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Reliable data are available for the acute toxicity of bismuth subnitrate (Bi5O(OH)9(NO3)4) and bismuth metal on freshwater fish, invertebrates and algae. Because of its limited solubility, the aquatic organisms were exposed to the water-accommodated fraction of bismuth subnitrate after seven days stirring. No toxic effects were observed up to the highest concentration tested (equivalent to 100 mg Bi/L), resulting in unbounded L(E)C50 and NOEC values.