Biphenyl-2-ol

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Only three test substance concentrations were tested. According to OECD Guideline 211, normally there should be at least five test concentrations arranged in a geometric series with a separation factor preferably not exceeding 3.2.

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: A stock solution was prepared to give the desired series of test concentrations. 10 mg of the test susbstance were added to 1 L of dilution water and treated for 1 h with and ultrasonic bath and afterwards stirred for 24 h. Finally undissolved particles of the test substance were removed by filtration.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: Bundesgesundheitsamt, Berlin, Germany; maintained since more than 15 years in the test facility
- Age of parental stock: <= 24 h
- Food type: Scenedesmus subspicatus
- Amount and frequency: day 1-7: 0.1 mg C/Daphnia/day; day 8-21: 0.2 mg C/Daphnia/day

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Hardness:

257-280.2 mg/L as CaCo3

Test temperature:

25 ± 1 °C

pH:

8.0 ± 0.2

Dissolved oxygen:

Control: 8.5 - 9.2 mg/L
Highest test concentration: 8.4 - 9.2 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test cocnentrations: control, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1 mg a.i./L
Mean measured concentrations: -, 0.009, 0.022, 0.07 mg a.i./L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, nominal volume, fill volume: glass beakers, 150 ml, 100 ml
- Aeration: none
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency): three times a week
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstitued water (M4-medium)
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Dissolved oxygen concentration, water temperature and pH-value were measured once a week in old and fresh media, in one replicate of the control and highest test substance concentration.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16:8 h light-darkness cycle
- Light intensity: not exceeding 800 lx

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Number of living offspring per parent animal and behaviour/mortality rate of parent Daphnia three times a week

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

0.022 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.009 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Details on results:

- Mortality of parent animals: none
- Time to first brood release: 5 days
- Mean reproduction rates: 88.4 %, 84.3 % and 81.5 % for the 0.01, 0.03 and 0.1 mg/L concentrations, respectively

Description of key information

NOEC (21 d) for Daphnia magna = 0.009 mg a.i./L (measured) related to reproduction.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

0.009 mg/L

Additional information

To assess the chronic toxicity of OPP (CAS-No. 90-43-7) on aquatic invertebrates a reproduction study with Daphnia magna is available. This test was performed according to OEC 211 and in GLP compliance. Under semi-static conditions individuals of Daphnia magna were exposed to OPP for 21 days. The observed NOEC (21 d) and LOEC (21 d) values were 0.009 mg a.i./L (measured) and 0.022 mg a.i./L (measured), respectively (Bruns, 2001).

Furthermore, another test on life cycle of Daphnia magna was performed for OPP by Caspers (1989) according to the Guideline Draft 4XI/681/86. However, due to some significant deficiencies (no analytical determination of test substance concentrations; test substance not specified, reproduction rate in control vessel only 44.4 neonates per parent) the results should only be regarded as additional information.