Slags, nickel smelting

Developmental toxicity / teratogenicity

Administrative data

Endpoint:

developmental toxicity

Type of information:

calculation (if not (Q)SAR)

Remarks:

Migrated phrase: estimated by calculation

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Automatic calculation tool in development at Eurometaux

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

other: software

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2010

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The potential of the UVCB substance as reproductive toxicant (development effects) was established by classifying the complex metal substance according to rules for classification of mixtures for reproductive toxicity (EU CLP guidance section 3.7.3 pg 329ff). The classification criteria (as set out in EU CLP Annex I: 3.7.3.1.1 and Table 3.7.2. ) can be used to estimate effects derived from that classification/hazard. In vitro bio-accessibility tests in solvent that resembles gastric fluid were performed according to ASTM D5517.07 . The results are used to refine/confirm the hazard classification

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

other quality assurance

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Slag, nickel smelting

IUPAC Name:

Slag, nickel smelting

Details on test material:

Typical across industry as defined in IUCLID 1.2;
See IUCLID Section 1.4, for company specific elemental composition; and representative sample for mineralogical information (IUCLID Section 4.23 -Outotec report)

Results and discussion

Results (fetuses)

Fetal abnormalities

Abnormalities:

not specified

Overall developmental toxicity

Developmental effects observed:

not specified

Any other information on results incl. tables

The calculated classification via rules for mixtures (Lower Tier) resulted in “Not classified” t

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Study can be used to predict the reproductive toxicity effect (on development) and to determine the reproductive toxicity hazard/classification of the UVCB substance

Executive summary:

The study provided a conservative estimate of the Reproductive toxicity effect, derived on basis of the Classification outcome by applying the rules for mixtures of a Typical (across industry) nickel slag.

It is concluded that slag, nickel smelting is not to be classified for reproductive toxicity.

The result is applicable to all nickel slags that fall under the defined concentration ranges (IUCLID section 1.2).

Chemistry of the substance (see IUCLID section 4.23 chemical and mineralogical characterization) shows that nickel slag does contain minor constituents classified as a reproductive toxicant Cat 1 (Pb compounds) at actual levels much lower than the threshold of 0.3%

To further confirm the classification in-vitro bio-accessibility tests in solvent that resembles gastric fluid was performed according to ASTM D5517.07.(pH 1.5) The fraction of metals that solubilize under these conditions can be considered as worst case determinant of bio-accessibility of metals contained in the slag. (see section 7.1.1.Basic Toxicokinetics).

Results demonstrate reduced relative bio- accessibility of metals (Cu 0.04, Ni 0.05, Co0.06).Dissolved concentrations of Pb and As were below detection limit.

Therefore consideration of reduced bio-accessibility of Pb further confirm No classification of nickel slags for reproductive toxicity