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EC number: 219-924-2 | CAS number: 2576-47-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Genetic toxicity in vitro
Description of key information
Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for Ethanamine, 2-bromo-, hydrobromide (1:1) (IUPAC name: 2-bromoethanaminium bromide). The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system. Ethanamine, 2-bromo-, hydrobromide (1:1) failed to induce mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 in the presence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence the chemical is predicted to not classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
Based on the predicted result it can be concluded that the substance is considered to not toxic as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- genetic toxicity in vitro, other
- Remarks:
- gene mutation study in yeast
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from peer reviewed publication
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Refer below principle
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Reverse mutation was studied for the 2-Bromoethaneamine hydrobromide using yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- other: Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene mutation assay
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material: 2-Bromoethaneamine hydrobromide
- Molecular formula: C2H6BrNBrH
- Molecular weight: 204.892 g/mol
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: No data
- Purity: No data
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): No data - Target gene:
- his52, his7, met4, ade6 and ade7
- Species / strain / cell type:
- yeast, other: Schizosaccharomyces pombe strain Arg 1
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- Not applicable
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Cytokinesis block (if used):
- No data
- Metabolic activation:
- without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Exogeneous metabolic activation system- S9 and S100
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- No data
- Vehicle / solvent:
- No data
- Untreated negative controls:
- not specified
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- not specified
- True negative controls:
- not specified
- Positive controls:
- not specified
- Positive control substance:
- not specified
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- No data
- Rationale for test conditions:
- No data
- Evaluation criteria:
- The yeast cells were observed for reversion of mutation
- Statistics:
- No data
- Species / strain:
- yeast, other: Schizosaccharomyces pombe strain Arg 1
- Metabolic activation:
- without
- Genotoxicity:
- positive
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not specified
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not specified
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- not specified
- Additional information on results:
- No data
- Conclusions:
- 2-Bromoethaneamine hydrobromide induced reversion of mutation in yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and hence the chemical is likely to be mutagenic to yeast cells.
- Executive summary:
Reverse mutation was studied for the 2-Bromoethaneamine hydrobromide using yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe strain Arg 1. The study was performed without exogeneous metabolic activation system at either of the his52, his7, met4, ade6 and ade7 locus. All these systems allow the evaluation of back mutation induction at the original mutant site. 2-Bromoethaneamine hydrobromide induced reversion of mutation in yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe without exogeneous metabolic activation system and hence the chemical is likely to be mutagenic to yeast cells.
Reference
Table: Chemicals Tested for Mutagenicity on Stationary Phase Cells of Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Chemical |
Strain |
Metabolic activation |
Genetic end point |
Genetic activity |
2-Bromoethaneamine hydrobromide |
Arg 1 |
- |
Reverse mutation |
+ |
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (negative)
Genetic toxicity in vivo
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Gene mutation in vitro:
Prediction model based estimation for the target chemical and variuos peer reviewed publications for the target and read across chemical were and are summarized below to determine the mutagenic nature of Ethanamine, 2-bromo-, hydrobromide (1:1) (IUPAC name: 2-bromoethanaminium bromide):
Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for Ethanamine, 2-bromo-, hydrobromide (1:1) (IUPAC name: 2-bromoethanaminium bromide). The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system and strain TA1535 without S9 metabolic activation system. Ethanamine, 2-bromo-, hydrobromide (1:1) failed to induce mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 in the presence of S9 metabolic activation system and strain TA 1535 in the absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence the chemical is predicted to not classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
Another study for the target chemical was conducted by Lopreino et al (Mutation Research, 1983) on yeast. Reverse mutation was studied for the 2-Bromoethaneamine hydrobromide using yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe strain Arg 1. The study was performed without exogeneous metabolic activation system at either of thehis52, his7, met4, ade6 and ade7locus. All these systems allow the evaluation of back mutation induction at the original mutant site. 2-Bromoethaneamine hydrobromide induced reversion of mutation in yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe without exogeneous metabolic activation system and hence the chemical is likely to be mutagenic to yeast cells.
Gene mutation study for structurally and fuctionally similar read across chemical (RA CAS no 1119 -48 -8) was also reviewed. This study was given by Wellis et al ( Journal Of Applied Toxicology, 1988). The study was performed to determine the mutagenic nature of 4-(Methylamino)butanoic acid. Plate incorporation assay was performed at dose levels of 0.01 – 316µmol/plate. Concurrent positive and negative controls were incorporated in the study. All assay procedures were performed under yellow light to avoid photodynamic effects. Revertant colonies were counted manually or with a Biotran II automated colony counter. 4-(Methylamino)butanoic acid failed to induce gene mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100, TA102, TA104, TA97, TA98, TA2638, UTH8413 and UTH8414 both in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system nad hence the chemical is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
In another study for structurally and functionally similar read across (RA CAS no 56 -40 -6), Gene mutation toxicity study was performed by Haworth et al ( Environmental Mutagenesis, 1983) to determine the mutagenic nature of the test compound glycine (IUPAC name: Aminoacetic acid). The study was performed by the preincubation protocol usingSalmonellatyphimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100 both in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system. Preincubation was carried at 37°C for 20 mins followed by exposure period of 48 hrs at dose levels of 0, 10, 33, 100, 333 or 1000µg/plate (in lab 1) and 0, 100, 333, 1000, 3333 or 10000µg/plate (in lab 2). A dose related increase in the number of revertants was noted whether it be twofold over background or not. The test compound Glycine failed to induce mutation in the Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100 both in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence the chemical is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
As one of the study performed is on yeast, Saccharomyces pombe and positive results have been noted in the absence of metabolic activation system and no results were observed using metabolic activation system which is one of the important criteria to evaluate gene mutation. No other studies reflecting the positive nature of the test chemical were found. Hence, based on the information observed for the test chemical and its various read across, it is summarized that Ethanamine, 2-bromo-, hydrobromide (1:1) (IUPAC name: 2-bromoethanaminium bromide) is not likely to exhibit genetic toxicity. Thus, the chemical is not classified as a genetic toxicant as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.
Justification for classification or non-classification
As one of the study performed is on yeast, Saccharomyces pombe and positive results have been noted in the absence of metabolic activation system and no results were observed using metabolic activation system which is one of the important criteria to evaluate gene mutation. No other studies reflecting the positive nature of the test chemical were found. Hence, based on the information observed for the test chemical and its various read across, it is summarized that Ethanamine, 2-bromo-, hydrobromide (1:1) (IUPAC name: 2-bromoethanaminium bromide) is not likely to exhibit genetic toxicity. Thus, the chemical is not classified as a genetic toxicant as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.
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