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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Developmental toxicity / teratogenicity

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
developmental toxicity
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
2000 - 2001
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)

Data source

Referenceopen allclose all

Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2010
Report date:
2010
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2002
Report date:
2002

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 414 (Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study)
GLP compliance:
yes
Limit test:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate
EC Number:
222-020-0
EC Name:
Tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate
Cas Number:
3319-31-1
Molecular formula:
C33H54O6
IUPAC Name:
tris(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate
Test material form:
liquid
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Purity test date: 98;83%

FORM AS APPLIED IN THE TEST (if different from that of starting material)

TYPE OF BIOCIDE/PESTICIDE FORMULATION (if applicable)

OTHER SPECIFICS:

Test animals

Species:
rat
Strain:
Sprague-Dawley
Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
No details available

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:
oral: gavage
Vehicle:
corn oil
Details on exposure:
PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS: No details available
Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
not specified
Duration of treatment / exposure:
Gestation days 6-19 (prenatal development)
Gestation day 6 - post-partum day 20 (post-natal development)
Frequency of treatment:
Daily, except day of parturition for animals allowed to litter
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
Dose / conc.:
0 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
Dose / conc.:
100 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
Dose / conc.:
500 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
Dose / conc.:
1 000 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
Dose / conc.:
1 050 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
No. of animals per sex per dose:
35 females/group - 20 for pre-natal development; 15 for post-natal development
Control animals:
yes, concurrent vehicle
Details on study design:
No details available

Examinations

Maternal examinations:
CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: No data

DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: No data

BODY WEIGHT: No data

POST-MORTEM EXAMINATIONS: No data
Ovaries and uterine content:
The ovaries and uterine content was examined after termination: No data
Fetal examinations:
External examinations: Yes
- Soft tissue examinations: Yes
- Skeletal examinations: Yes
- Head examinations: No data
Statistics:
ANOVA followed by William’s test, or Kruskal-WaIlis/Hollander & Wolfe followed by Shirley’s test, Steel’s test, Cochran-Armitage, Fisher’s exact test.
Indices:
No data
Historical control data:
No data

Results and discussion

Results: maternal animals

General toxicity (maternal animals)

Clinical signs:
no effects observed
Dermal irritation (if dermal study):
not specified
Mortality:
no mortality observed
Body weight and weight changes:
no effects observed
Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
not specified
Food efficiency:
not specified
Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
not specified
Ophthalmological findings:
not specified
Haematological findings:
not specified
Clinical biochemistry findings:
not specified
Urinalysis findings:
no effects observed
Behaviour (functional findings):
not specified
Immunological findings:
not specified
Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
no effects observed
Gross pathological findings:
no effects observed
Neuropathological findings:
not specified
Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
not specified
Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
not specified
Other effects:
no effects observed
Details on results:
No significant effects on bodyweight or gravid uterus weight at any dose level, either during gestation or lactation.
No inter-group differences regarding the number of implantations, post-implantation loss, gestation length and index, or (live) litter size.

Maternal developmental toxicity

Number of abortions:
no effects observed
Pre- and post-implantation loss:
no effects observed
Total litter losses by resorption:
no effects observed
Early or late resorptions:
no effects observed
Dead fetuses:
no effects observed
Changes in pregnancy duration:
no effects observed
Changes in number of pregnant:
no effects observed
Other effects:
no effects observed
Details on maternal toxic effects:
No significant effects on bodyweight or gravid uterus weight at any dose level, either during gestation or lactation. No inter-group differences regarding the number of implantations, post-implantation loss, gestation length and index, or (live) litter size.

Effect levels (maternal animals)

Key result
Dose descriptor:
NOAEL
Effect level:
ca. 1 050 mg/kg bw/day
Based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect level:
necropsy findings
other: maternal toxicity

Results (fetuses)

Fetal body weight changes:
no effects observed
Reduction in number of live offspring:
no effects observed
Changes in sex ratio:
no effects observed
Changes in litter size and weights:
no effects observed
Changes in postnatal survival:
no effects observed
External malformations:
no effects observed
Skeletal malformations:
no effects observed
Visceral malformations:
no effects observed
Other effects:
no effects observed
Details on embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:
No effects
No significant differences in foetal body weights. No significant variations or malformations observed in gross external appearance, viscera, skeletal system, or anogenital distance of pups.

Effect levels (fetuses)

Key result
Dose descriptor:
NOAEL
Effect level:
ca. 1 050 mg/kg bw/day
Based on:
test mat.
Sex:
male/female
Basis for effect level:
fetal/pup body weight changes
changes in litter size and weights
external malformations
skeletal malformations
visceral malformations

Fetal abnormalities

Key result
Abnormalities:
not specified

Overall developmental toxicity

Key result
Developmental effects observed:
no
Treatment related:
no

Any other information on results incl. tables

Post-natal development examinations did not reveal any significant differences relative to controls for survival of offspring, sex ratio, bodyweight or bodyweight gain, auditory startle and pupil closure responses, age at vaginal opening or preputial separation.

At necropsy, there were no effects attributable to treatment in either females (6 weeks of age) or males (15 weeks of age). Assessment included morphology of the male and female reproductive tract organs, weight of the male reproductive organs or microscopic pathology of the testis.

 There was a slight but statistically significant (P<0.05) increase in the number of male animals with retained areolar regions on evaluation at post-natal Day 13 at 1050 mg/kg/day. Affected animals had only one or two more sites than those in the control group. The areolae present at post-natal Day 13 were no longer present on re-examination on post-natal Day 18. In the absence of any other supporting data, this finding was regarded as being of questionable toxicological significance.

There was a higher incidence of displaced testes in foetuses from the group treated at 1050 mg/kg/day when compared with controls. However, the incidence was within the range of recent historical control data of the test facility for this endpoint. No displaced testes were noted in any of the foetuses undergoing less rigorous examination prior to preparation for skeletal examination. There was no difference in the incidence of non-scrotal testes between males of treatment and control groups at 15 weeks of age.

The incidence of renal cavitation was higher controls in foetuses that were macroscopically assessed prior to skeletal examination. Again, this finding was within the range of recent historical control values, and was not found during examination of foetuses by the more rigorous serial sectioning technique.

the incidence of effects in the testes and kidneys appear to be related to the low incidence of these findings in the concurrent control group compared to the range of historical control values. The observed incidences of these findings in treated groups were within the range of historical controls from recent studies at the test facility and they were not supported by complimentary observations made in foetuses or offspring. They were therefore considered not to be related to treatment.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
A developmental toxicity study in the rat, extended to permit an assessment of post-natal development, found no treatment-related effects indicative of maternal toxicity. No effects on offspring body weights or litter viability were observed. No developmental (teratogenic) effects were observed and there were no effects upon sexual maturation or development of the reproductive tract in male or female offspring that were attributed to treatment.

NOEL maternal toxicity: 1050 mg/kg/day
NOEL pre-natal developmental toxicity: 1050 mg/kg/day
NOEL post-natal evaluation of offspring: 500 mg/kg/day; LOAEL: 1050 mg/kg/day
Executive summary:

A developmental toxicity study in the rat, extended to permit an assessment of post-natal development, found no treatment-related effects indicative of maternal toxicity. No effects on offspring body weights or litter viability were observed. No developmental (teratogenic) effects were observed and there were no effects upon sexual maturation or development of the reproductive tract in male or female offspring that were attributed to treatment.

NOEL maternal toxicity: 1050 mg/kg/day

NOEL pre-natal developmental toxicity: 1050 mg/kg/day

NOEL post-natal evaluation of offspring: 500 mg/kg/day; LOAEL: 1050 mg/kg/day