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Sediment toxicity

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Description of key information

Bromine in contact to water forms a mixture of brominated oxidants such as hydrobromic and hypobromous acids (See Annex VIII Section 9.2.2.1 Hydrolysis). Oxidants produced from bromine in water are known to be very toxic to aquatic organisms and very reactive. This fact is reflected in the EU Classification and Labelling of bromine as it is classified/labelled with the symbol “N” (dangerous for the environment) and the risk phrase “R50” (very toxic to aquatic organisms). Inorganic bromide is the principal ultimate degradant from reaction of these species. As the reaction products themselves are reactive in the environment they will finally degrade forming inorganic bromide  Bromide occurs naturally in the environment. Due to the high water solubility and reactivity of the reaction products it is not expected that considerable amounts will be distributed to sediment. Therefore, water can be considered the primary target compartment for bromine degradation products.
In the presence of natural waters or test media containing biological molecules, other brominated oxidant species may also be formed.
Stringent controls are used to avoid environmental releases.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information

Bromine in contact to water forms a mixture of brominated oxidants such as hydrobromic and hypobromous acids (See Annex VIII Section 9.2.2.1 Hydrolysis). Oxidants produced from bromine in water are known to be very toxic to aquatic organisms and very reactive. This fact is reflected in the EU Classification and Labelling of bromine as it is classified/labelled with the symbol “N” (dangerous for the environment) and the risk phrase “R50” (very toxic to aquatic organisms). The available acute toxicity data for three trophic levels in the aquatic environment reflect this short-term toxicity. As the reaction products themselves are reactive in the environment they will finally degrade forming inorganic bromide Inorganic bromide is the principal ultimate degradant from reaction of these species. Any possible long-term toxicity of bromine can be related to bromide. Bromide occurs naturally in the environment. In the presence of natural waters or test media containing biological molecules, other brominated oxidant species may also be formed. Stringent controls are used to avoid environmental releases.