4-Ethoxy-2,3-difluoro-4'-methyl-1,1'-biphenyl

Flammability

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

flammable solids

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2018-10-04

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method A.10 (Flammability (Solids))

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

The test item was tested as received. No further preliminary treatment such as drying or milling was performed.

Key result

Test procedure:

burning rate test: preliminary screening test

Remarks on result:

substance does not ignite and propagate combustion either by burning with flame or smouldering along 200 mm of the powder train within the 2 minutes test period

Preliminary test

The test item could not be ignited with a flame. The test item melted. The performance of the main test was not necessary.

Interpretation of results:

not classified based on GHS criteria

Conclusions:

The test substance was determined not to be a highly flammable solid.

Executive summary:

A preliminary test according to Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 EU Method A.10 and UN N.1 was performed to determine the flammability of the test substance. The test item was formed into a powder train. The flame from a gas burner was applied to one end of the powder train for 2 minutes. The burning of the pile was observed. In the preliminary test the test item could not be ignited. Based on the results of the preliminary test, no main test was performed. The test item is considered as a not readily combustible solid of Division 4.1. and is not a flammable solid.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

flammable gases

Data waiving:

study technically not feasible

Justification for data waiving:

the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is a solid

Reference 3

Endpoint:

pyrophoric liquids

Data waiving:

study technically not feasible

Justification for data waiving:

the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is a solid

Reference 4

Endpoint:

pyrophoric solids

Data waiving:

study scientifically not necessary / other information available

Justification for data waiving:

the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is known to be stable in contact with air at room temperature for prolonged periods of time (days) and hence, the classification procedure does not need to be applied

Reference 5

Endpoint:

self-heating substances / mixtures

Data waiving:

study scientifically not necessary / other information available

Justification for data waiving:

the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is completely molten at 160°C

Reference 6

Endpoint:

substances / mixtures which in contact with water emit flammable gases

Data waiving:

study scientifically not necessary / other information available

Justification for data waiving:

the study does not need to be conducted because the experience in production or handling shows that the substance does not react with water, e.g. the substance is manufactured with water or washed with water

Description of key information

The substance has not to be classified as flammable gas, flammable liquid, flammable solid, flammable in contact with water, flammable aerosol, pyrophoric solid, pyrophoric liquid or self-heating substance.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Flammability:

not classified

Additional information

Flammable gases (reference 4.13-2)

The test item is a solid at ambient conditions. This hazard class is only applicable for gases. Thus, the substance was not considered for classification as flammable gas.

 

Flammable liquid (reference 4.11-1)

In accordance with column 2 adaptation statement of Annex VII Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH), the determination of the flash point (as required in section 7.9 of Annex VII) does not need to be conducted as the substance is a solid at ambient conditions.

 

Flammable solids (reference 4.13-1)

A preliminary test according to Regulation (EC) No 440/2008EU Method A.10 and UN N.1 was performed to determine the flammability of the test substance. The test item was formed into a powder train. The flame from a gas burner was applied to one end of the powder train for 2 minutes. The burning of the pile was observed. In the preliminary test the test item could not be ignited. Based on the results of the preliminary test, no main test was performed. The test item is considered as a not readily combustible solid of Division 4.1. and is not a flammable solid.

 

Pyrophoric solids (reference 4.13-4)

In accordance with section 2.9.4 Annex I of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 and ECHA guidance on the application of CLP Criteria section 2.10.4.2 the classification procedure for pyrophoric solids need not be applied when experience in manufacturing or handling shows that the substance or mixture does not ignite spontaneously when coming into contact with air at normal temperatures. Based on the experience in handling and use the substance is not known to ignite spontaneously when coming into contact with air at normal temperatures. Thus, no study was conducted and the substance was not considered for classification as pyrophoric solid.

 

Pyrophoric liquids (reference 4.13-3)

The test item is a solid at ambient conditions. This hazard class is only applicable for liquids. Thus, the substance was not considered for classification as pyrophoric liquid.

 

Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases (reference 4.13-6)

In accordance with column 2 of REACH Annex VI and with Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Annex I section 2.12.4.1 the classification procedure for this hazard class need not to be applied. Based on the experience in handling and use the substance does not react with water and in addition the test substance is not pyrophoric. Thus, no study was conducted and the substance was not considered for classification.

 

Self-heating substances and mixtures (reference 4.13-5)

In accordance with ECHA guidance on IR/CSA chapter R.7a section R7.1.10.7 Version 6 July 2017 and the study does not to be conducted if the test item is completely molten before reaching 160 °C. According to the melting point study performed (reference 4.2-1, 'Melting point') the melting point of the test item was determined to be at 63 °C, therefore, the substance has no potential of self-heating. Thus, it was concluded that self-heating of the substance can be excluded and the test UN N.4 for self-heating substance is not required.

 

Flammable Aerosols

Section 2.4.2 of Guidance on the application on the CLP Criteria states as follows:

“Aerosols, this means aerosol dispensers, are any non-refillable receptacles made of metal, glass or plastics and containing a gas compressed, liquefied or dissolved under pressure, with or without a liquid, paste or powder, and fitted with a release device allowing the contents to be ejected as solid or liquid particles in suspension in a gas, as a foam, paste or powder or in a liquid state or in a gaseous state." Thus, as the substance does not meet the definition for aerosol, the test for aerosols was waived. Consequently the substance has not to be considered for classification for this hazard class.

 

In conclusion the substance has not to be considered as flammable gas, flammable liquid, flammable solid, flammable in contact with water, flammable aerosol, pyrophoric solid, pyrophoric liquid or self-heating substance.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Classification, Labelling, and Packaging Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008

In accordance with Annex I section 2.2, section 2.3, section 2.6, section 2.7, section 2.9, section 2.10, section 2.11 and section 2.12 of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, and UN GHS Rev 9 (2021) the test item has not to be classified as flammable liquid, readily combustible solid in class 4, Division 4.1, self-heating substance in Class 4, Division 4.2, substance which in contact with water emits flammable gases in Class 4, Division 4.3, pyrophoric liquid, pyrophoric solid in class 4, Division 4.2, flammable gas in class 2 or as aerosol in class 2.