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EC number: 288-305-7 | CAS number: 85711-45-1
Sediment toxicity
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
The chemical safety assessment according to Annex I of Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 does not indicate the need to investigate further the effects on sediment organisms.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The chemical safety assessment according to Annex I of Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 does not indicate the need to investigate further the effects on sediment organisms. Based on the presented information, toxicity to sediment organisms is not expected to be of concern.
Fatty acids, C16-18 and C18-unsaturated, esters with pentaerythritol (CAS 85711-45-1)is ready biodegradable, therefore chronic exposure of sediment organisms is unlikely. Furthermore, the substance is not toxic to aquatic organisms up to the limit of water solubility. In addition, available data indicate, that the test substance is not bioaccumlative.
Distribution to the environmental compartments,intrinsic properties and fate
Since direct release of decanoic acid, mixed esters with fatty acids, C16-18 and C18-unsaturated, esters with pentaerythritol (CAS 85711-45-1) to the aquatic system is not anticipated, release to the aquatic compartment might occur via sewage treatment plants only.
According to the Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, Chapter R7.b (ECHA, 2012) once insoluble chemicals enter a standard STP, they will be extensively removed in the primary settling tank and fat trap and thus, only limited amounts will get in contact with activated sludge organisms. Nevertheless, once this contact takes place, these substances are expected to be removed from the water column to a significant degree by adsorption to sewage sludge (Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, Chapter R.7b, (ECHA, 2012). Our substance of concern is characterized by a log Koc value of3.25-19.81 (MCI)and is poorly water soluble(< 0.05 mg/L; Frischmann, 2012)and thus will undergo the same fate as stated in the Guidance document. Furthermore, decanoic acid, mixed esters with heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, pentaerythritol and valeric acid is readily biodegradable(65-69%, CO2 evolution in 28 days; van der Kerken, 1995; Muckle, 2013)and according to the Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, Chapter R.7b, readily biodegradable substances can be expected to undergo rapid and ultimate degradation in most environments, including biological Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) (ECHA, 2012). Therefore, after passing through conventional STPs, exposure, of these polyol esters into the aqueous/sediment compartment are likely to be negligible.
Aquatic ecotoxicity data
Both acute and chronic aquatic toxicity tests of the substance to aquatic organisms showed no adverse effects occurred in the range of the water solubility of the substance (< 0.05mg/L; Frischmann, 2012). The obtained results indicate thatfatty acids, C16-18 and C18-unsaturated, esters with pentaerythritol (CAS 85711-45-1)is also not likely to show toxicity to sediment organisms.
Metabolisms/Bioaccumulation
The test substance has a log Kow of > 6.11 (KOWWIN v1.67) indicating a potential for bioaccumulation. But due to the low water solubility, rapid environmental biodegradation and metabolisation via enzymatic hydrolysis, a relevant uptake and bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms is not expected.After absorption, fatty acids, C16-18 and C18-unsaturated, esters with pentaerythritol (CAS 85711-45-1) is expected to be enzymatically hydrolyzed by carboxylesterasesto the free fatty acid and the free alcohol (e. g. pentaerythritol). From literature it is well known, that these hydrolysis products will be metabolized and excreted in fish effectively (Heymann, 1980; Lech & Bend, 1980; Lech & Melancon, 1980; Murphy & Lutenske, 1990). This is supported by low calculated BCF values of 0.89 – 24.07 L/kg ww (BCFBAF v3.01, Arnot-Gobas, including biotransformation, upper trophic). Please refer to IUCLID Section 5.3 for a detailed overview on bioaccumulation of the polyol esters category. Thus, taking all information into account, the bioaccumulation of the category memberfatty acids, C16-18 and C18-unsaturated, esters with pentaerythritol (CAS 85711-45-1)is assumed to be low.
Conclusion
Due to its readily biodegradable nature, extensive degradation of this substance in conventional STPs will take place and only low concentrations are expected to be released (if at all) into the environment. Once present in the aquatic compartment, further biodegradation will occur and, due to the high log Kow, low water solubility and high adsorption potential,fatty acids, C16-18 and C18-unsaturated, esters with pentaerythritol (CAS 85711-45-1)will be bioavailable to sediment organisms mainly via feed and contact with suspended organic particles. After uptake by sediment species, extensive and fast biotransformation of the substance by carboxylesterases into the free fatty acid and the corresponding alcohol is expected. The supporting BCF/BAF values estimated with the BCFBAF v3.01 program, Arnot-Gobas model including biotransformation, also indicate that this substance will not be bioaccumulative (all well below 2000). Furthermore, aquatic toxicity data show that no effects occur up to the limit of water solubility. Therefore,fatty acids, C16-18 and C18-unsaturated, esters with pentaerythritol (CAS 85711-45-1)is unlikely to pose a risk for sediment organisms, hence toxicity to sediment organisms is not expected to be of concern and thus there is no need to to investigate further the effects on sediment organisms.
A detailed reference list is provided in the technical dossier (see IUCLID, section 13) and within CSR.
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