Ilmenite (FeTiO3), conc.

Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: long-term

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Data from conference poster, full study not available

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

other: conference poster

Title:

Toxicity of seven different nanoparticles to Eisenia fetida.

Author:

Heckman et al.

Year:

2008

Bibliographic source:

SETAC 25-29 May, 2008, Warsaw, Poland

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 222 (Earthworm Reproduction Test (Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei))

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Titanium dioxide

EC Number:

236-675-5

EC Name:

Titanium dioxide

Cas Number:

13463-67-7

IUPAC Name:

dioxotitanium

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

Rutile (TiO2)

EC Number:

215-282-2

EC Name:

Rutile (TiO2)

Cas Number:

1317-80-2

IUPAC Name:

dioxotitanium

Details on test material:

* TiO2 nanoparticles (from Evonik Degussa), nominal particle size 21 nm, surface area 50 m²/g.
* bulk TiO2

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Eisenia fetida

Animal group:

annelids

Study design

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

natural soil

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

4 wk

Post exposure observation period:

hatching of produced cocoons was monitored during the following 4 weeks

Test conditions

Details on test conditions:

4 replicates

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: 1000 mg/kg dry soil

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

4 wk

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

>= 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Remarks:

TiO2 nanoparticles

Basis for effect:

other: cocoon production

Remarks on result:

other: +/- 20% effect

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

8 wk

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

<= 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Remarks:

TiO2 nanoparticles

Basis for effect:

other: hatchability

Remarks on result:

other: +/- 25% effect

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

8 wk

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

<= 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Remarks:

TiO2 nanoparticles

Basis for effect:

other: juvenile production

Remarks on result:

other: +/- 50% effect

Effect concentrations 4

Duration:

4 wk

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

>= 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Remarks:

bulk TiO2

Basis for effect:

other: cocoon production

Effect concentrations 5

Duration:

8 wk

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

>= 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Remarks:

bulk TiO2

Basis for effect:

other: hatchability and juvenile production

Details on results:

data derived from graph