Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 269-087-2 | CAS number: 68187-32-6
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Hydrolysis
On the basis of the experimental study results of the test chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach, test chemical was considered to be stable in water.
Biodegradation in water
42-days Closed Bottle test following the OECD guideline 301 D to determine the ready biodegradability of the test chemical. The study was performed at a temperature of 20°C under aerobic conditions. The test system included control, test item, reference item and toxicity control. Polyseed were used for this study. The concentration of test and reference item (Sodium Benzoate) chosen for both the study was 4 mg/L, while that of inoculum was 1 ml/l. OECD mineral medium was used for the study. ThOD (Theoretical oxygen demand) of test and reference item was determined by calculation. % degradation was calculated using the values of BOD and ThOD for test item and reference item. The % degradation of procedure control (reference item) was also calculated using BOD & ThOD and was determined to be 74.85%. Degradation of Sodium Benzoate exceeds 59.88% on 7 days & 77.84% on 14th day. The activity of the inoculum is thus verified and the test can be considered as valid. The BOD42 value of test chemical was observed to be 0.45 mgO2/mg. ThOD was calculated as 0.85 mgO2/mg. Oxygen depletion in the inoculum blank did not exceed 1.5 mg dissolved oxygen/L after 28 days. The residual conc. of oxygen in test bottles did not fall below 0.5 mg/L at any time, % degradation of reference compound has reached the pass levels (60% of ThOD) by day 14 and in a toxicity test, containing both the test substance and a reference compound, >25% biodegradation occurred within 14 days, test substance cannot be assumed to be inhibitory. Thus, fulfilling the validity crtieria as per OECD test guideline and hence, study is considered to be valid. Accordingly, the % degradation of the test chemical after 42 days of incubation at 20 ± 1°C according to Closed Bottle test was determined to be 52.94%. Based on the results, the test chemical, under the test conditions, was considered to be inherently biodegradable in nature.
Biodegradation in water and sediment
Level III Fugacity prediction model was run to predict the half-life in water and sediment for the test chemical. If released in to the environment, 18% of the chemical will partition into water according to the Mackay fugacity model level III and the half-life period of test chemical in water is estimated to be 15 days. The half-life (15 days estimated by EPI suite) indicates that the chemical is not persistent in water and the exposure risk to aquatic animals is moderate to low whereas the half-life period of test chemical in sediment is estimated to be 140 days. However, as the percentage release of test chemical into the sediment is less than 10% (i.e, reported as 9%), indicates that test chemical is not persistent in sediment.
Biodegradation in soil
The PBT Profiler has estimated that test chemical is expected to be found predominantly in soil and its persistence estimate is based on its availability in this medium. Its half-life in soil, 30 days. This does not exceed the threshold of 180 days as mentioned in the REACH regulation. Therefore, test chemical is estimated to be non persistent in the soil environment.
Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
On the basis of the experimental studies of the test chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach, the BCF value of the test chemical can be expected to be 3 dimensionless. Thus, as this value does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000 indicating that the test chemical is not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain.
Adsorption / desorption
The Soil Adsorption Coefficient i.e. Koc value of test chemical was estimated using EPI suite KOCWIN Program (v2.00) as 13.4 L/kg (log Koc= 1.1271) by means of MCI method at 25°C. This log Koc value indicates that test chemical has negligible sorption to soil and therefore test chemical have a rapid migration potential to ground water.
Additional information
Hydrolysis
Data available for its read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the hydrolysis half-life of the test chemical in water. The studies are as mentioned below:
The half-life of the test chemical was determined. Test chemical concentrations were analyzed using HPLC. Duplicate samples from the mid-layer of each batch were analyzed every 24 hours for stability. The 0 hours samples were also used to determine intra-day variation. The results were considered to be acceptable when the precision was within 10% and the variation of stability was +/-20% of the original concentration. The analyses of maintenance water and OECD medium were conducted until 96 and 72 hours, respectively. The precision and variation of reananlyzed 100 microgarm/ml of test solutions for confirmation stability were within 0.60% and -9.49% of the original concentrations following storage in maintenance water for 96 hours. On the other hand, the precision and variation of reananlyzed 1100 microgarm/ml test solutions for confirmation stability were within 6.99-1.05% and -1.05 to -1.68% of the original concentrations following storage in OECD medium for 72 hours. Thus, the half-life value of test chemical in water was evaluated to be >96 hrs, indicating that the test chemical was considered to be hydrolytically stable in water.
In an another study, the half-life of the test chemical was determined. Test chemical does not undergo hydrolysis in a 28 day study. Thus, half-life of test chemical was evaluated to be >28 days, indicating that the test chemical is stable in water.
On the basis of the experimental study results of the test chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach, test chemical was considered to be hydrolytically stable.
Biodegradation in water
42-days Closed Bottle test following the OECD guideline 301 D to determine the ready biodegradability of the test chemical. The study was performed at a temperature of 20°C under aerobic conditions. The test system included control, test item, reference item and toxicity control. Polyseed were used for this study. The concentration of test and reference item (Sodium Benzoate) chosen for both the study was 4 mg/L, while that of inoculum was 1 ml/l. OECD mineral medium was used for the study. ThOD (Theoretical oxygen demand) of test and reference item was determined by calculation. % degradation was calculated using the values of BOD and ThOD for test item and reference item. The % degradation of procedure control (reference item) was also calculated using BOD & ThOD and was determined to be 74.85%. Degradation of Sodium Benzoate exceeds 59.88% on 7 days & 77.84% on 14th day. The activity of the inoculum is thus verified and the test can be considered as valid. The BOD42 value of test chemical was observed to be 0.45 mgO2/mg. ThOD was calculated as 0.85 mgO2/mg. Oxygen depletion in the inoculum blank did not exceed 1.5 mg dissolved oxygen/L after 28 days. The residual conc. of oxygen in test bottles did not fall below 0.5 mg/L at any time, % degradation of reference compound has reached the pass levels (60% of ThOD) by day 14 and in a toxicity test, containing both the test substance and a reference compound, >25% biodegradation occurred within 14 days, test substance cannot be assumed to be inhibitory. Thus, fulfilling the validity crtieria as per OECD test guideline and hence, study is considered to be valid. Accordingly, the % degradation of the test chemical after 42 days of incubation at 20 ± 1°C according to Closed Bottle test was determined to be 52.94%. Based on the results, the test chemical, under the test conditions, was considered to be inherently biodegradable in nature.
Biodegradation in water and sediment
Level III Fugacity prediction model was run to predict the half-life in water and sediment for the test chemical. If released in to the environment, 18% of the chemical will partition into water according to the Mackay fugacity model level III and the half-life period of test chemical in water is estimated to be 15 days. The half-life (15 days estimated by EPI suite) indicates that the chemical is not persistent in water and the exposure risk to aquatic animals is moderate to low whereas the half-life period of test chemical in sediment is estimated to be 140 days. However, as the percentage release of test chemical into the sediment is less than 10% (i.e, reported as 9%), indicates that test chemical is not persistent in sediment.
Biodegradation in soil
The PBT Profiler has estimated that test chemical is expected to be found predominantly in soil and its persistence estimate is based on its availability in this medium. Its half-life in soil, 30 days. This does not exceed the threshold of 180 days as mentioned in the REACH regulation. Therefore, test chemical is estimated to be non persistent in the soil environment.
Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
Data available for its read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the bioaccumulation potential of the test chemical. The studies are as mentioned below:
The bioaccumulation study was conducted for estimating the BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical. The bioaccumulation factor (BCF) value was calculated using a logKow of -3.69 and a regression-derived equation. The estimated BCF (bioaccumulation factor) value of test chemical was evaluated to be 3 dimensionless, which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the test chemical was considered to be non-accumulative in aquatic organisms.
In an another study, test chemical was reported to be non-bioaccumulative in aquatic organisms.
On the basis of the experimental studies of the test chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach, the BCF value of the test chemical can be expected to be 3 dimensionless. Thus, as this value does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000 indicating that the test chemical is not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain.
Adsorption / desorption
Data for the test chemical and its read across substance were reviewed for the adsorption end point which are summarized as below:
In a prediction done using the KOCWIN Program of Estimation Programs Interface was used to predict the soil adsorption coefficient (Koc) of test chemical. The soil adsorption coefficient i.e Koc value of test chemical was estimated to be 13.4 L/kg (log Koc=1.1271) by means of MCI method (at 25ªC).
For the test chemical, adsorption coefficient (Koc) of test chemical was estimated to be 1.16.
On the basis of above results, test chemical was considered to have a negligible sorption to soil and sediment and therefore have rapid migration potential to ground water.
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