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2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl-4-[(2-methylphenyl)azo]phenyl]azo]-, ar-styrenated

EC number: 286-282-8 | CAS number: 85203-90-3

Life Cycle description
Uses advised against

Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Reference

Endpoint:: biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:: calculation (if not (Q)SAR)
Adequacy of study:: key study
Reliability:: 2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:: accepted calculation method
Justification for type of information:: Data is from computational model developed by USEPA
Qualifier:: according to guideline
Guideline:: other: Modeling database
Principles of method if other than guideline:: The Biodegradation Probability Program (BIOWIN) estimates the probability for the rapid aerobic biodegradation of an organic chemical in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms .The model is part of the EpiSuite program of the US-EPA. Estimations are made with BIOWIN version 4.10. Estimates are based upon fragment constants that were developed using multiple linear and non-linear regression analyses. Experimental biodegradation data for the multiple linear and non-linear regressions were obtained from Syracuse Research Corporation's (SRC) data base of evaluated biodegradation data (Howard et. al., 1987). This version (v4.10) designates the models as follows (see also Boethling et al. 2003):Biowin1 = linear probability modelBiowin2 = nonlinear probability modelBiowin3 = expert survey ultimate biodegradation modelBiowin4 = expert survey primary biodegradation modelBiowin5 = MITI linear modelBiowin6 = MITI nonlinear modelBiowin7 = anaerobic biodegradation model
GLP compliance:: not specified
Specific details on test material used for the study:: - Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl-4-[(2-methylphenyl) azo] phenyl] azo]-, ar-styrenated- Substance type: Organic- smiles : Cc1ccccc1N=Nc2ccc(c(C)c2)N=Nc3c4ccc(C(C)c5ccccc5)cc4cc(C(C)c6ccccc6)c3O- Molecular wt. : 588.76
Oxygen conditions:: other: aerobic (Biowin 1-6) and anaerobic (Biowin 7)
Inoculum or test system:: other: mixed populations of environmental microorganisms
Details on study design:: Using the computer tool BIOWIN v4.10 by US-EPA (EPIWIN) the aerobic as well as the anaerobic biodegradability of the test material can be estimated. The follwoing seven different models are used by the tool: Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI LInear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (calles Biowin 1-7, respectively). Due to this results the overall prediction of readily biodegradability is done for the desired chemical.Biowin 1 and 2, are intended to convey a general indication of biodegradability under aerobic conditions, and not for any particular medium. Biowin 1 (Linear model)The fast biodegradation probability for any compound is calculated by summing, for all the fragments present in that compound, the fragment coefficient multiplied by the number of instances of the fragment in the compound (for MW, the value of that parameter is multiplied by its coefficient), and then adding this summation to the equation constant which is 0.7475. The summed values for each fragment coefficient multiplied by the number of instances appear in the "VALUE" column of the linear results screen. Biowin 2 (Non-linear model)Calculation of the fast biodegradation probability for any compound begins by summing, for all the fragments present in that compound, the fragment coefficient multiplied by the number of instances of the fragment in the compound (for MW, the value of that parameter is multiplied by its coefficient), then adding this summation to the equation constant which is 3.0087. The summed values for each fragment coefficient multiplied by the number of instances appear in the "VALUE" column of the non-linear results screen. The non-linear fast biodegradation probability is then calculated from the logistic equation as follows, where total = 3.0087 + the summation as described above:Biowin 3 and 4 yield estimates for the time required to achieve complete ultimate and primary biodegradation in a typical or "evaluative" aquatic environment.Biowin 5 and 6 are predictive models for assessing a compound’s biodegradability in the Japanese MITI (Ministry of International Trade and Industry) ready biodegradation test; i.e. OECD 301C. These models use an approach similar to that used to develop Biowin1 and 2. This protocol for determining ready biodegradability is among six officially approved as ready biodegradability test guidelines of the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). A total dataset of 884 chemicals was compiled to derive the fragment probability values that are applied in this MITI Biodegradability method. The dataset consists of 385 chemical that were critically evaluated as "readily degradable" and 499 chemicals that were critically evaluated as "not readily biodegradable". Biowin 7, the anaerobic biodegradation model, is the most recent. As for the other Biowin models, multiple (linear) regression against molecular fragments was used to develop the model, which predicts probability of rapid degradation in the "serum bottle" anaerobic biodegradation screening test. This endpoint is assumed to be predictive of degradation in a typical anaerobic digester. Biowin7 estimates the probability of fast biodegradation under methanogenic anaerobic conditions; specifically, under the conditions of the "serum bottle" anaerobic biodegradation screening test (Meylan et al. 2007). A total of 169 compounds with serum bottle test data were identified for use in model development. Out of seven different Biowin models, Biowin model 3 and 4 will help in estimating biodgeradability of the test chemical which was described as below-Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe and Primary Biodegradation Timeframe (Biowin 3 and 4)These two models estimate the time required for "complete" ultimate and primary biodegradation. Primary biodegradation is the transformation of a parent compound to an initial metabolite. Ultimate biodegradation is the transformation of a parent compound to carbon dioxide and water, mineral oxides of any other elements present in the test compound, and new cell material. Then the rating was given to each model, which indicates the time required to achieve ultimate and primary biodegradation in a typical or "evaluative" aquatic environment. The ratings for each compound were averaged to obtain a single value for modeling. The ultimate or primary rating of a compound is calculated by summing, for all the fragments present in that compound.
Remarks on result:: other: not readily biodegradable as estimated by BIOWIN model
Details on results:: Biowin1 (Linear Model Prediction) : 0.5743: Biodegrades FastBiowin2 (Non-Linear Model Prediction): 0.0000: Does Not Biodegrade FastBiowin3 (Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe): 1.0984: RecalcitrantBiowin4 (Primary Biodegradation Timeframe): 2.6681: Weeks-MonthsBiowin5 (MITI Linear Model Prediction) : -0.8301: Does Not Biodegrade FastBiowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model Prediction): 0.0000: Does Not Biodegrade FastBiowin7 (Anaerobic Model Prediction): -1.7163: Does Not Biodegrade FastReady Biodegradability Prediction: NO
Validity criteria fulfilled:: not specified
Interpretation of results:: not readily biodegradable
Conclusions:: The biodegradability of the substance was calculated using seven different Biowin 1-7 models of the BIOWIN v4.10 software. The results indicate that the test chemical 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl-4-[(2-methylphenyl)azo]phenyl]azo]-, ar-styrenated is expected to be not readily biodegradable.
Executive summary:: Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2017) was run to predict the biodegradation potential of the test compound 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl-4-[(2-methylphenyl) azo]phenyl]azo]-, ar-styrenated (CAS no. 85203 -90 -3) in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms. The biodegradability of the substance was calculated using seven different models such as Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI Linear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (called as Biowin 1-7, respectively) of the BIOWIN v4.10 software. The results indicate that chemical 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl- 4-[(2-methylphenyl)azo]phenyl]azo]-, ar-styrenated is expected to be not readily biodegradable.

Description of key information

Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2017) was run to predict the biodegradation potential of the test compound 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl-4-[(2-methylphenyl) azo]phenyl]azo]-, ar-styrenated (CAS no. 85203 -90 -3) in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms. The biodegradability of the substance was calculated using seven different models such as Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI Linear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (called as Biowin 1-7, respectively) of the BIOWIN v4.10 software. The results indicate that chemical 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl- 4-[(2-methylphenyl)azo]phenyl]azo]-, ar-styrenated is expected to be not readily biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:: under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Additional information

One predicted data study for target chemical 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl-4-[(2-methylphenyl) azo]phenyl]azo]-, ar-styrenated (CAS no. 85203 -90 -3) and three experimental studies for its structurally similar read across chemicals have been conducted and their results are summarized below.

In first weight of evidence study the prediction was done by using Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2017) in this study the biodegradation potential of the test compound 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl-4-[(2-methylphenyl) azo]phenyl]azo]-, ar-styrenated (CAS no. 85203 -90 -3) was estimated in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms. The biodegradability of the substance was calculated using seven different models such as Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI Linear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (called as Biowin 1-7, respectively) of the BIOWIN v4.10 software. The results indicate that chemical 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl- 4-[(2-methylphenyl)azo]phenyl]azo]-, ar-styrenated is expected to be not readily biodegradable.

Second study was experimental study done from authoritative database (HSDB, 2017) for structurally similar read across chemical in this study the test chemical showed 0.0% biodegradation by considering BOD as parameter in 5 days, and by taking sewage as inoculums. So it is concluded that read across chemical disodium 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate is not readily biodegradable.

Next supporting weight of evidence study was also experimental study done from authoritative database (J check, 2017) in this study test chemical was subjected to biodegradation test by taking sludge as inoculums at 30 mg/L concentration. Biodegradation was analysed by using BOD parameter. The initial concentration of read across chemical was 100 mg/L. After 2 weeks (14 days) test chemical showed 0 % biodegradability by BOD parameter and by taking activated sludge as inoculumin 14 days. on the basis of percent degradability it is concluded that test chemical is not readily biodegradable.

Last supporting weight of evidence study was also experimental study done from UERL laboratory in this study biodegradation of test chemical was determined by using 28-days Manometric respirometry test following the OECD guideline 301 F. The test system included control, test item and reference item. The concentration of read across and reference item (Sodium Benzoate) chosen for the study was 20 mg/l and 30 mg/l, while that of inoculum was 10ml/L. ThOD (Theoretical oxygen demand) of test and reference item was determined by calculation. % Degradation was calculated using the values of BOD and ThOD for test item and reference item. The BOD28 value of test chemical was observed to be 0.050mgO2/mg. ThOD was calculated as 1.088 mgO2/mg. Accordingly, the % degradation of the read across item after 28 days of incubation at 20 ± 1°C according to manometric respirometry test was determined to be 4.596 %. Based on the results, the test chemical, under the test conditions, was considered to be not readily biodegradable at 20 ± 1°C over a period of 28 days.

On the basis of above results for target chemical 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl-4-[(2-methylphenyl) azo]phenyl]azo]-, ar-styrenated (CAS no. 85203 -90 -3)from ( EPI suite 2017) and for its read across substances ( from authoritative databases and UERL laboratory) the target chemical 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[2-methyl-4-[(2-methylphenyl) azo]phenyl]azo]-, ar-styrenated (CAS no. 85203 -90 -3)can be expected to be not readily biodegradable.

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