhalative route for general population:

= NOAEC(inhalation) * exposure condition rat / exposure condition human

= 49 mg/m³ * (6h/day / 24h/day)

= 49 mg/m³ * 0.25 = 12.25 mg/m³

Thus, the corrected starting point for general population was 12.25 mg/m³ for inhalation.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
The dose descriptor starting point is based on a NOAEL.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
2
Justification:
The DNEL is based on a subchronic study.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
AF not used for inhalation route.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default value according to ECHA REACH Guidance.
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default value for general population according to ECHA REACH Guidance.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The DNEL is based on a high-quality study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties because sperm motility is the endpoint which exhibits the lowest variation and highest sensitivity of all sperm parameters (Mangelsdorf, 2002). Further, fertility is closely correlated with sperm motility. Therefore, a 90-day study is reliable to assess toxicity on reproduction in male animals.

Reference: https://www.baua.de/DE/Angebote/Publikationen/Schriftenreihe/Forschungsberichte/2003/Fb984.html
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
acute toxicity
Route of original study:
By inhalation
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.98 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
50
Dose descriptor:
NOAEC
Value:
49 mg/m³
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
The dose descriptor starting point is based on a NOAEL.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
2
Justification:
The DNEL is based on a subchronic study.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
AF not applicable for local effects.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default value according to ECHA REACH Guidance.
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default value for workers according to ECHA REACH Guidance.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The DNEL is based on a high-quality study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion
Route of original study:
Dermal
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion
Route of original study:
Dermal
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
66.7 µg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
600
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
40 mg/kg bw/day
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
The dose descriptor starting point is based on a NOAEL.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
The DNEL is based on a subacute study.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
The experimental animal was a rat.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default value according to ECHA REACH Guidance.
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default value for general population according to ECHA REACH Guidance.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The DNEL is based on a high-quality study.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
acute toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - General Population