2-Ethylhexyl trans-4-methoxycinnamate

Additional ecotoxological information

Administrative data

Endpoint:

additional ecotoxicological information

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies

Reliability:

3 (not reliable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

significant methodological deficiencies

Remarks:

Potamopyrgus antipodarum: concentration range is too low. Significance of the effect at higher concentration is not convincing in view of the high variability of the number of embryos; no information on number of replicates (Rel 3). For the remaining invertebrate species: limited details and high intervals between test concentrations (factor of 5) potentially resulting in a relatively low NOEC, variable measured exposure concentrations.For zebra fish/bacteria, high intervals between test concentrations (factor of 10), no analytics (additional details are provided in the attached evaluation dcoument)

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Ecotoxicological effect characterisation of widely used organic UV filters

Author:

Kaiser et al.

Year:

2012

Bibliographic source:

Environmental Pollution, Volume 163, 2012, Pages 84-90,

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD guideline 225

Version / remarks:

2007

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

sediment contained 99.6% pure quartz sand (grain size 0.1e0.4, Quick Mix group, Osnabrück, Germany) and 0.4% grounded alder leaves (Alnus glutinosa)

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD guideline 218

Version / remarks:

2004

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

sediment contained 99.6% pure quartz sand (grain size 0.1e0.4, Quick Mix group, Osnabrück, Germany) and 0.4% grounded alder leaves (Alnus glutinosa)

Test guideline 3

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: DIN 38415-6

Version / remarks:

2001

Deviations:

not specified

Remarks:

in addition the methods given in Nagel (2002) and Lammer et al. (2009) were applied

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The 56 day sediment test with Potamopyrgus antipodarum was performed following the method described in Duft et al. (2007) with deviations.

The sediment contact test with Danio rerio was carried out according to the German guideline DIN 38415-6. In addition, the methods given in Nagel (2002) and Lammer et al. (2009) were applied.

For the 28 day sediment test with Melanoides tuberculata no official guideline was available. The applied method is described in the present publication (Kaiser et al., 2012).

References:
Duft, M., Schmitt, C., Bachmann, J., Brandelik, C., Schulte-Oehlmann, U., Oehlmann, J.,
2007. Prosobranch snails as test organisms for the assessment of endocrine active
chemicals e an overview and a guideline proposal for a reproduction test with
the freshwater mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum. Ecotoxicology 16,169-182.

Lammer, E., Carr, G.J., Wendler, K., Rawlings, J.M., Belanger, S.E., Braunbeck, T., 2009.
Is the fish embryo toxicity test (FET) with the zebrafish (Danio rerio) a potential
alternative for the fish acute toxicity test? Comp. Biochem. Phys. C 149.

Nagel, R., 2002. DarT: the embryo test with the Zebrafish Danio rerioea general
model in ecotoxicology and toxicology. Altex 19 (Suppl. 1), 38e48.
196-209.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

(2R)-2-ethylhexyl (2E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate; (2S)-2-ethylhexyl (2E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate

EC Number:

629-661-9

Cas Number:

83834-59-7

Molecular formula:

C18H26O3

IUPAC Name:

(2R)-2-ethylhexyl (2E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate; (2S)-2-ethylhexyl (2E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate

Test material form:

liquid

Details on test material:

Details on test material not reported

Specific details on test material used for the study:

no purity nor impurities specified
no information on storage stability, expiry date etc

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1: Nominal and measured test concentrations of EHMC at the beginning and the end (in brackets) of the sediment tests with Chironomus riparius, Lumbriculus variegatus, Melanoides tuberculata and Potamopyrgus antipodarum (C = control; SC = solvent control; n.d. = not detectable; - = not tested or not measured).

Nominal concentration [mg/kg dw]	EHMC [mg/kg dw]
	C. riparius	L. variegatus	M. tuberculata	P. antipodarum
C	n.d. (n.d.)	n.d. (n.d.)	n.d. (n.d.)	n.d. (n.d.)
SC	n.d. (n.d.)	n.d. (n.d.)	n.d. (n.d.)	n.d. (n.d.)
0.00064	-	-	-	0.0012 (0.0008)
0.016	-	-	-	0.018 (0.013)
0.08	0.04 (0.04)	0.01 (0.01)	0.11 (0.10)	-
0.4	-	-	-	0.25 (0.18)
50.0	46.4 (40.8)	33.4 (30.9)	52.4 (43.6)	-

 

Table 2: Chironomus riparius. Effects of EHMC on mortality and mean emergence time after 28 days of exposure via sediments. Values represent mean values ± SD of 5 replicates. Lumbriculus variegatus. Effects of EHMC on number of annelids and biomass after 28 days of exposure via sediments. Values represent mean values ± SD of 4 replicates. Arthrobacter globiformis. Effects of EHMC on dehydrogenase activity (dha) after 48 h of exposure via sediments. Values represent mean values of four replicates compared to solvent control. C = control. - = not tested.

EHMC [mg/kg dw]	C. riparius			L. variegatus		A. globiformis
	Mortality [%]	EMT50 Males [d]	EMT50 Females [d]	Number of Annelids	Biomass [mg]	Inhibition of dha [%]
C	3.3 ± 5.9	17.1 ± 0.69	20.2 ± 0.47	45.1 ± 5.48	0.81 ± 0.09	-
0.08	0	17.8 ± 1.32	21.3 ± 1.40	48.5 ± 3.51	0.90 ± 0.22	-
0.4	5.0 ± 6.1	17.4 ± 0.68	20.8 ± 0.69	43.5 ± 6.25	0.98 ± 0.15	-
2.0	4.0 ± 4.2	17.4 ± 0.39	21.7 ± 0.88	44.0 ± 4.24	0.95 ± 0.17	-
10.0	4.0 ± 5.5	17.9 ± 0.80	21.4 ± 1.50	42.5 ± 3.87	0.78 ± 0.09	23.9
50.0	4.0 ± 4.2	17.6 ± 0.62	21.6 ± 1.01	40.8 ± 8.50	0.85 ± 0.17	-
100	-	-	-	-	-	12.3
1000	-	-	-	-	-	-13.08

 

EFFECT CONCENTRATIONS

28d-NOEC M. tuberculate: 2 mg/kg ds

28d-LOEC M. tuberculate: 10 mg/kg ds

28d-NOEC L. variegatus: ≥ 50 mg/kg dw ds

28d-NOEC C. riparius: ≥ 50 mg/kg dw ds

56d-NOEC P. antipodarum: ≥ 0.4 mg/kg ds

3h-NOEC A. globiformis: ≥ 1000 mg/kg

48h-NOEC D. rerio (mortality): ≥ 1000 mg/kg

48h-NOEC D. rerio (sub-lethal): 100 mg/kg

48h-LOEC D. rerio (sub-lethal): 1000 mg/kg

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

The results of the publication are regarded as not reliable with regard to derivation of the PNEC for sediment organism.

Executive summary: