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EC number: 222-720-6 | CAS number: 3586-55-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- The stability of the test item under test conditions was tested during this study. The test item dissociates in the aqueous phase to give a mixture of ethylene glycol and formaldehyde. This process was demonstrated to be almost complete up to concentrations of at least 28 mg/L (data given by the sponsor).
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Chemical analyses performed with the test solutions at the start of incubation and after 24h (four times during the test duration).
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: The test solutions were prepared freshly every day of the test. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna STRAUS (clone 5)
- Source: Laboratory breed originally derived from Umweltbundesamt Berlin, Germany
- Age of parental stock: < 24 h
- Breeding method: Animals were transferred in new test medium at an interval of 1 to 3 days followed by feeding
- Feeding during test: Yes, Desmodesmus subspicatus
- Food type: Desmodesmus subspicatus- and/or Chlorella spp.-cells
- Amount: 0.1-0.2 mg C/Daphnia
- Frequency: Every 1 to 3 days
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Acclimation for 3 weeks prior to test - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Test temperature:
- 19.0 – 20.7°C, measured daily
- pH:
- 7.30 - 9.37, measured daily
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.0 - 9.1 mg/L, measured daily
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Initial concentrations: 20.0, 8.0, 3.2, 1.28, 0.512, 0.2048 mg/L + control
Actual concentrations: In freshly prepared test solutions, the recovery of formaldehyde was in the range between 87.1 and 114.3% of the nominal concentrations. The test item remained stable at >80% of the initial values. For this reason, the results of this test are based on the nominal concentrations tested. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 mL
- Renewal rate of test solution: 1 / day
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 13
- Biomass loading rate: 100 mL/animal
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Elendt M7 medium, according to Guideline
- Ca/Mg ratio: according to Guideline
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: Day/night : 16h/8h
- Light intensity: Mean intensity 1.00 klx ≈ 15.0 µE/m2s
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
Offspring animals were counted daily and were then eliminated from the treatments.
Mortality
Number of living offspring produced per parent animal
Intrinsic rate of population growth
Age at first reproduction
Size of the parent animals, measured at test end
Daily examination of biological parameters, except size of animals (at end of test) - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- A reference item was not tested within this study. In order to verify the sensitivity of the test system towards toxic items the effect of potassium dichromate towards different animals of this breed was tested once a month.
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 20 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 10.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI 10.7-11.0 mg/L
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC20
- Effect conc.:
- 15.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI 15.2-15.4 mg/L
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 29.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI 29.0-29.8 mg/L
- Details on results:
- No test item related effects were found for the additional endpoints (i) intrinsic rate of population growth, (ii) age at first reproduction and (iii) size of the parent animals at test end. Thus, NOECs for all additional endpoints are ≥ 20 mg/L.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- EC50 (24h) in the test period was 1.5 mg/L potassium dichromate
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The statistical calculations were done using the commercial computer program ToxRatPro Version2.09 (08.11.2006)
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- EGForm was found to be harmful towards daphnids reproduction
- Executive summary:
The test was performed according to the OECD Guideline 211. The invertebrate Daphnia magna was used as the test organism. The animals were exposed to 6 concentrations of EGForm, ranging from 0.205 to 20.0 mg/L, and one control. The test was carried out in a semistatic system with daily renewal of the test solutions. All concentrations were tested using 13 replicates. The test was performed at 19.0 – 20.7 °C in Elendt 7 medium prepared as described in the Guideline. Within the test period of 21 days cumulative living offspring produced per parent animal was recorded for each concentration. Temperature, pH and oxygen content were measured daily in both freshly prepared and 24 h old test solutions. In addition, the age at first reproduction and (at the end of the test) the sizes of the parent animals were recorded. The stability of the test item was controlled by formaldehyde measurements in freshly prepared medium and after 24 h of incubation.
EGForm was found to be harmful towards daphnids reproduction. The numerical results are given below; all results refer to the nominal concentrations since formaldehyde was shown to be stable within the incubation period. All validity criteria according to the Guideline are met within the study.
A clear concentration-response relationship can be established from the study results. While at 8 mg/L no significant effects were observed, reproduction was inhibited by >10% at 20 mg/L.
No test item related effects were found for the additional endpoints intrinsic rate of population growth, age at first reproduction and size of the parent animals at test end. Thus, NOECs for all additional endpoints are ≥ 20 mg/L.
The test substance EGForm hydrolyses rapidly and completely in the test medium, forming ethylene glycol and formaldehyde. Formaldehyde is expected to dominate the toxicity of EGForm in aqueous solutions. Formaldehyde is expected to be not volatile in the test solution, and no losses due to adsorption are expected.
Analysis of the formaldehyde content in the test solutions proved the test item to remain stable at >80% of the initial values over the respective 24 h inbubation period. For this reason, the results of this test are based on the nominal concentrations tested.
Reference
Results of measurements:
Nominal Conc. [mg/L] |
Recovery [%] after 24 h |
|||
6 d |
10 d |
13 d |
17 d |
|
0.205 |
87.1 |
88.0 |
114.3 |
90.7 |
0.512 |
89.2 |
89.2 |
89.2 |
88.4 |
1.280 |
74.9 |
87.9 |
87.9 |
88.8 |
3.200 |
106.6 |
89.1 |
106.6 |
80.9 |
8.000 |
99.0 |
94.2 |
98.3 |
91.4 |
20.000 |
98.8 |
93.0 |
99.4 |
105.5 |
Effect data:
Nominal Conc. [mg/L] |
No. offspring / living parent |
Dead parent animals |
control |
61.4 |
0 |
0.2048 |
61.3 |
1 (day 15) |
0.512 |
61.5 |
2 (days <7, 16) |
1.28 |
57.6 |
2 (days 5, 6) |
3.20 |
58.0 |
1 (day <7) |
8.00 |
58.5 |
0 |
20.0 |
42.3 |
0 |
Description of key information
A test on reproduction of Daphnia magna was performed according to the OECD Guideline 211 in a semistatic system. Test parameters were mortality, reproduction, the age at first reproduction and the size of the parent animals at the end of the test. The NOEC based on reproduction was found to be 8.0 mg/L. Analytical measurements revealed that the formaldehyde content remained stable at >80% of the initial values over the exposure period. Therefore, for deriving the effect values the nominal values can be used.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Marine water invertebrates
Marine water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 8 mg/L
Additional information
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