Dichloride titanium oxide

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

The study was performed in 1949 and did not follow any recognisable guideline. Application to the skin was carried twice per day on three consecutive days. Nevertheless, the conclusion of the study is consistent with expectation for the test substance, which hydrolysis to produce hydrochloric acid in contact with moist air and on moist surfaces, and is therefore considered reliable.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1949

Report date:

1949

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Guideline:

other: study performed in 1949, thus no guideline available

Deviations:

not applicable

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Undiluted test substance was applied to an area of clipped skin on each of three white guinea pigs. Applications were made twice per day on three
consecutive days.

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Titanium tetrachloride

EC Number:

231-441-9

EC Name:

Titanium tetrachloride

Cas Number:

7550-45-0

IUPAC Name:

titanium tetrachloride

Details on test material:

Test substance hydrolyses on contact with moist air or surfaces, liberating hydrochloric acid.

No information on purity is given in the test report.

Test animals

Species:

guinea pig

Strain:

not specified

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

No information available.

Test system

Type of coverage:

not specified

Preparation of test site:

shaved

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

no

Amount / concentration applied:

No information available.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

No information available.

Observation period:

No information available.

Number of animals:

3

Details on study design:

No information available.

Results and discussion

In vivo

Irritant / corrosive response data:

The result of exposure was a skin burn in each case which resulted in the destruction of the outer layers of the skin comparable to a second degree heat burn.

Other effects:

The authors of the study report that in addition to liberation of HCl, the reaction of titanium tetrachloride with water is strongly exothermic and may therefore cause heat burns in addition to chemical corrosivity.

Any other information on results incl. tables

No information was provided in the test report relating to scores for irritation parameters. The result of exposure was a skin burn in each case which resulted in the destruction of the outer layers of the skin comparable to a second degree heat burn.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

corrosive

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment

Conclusions:

Application of undiluted TiCl4 to the skin of guinea pigs resulted in tissue destruction comparable to second degree thermal burns. TiCl4 hydrolyses rapidly in contact with moisture, liberating hydrochloric acid, therefore the result of the study is consistent with expectation for exposure to HCl, and it can be concluded that TiCl4 is corrosive to skin.