Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 237-430-5 | CAS number: 13780-39-7
Long-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
The conduct of a chronic toxicity study on fish with the target substance titanium oxychloride itself is being waived, as the substance is highly unstable in water and produces insoluble oxide after rapid hydrolysis. Nevertheless, based on the information available it can be concluded that neither the parent compound titanium tetrachloride, nor the target compound titanium oxychloride nor the final hydrolysis transformation products (namely titanium dioxide) exhibit chronic toxicity to fish.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The conduct of a chronic toxicity study on fish on the target substance itself is being waived, as the substance is highly unstable in water and produces insoluble oxide after rapid hydrolysis. Thus the aquatic hazard assessment is to be based on the transformation products. As pH effects are not true toxic effects and not relevant for assessment and as the chlorides are present in high natural background concentrations, the assessment bases on titanium dioxide, as follows:
1.) The low bioaccumulation tendency of titanium dioxide as being proven by the study of Frederici (2007)
2. ) The absence of any acute toxic effects to fish (see section short-term toxicity to fish)
3.) The absence of chronic toxic effects up to loading rates >= 1000 mg/l TiO2 by the long term study on TiO2 of Beim (1982). The study reports no effect to early life stages of minnows after 30 d exposure in saturated solution together with undissolved microdisperse matter in excess (however Klimisch-4 -rating can be assigned only, as study is poorly documented).
4.) Finally, titanium dioxide is virtually insoluble in water.
It is concluded that neither the target compound titanium oxychloride, nor parent compound titanium tetrachloride, nor the final hydrolysis transformation products titanium dioxide and hydrochloric acid (in its neutralised form) exhibit acute effects to fish at the level of their water solubility in addition with undissolved microdisperse matter in excess, even if ingested.
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