Acetic acid, oxo-, sodium salt, reaction products with ethylenediamine and phenol, iron sodium salts

Toxicity to birds

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to birds: acute oral toxicity test

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1978

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: no Guideline indicated

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

14d repeated dose toxicity study with Coturnix coturnix japonica.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Dose method:

other: oral intubation

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

yes

Details on preparation and analysis of diet:

DIET PREPARATION
FeNaEDDHA was suspended with carboxymethyl-cellulose 2 %. Before treatment the suspension was homogeneously dispersed with an Ultra-Turrax and during treatment it was kept stable with a magnetic stirrer.

Test organisms (species):

Coturnix coturnix japonica

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Japanese quail
- Source: CIBA-GEIGY Limited, Basle, Switzerland
- Age at test initiation: 50 to 60 days
- Sexes used: male and female

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration (if not single dose):

14 d

Remarks:

end of observation period: 14 days

No. of animals per sex per dose and/or stage:

total animals per dose: 10

Control animals:

no

Nominal and measured doses / concentrations:

1000, 6000 mg/kg

Details on test conditions:

TEST CONDITIONS (range, mean, SD as applicable)
- Temperature: 22 +/- 1 degree C
- Relative humidity (%): 55 +/- 5 %
- Photoperiod: 10 hours light cycle
- Food: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration (if not single dose):

5 d

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 6 000 mg/kg bw

Conc. / dose based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Mortality and sub-lethal effects:

One bird died after 14 days at the dose level of 6000 mg/kg bw.

Further details on results:

Except of the bird which died the animals showed no toxic symptoms during the observation period. The surviving birds were killed at the end of the observation period.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The acute oral LD50 of FeNaEDDHA in Japanese quails of both sexes observed over a period of 14 days is greater than 6000 mg/kg. The test material has therefore practically no acute toxicity to the adult Japanese quail by this route of administration.

Executive summary:

The acute oral toxicity of FeNaEDDHA was investigated in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Animals were treated by oral intubation with an concentration of the test compound of 1000 and 6000 mg/kg bw. Physical condition and rate of deaths were monitored throughout the whole observation period. Except of the bird which died after 14 days the animals showed no toxic symptoms during the observation period. The surviving birds were killed at the end of the observation period. The acute oral LD50 of FeNaEDDHA in Japanese quails of both sexes observed over a period of 14 days is greater than 6000 mg/kg. The test material has therefore practically no acute toxicity to the adult Japanese quail by this route of administration.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to birds: dietary toxicity test

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1978

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: no Guideline indicated

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Study is based on the recommendations of the United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service, reported in "Procedure for Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Pesticides to Fish and Wildlife"

GLP compliance:

not specified

Dose method:

feed

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

yes

Details on preparation and analysis of diet:

DIET PREPARATION
Homogeneous substance feed mixtures were prepared by blending a 1 and 10 % suspension of FeNaEDDHA or Dieldrin in olive oil (oleum olivae PH H VI) into the pulverized comercial food. Control diets contained the corresponding amount of olive oil alone.

Test organisms (species):

other: peking duck (anas domestica)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Peking duck
- Source: CIBA-GEIGY Limited, Basle, Switzerland
- Age at test initiation: 5 to 10 days
- Sexes used: male and female

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration (if not single dose):

5 d

Remarks:

5 treatment days, 3 observation days

No. of animals per sex per dose and/or stage:

total animals per dose: 10

Control animals:

yes

Nominal and measured doses / concentrations:

1000, 6000, 10000 mg/kg

Details on test conditions:

NO. OF BIRDS PER DOSE
- For negative control: 10
- For positive control: 10 ( 5 concentrations)
- For treated: 10 (3 concentrations)

TEST CONDITIONS (range, mean, SD as applicable)
- Temperature: 22 +/- 1 degree C
- Relative humidity (%): 55 +/- 5 %
- Food: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Dieldrin

Duration (if not single dose):

5 d

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect level:

> 10 000 mg/kg bw

Conc. / dose based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Mortality and sub-lethal effects:

No deaths

Further details on results:

During the 5 day treatment period and the following 3 observation days, no toxic symptoms were observed. The bodyweights of the birds in all
concentrations were comparable to that of the controls during the treatment and observation period.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Conclusions:

The "8-day LC5O" of FeNaEDDHA is greater than 10 000 mg/kg bw when fed to "5-day old Peking ducks" of both sexes.

Executive summary:

The effects of FeNAEDDHA on wild birds (Peking duck) were determined in a procedure based on the recommendations of the United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service, reported in "Procedure for Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Pesticides to Fish and Wildlife"

Three groups of birds, each 10 animals, received feed with three different concentrations (1000, 6000 and 10 000 mg/kg bw) of the test compound for a 5-day period. Thereafter they were kept for a posttreatment period of another 3 days. The results were compared with those of an untreated control group and with those of a positive control group treated with 4 different Dieldrin concentrations. During the 5 day treatment period and the following 3 observation days, no toxic symptoms were observed. The food intake and the bodyweights of the birds in all concentrations was comparable to that of the controls during the 5 day treatment and the 3 day observation period.

The "8-day LC5O" of the FeNaEDDHA is greater than 10 000 mg/kg bw when fed to "5-day old Peking ducks" of both sexes.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to birds: dietary toxicity test

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1978

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: no Guideline indicated

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Study is based on the recommendations of the United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service, reported in "Procedure for Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Pesticides to Fish and Wildlife"

GLP compliance:

not specified

Dose method:

feed

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

yes

Details on preparation and analysis of diet:

DIET PREPARATION
Homogeneous substance feed mixtures were prepared by blending a 1 and 10 % suspension of FeNaEDDHA or Dieldrin in olive oil (oleum olivae PH H VI) into the pulverized comercial food. Control diets contained the corresponding amount of olive oil alone.

Test organisms (species):

Coturnix coturnix japonica

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Japanese quail
- Source: CIBA-GEIGY Limited, Basle, Switzerland
- Age at test initiation: 50 to 60 days
- Sexes used: male and female

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration (if not single dose):

5 d

Remarks:

5 treatment days, 3 observation days

No. of animals per sex per dose and/or stage:

total animals per dose: 10

Control animals:

yes

Nominal and measured doses / concentrations:

1000, 6000, 10000 mg/kg

Details on test conditions:

NO. OF BIRDS PER DOSE
- For negative control: 10
- For positive control: 10 (7 concentrations)
- For treated: 10 (3 concentrations)

TEST CONDITIONS (range, mean, SD as applicable)
- Temperature: 22 +/- 1 degree C
- Relative humidity (%): 55 +/- 5 %
- Food: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Dieldrin

Duration (if not single dose):

5 d

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect level:

> 10 000 mg/kg bw

Conc. / dose based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Mortality and sub-lethal effects:

No deaths

Effects on reproduction:

There was no change in egg production in the birds of all concentrations during the test and observation period.

Further details on results:

With the exception of fluffed feathers in all birds and in addition curved position of the birds in the highest concentration, no toxic symptoms were observed during the test and observation period. The food intake of the birds in all concentration groups was comparable to that of the controls during the test and observation period. The bodyweights of all birds were, with the exception of some intergroup changes/comparable to that of the controls during the treatment and observation period.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The "8-day LC5O" of FeNaEDDHA is greater than 10 000 mg/kg bw when fed to adult Japanese quails of both sexes.

Executive summary:

The effects of FeNAEDDHA on wild birds (Japanese quail)) were determined in a procedure based on the recommendations of the United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service, reported in "Procedure for Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Pesticides to Fish and Wildlife

Three groups of birds, each 10 animals, received feed with three different concentrations of the test compound for a 5-day period. Thereafter they were kept for a posttreatment period of another 3 days. The results were compared with those of an untreated control group and with those of a positive control group treated with 7 different Dieldrin concentrations. With the exception of fluffed feathers in all birds and in addition curved position of the birds in the highest concentration, no toxic symptoms were observed during the test and observation period. The food intake of the birds in all concentration groups was comparable to that of the controls during the test and observation period. The bodyweights of all birds were, with the exception of some intergroup changes/comparable to that of the controls during the treatment and observation period.There was no change in egg production in the birds of all concentrations during the test and observation period.

The "8-day LC5O" of the FeNaEDDHA is greater than 10 000 mg/kg bw when fed to adult Japanese quails of both sexes.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to birds: acute oral toxicity test

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1977

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: no Guideline indicated

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

GLP compliance:

not specified

Dose method:

other: oral intubation

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

yes

Details on preparation and analysis of diet:

DIET PREPARATION
FeNaEDDHA was suspended with carboxymethyl-cellulose 2 %. Before treatment the suspension was homogeneously dispersed with an Ultra-Turrax and during treatment it was kept stable with a magnetic stirrer.

Test organisms (species):

other: peking duck (anas domestica)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Peking duck
- Source: CIBA-GEIGY Limited, Basle, Switzerland
- Age at test initiation: 5 to 10 days
- Sexes used: male and female
- Weight: 100 to 250 g

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration (if not single dose):

7 h

Remarks:

end of observation period: 7 days

No. of animals per sex per dose and/or stage:

total animals per dose: 10

Control animals:

no

Nominal and measured doses / concentrations:

6000, 10000 mg/kg

Details on test conditions:

TEST CONDITIONS (range, mean, SD as applicable)
- Temperature: 22 +/- 1 degree C
- Relative humidity (%): 55 +/- 5 %
- Food: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration (if not single dose):

7 d

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 10 000 mg/kg bw

Conc. / dose based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: after 7 days observation time

Mortality and sub-lethal effects:

No deaths

Further details on results:

Just after treatment all birds started vomitting. No other compound related symptoms were observed. The animals recovered within 24 hours. They were killed at the end of the observation period.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The acute oral LD50 of FeNaEDDHA in Peking ducks of both sexes observed over a period of 7 days is greater than 10 000 mg/kg. The test material has therefore practically no acute toxicity to the "5-day old Peking duck" by this route of administration.

Executive summary:

The acute oral toxicity of FeNaEDDHA was investigated in the Peking duck (anas domestica). Animals were treated by oral intubation with an concentration of the test compound of 6000 and 10 000 mg/kg bw. Physical condition and rate of deaths were monitored throughout the whole observation period. Just after treatment all birds vomitted. No other compound related symptoms were observed. The animals recovered within 24 hours. They were killed at the end of the observation period. The acute oral LD50 of CGA 65047 in Peking ducks of both sexes observed over a period of 7 days is greater than 10 000 mg/kg. FeNaEDDHA has therefore practically no acute toxicity to the "5-day old Peking duck" by this route of administration.

Reference 5

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to birds: acute oral toxicity test

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1977

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: no Guideline indicated

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

GLP compliance:

not specified

Dose method:

other: oral intubation

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

yes

Test organisms (species):

other: pheasant

Details on test organisms:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: CIBA-GEIGY Limited, Basle, Switzerland
- Age at study initiation: 10 to 12 days old
- Weight at study initiation: 30 to 70 g
- Housing: groups of ten in a warm battery (heated to 30 degree C) fitted with a wire mesh floor
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum, pheasant food
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 +/- 1 degree C
- Humidity (%): 55 +/- 5%
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 10 hours life cycle

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration (if not single dose):

7 d

No. of animals per sex per dose and/or stage:

10 animals per dose

Control animals:

no

Nominal and measured doses / concentrations:

6000 mg/kg, 10 000 mg/kg

Details on test conditions:

Test materiai and formulation: CGA 65047 was suspended with carboxymethyl-cellulose 2 %. Before treatment the Suspension was homogeneously dispersed with an Ultra-Turrax and during treatment it was kept stable with a magnetic stirrer.
Treatment and observations: Physical condition and rate of deaths were monitored throughout the whole Observation period.

Duration (if not single dose):

7 d

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

10 000 mg/kg bw

Conc. / dose based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Signs and Symptoms

Within 1 hour after treatment the birds in both groups showed apathy and curved position. These symptoms were more pronounced in the higher dose group. In addition to the above symptoms all animals vomitted parts of the treated substance within 4 hours. The surviving animals recovered within 5 to 6 days. They were killed at the end of the Observation period.

Rate of deaths:

Dose mg/kg	Concentration % of A.S.	No. Of Animals	Died within
			1 hr	24 hrs	48 hrs	7 days
6000	30	10	0	1	1	1
10000	30	10	0	2	2	4

No higher doses were possible

Conclusions:

The acute oral LD50 of the test substance in pheasants of both sexes observed over a period of 7 days is approximately 10 000 mg/kg bw.

Executive summary:

The acute oral LD50 of the test substance FeNaEDDHA in pheasants of both sexes observed over a period of 7 days is approximately 10 000 mg/kg bw. FeNaEDDHA has therefore practically ho acute toxicity to the "10-day old pheasant" by this route of administration.

Description of key information

The substance is not toxic to birds.

Additional information

In the available studies FeNaEDDHA has practically no acute toxicity to 5d old Peking duck and adult Japanese quail by oral intubation. The 8d-LC5O is determined to be > 6000 mg/kg bw for Peking ducks and Japanese quails of both sexes.