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EC number: 285-480-1 | CAS number: 85099-25-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
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- Auto flammability
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- Oxidation reduction potential
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- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
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- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
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- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
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- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
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- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Version / remarks:
- July 2009
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Mar 2006 (corrected Jul 2011)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Duplicate samples were taken from the control and each test group from the bulk test preparation at 0 hours and from the pooled replicates at 72 hours for quantitative analysis. All samples were stored frozen prior to analysis.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The highest test solution of nominal 100 mg/L was prepared in culture medium. From this solution a series of dilutions was made to give further solutions of 32, 10, 3.2 and 1.0 mg/L. Each of the prepared concentrations was inverted several times to ensure adequate mixing and homogeneity.
- Controls: test water - Test organisms (species):
- Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: CCAP 278/4
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), SAMS Research Services Ltd, Scottish Marine Institute, Ohan, Argyll, Scotland.
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): not reported. Prior to the start of the test master culture was added to culture media to give an initial cell density of approximately 10E+03 cells/mL. The flasks were kept under constant agitation by orbital shaker (100 - 150 rpm) and constant illumination at 24 ± 1 °C until the algal cell density was approximately 10E+04 - 10E+05 cells/mL.
- Method of cultivation: Master cultures were maintained in the laboratory by the periodic replenishment of culture medium under constant aeration and constant illumination at 21 ± 1 °C.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: see above "Age of inoculum"
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): same - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Hardness:
- 15 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 24 ± 1 °C
- pH:
- control
test start (0 h): 7.0
test end (72 h): 7.1
treatments
test start (0 h): 6.6 - 7.1
test end (72 h): 6.9 - 7.5
the lower pH values in the treatments were observed at the higher test item concentrations - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal concentrations: 1.0, 3.2, 10, 32, and 100 mg/L
measured concentrations:
start: 94 - 96 % of nominal
end (72 h): 93 - 97 % of nominal
The biological results are based on the nominal concentration of the test item. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL glass conical flasks containing 100 mL test medium, plugged with polyurethane foam bungs
- Aeration: continuous shaking at about 150 rpm
Initial cells density: 5 x 10E+03 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 1.07 x 10E+06 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes (AAP Medium)
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reverse osmosis purified deionized water
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: The pH was measured in each treatment at the start and end of the test. The temperature in the incubator was recorded daily.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: continuous
- Light intensity and quality: approximately 7000 lux, warm white light (380 – 730 nm)
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): daily determination of the algal cell density
- Determination of cell concentrations: electronic particle counter; triplicate counts
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3.2
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: nominal 0.1, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: 76 % inhibition of growth rate at 100 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 28 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- 95% confidence interval: 23 - 35 mg/L
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 3.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 7 - 8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: values were read off the growth curve
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): no microscopic abnormalities in the control and at 1.0 and 3.2 mg/L; cell debris was observed at 10 mg/L and no intact cells were observed in the 32 and 100 mg/L test cultures.
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: none
For details see attached document "Tables Cell densities and inhibition of growth.pdf" - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- 72-hour ErC50: 1.2 mg/L, 95% confidence limits 1.1 - 1.4 mg/L (within the range 0.9 - 1.5 mg/L as recommended by the guidelines) - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS computer software package (SAS, 1999 - 2001).
One way analysis of variance incorporating Bartlett's test for homogeneity of variance and Dunnett's multiple comparison procedure for comparing several treatments with a control was carried out on the growth rate and yield data after 72 hours for the control and all test concentrations to determine any statistically significant differences between the test and control groups. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Increase of biomass >16 after 72 hours; mean coefficient of variation for section-by-section specific growth rate <35%; coefficient of variation for average specific growth rate <7%.
Reference
Description of key information
effect values for average specific growth rates of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, 0-72 h, (OECD 201, EU C.3):
EC50: 28 mg/L, EC10: 7 - 8 mg/L, NOEC: 3.2 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 28 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 3.2 mg/L
Additional information
EC10 for freshwater algae: 7 - 8 mg/L
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