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EC number: 209-544-5 | CAS number: 584-84-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
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- Auto flammability
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- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
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- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
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- Nanomaterial specific surface area
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- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
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- Endpoint summary
- Stability
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- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
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- Terrestrial toxicity
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- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
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- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- data not available
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: no GLP, 24h application period (guideline 4h), no individual scores reported
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 976
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Draize test: the procedure involves applying 0.5 ml of the test substance to intact or abraded skin of rabbits for 24h. The degree of irritation/corrosion is read and scored at 24h, 48h and 72h. The experiment included histopathological examinations of the induced lesions.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-methyl-m-phenylene diisocyanate
- EC Number:
- 209-544-5
- EC Name:
- 4-methyl-m-phenylene diisocyanate
- Cas Number:
- 584-84-9
- Molecular formula:
- C9H6N2O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2,4-diisocyanato-1-methylbenzene
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2,4-TDI (Merck - Schuchardt)
- purity: around 97 %
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- female animals,
body weight 2.4 -3.1 kg
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- semiocclusive
- Preparation of test site:
- other: intact or abraded
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 ml - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 24 hours
- Observation period:
- 3 weeks (24h, 48h, 72h, 10days
- Number of animals:
- 6
- Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: no data
- % coverage: no data
- Type of wrap if used: the treated area was covered with a gauze patch, which was held in contact with the skin by means of a suitable semi-occlusive, sterile cotton-dressing for the duration of the exposure period.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE: no data
SCORING SYSTEM: Scores obtained at 24h and 72h were used to calculate a primary dermal irritation index.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- primary dermal irritation index (PDII)
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 24h and 72h
- Score:
- 3.6
- Max. score:
- 8
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 3 weeks
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Macroscopic evaluation at 24 hours:
- Erythema: slight 2/6, moderate 3/6, severe 1/6
- Oedema: very slight 3/6, moderate 3/6.
Lesions on abraded skin seem slightly more severe than on intact skin.
Slight regression by 72 h.
Primary cutaneous irritation index of 3.6 on a 0-8 scale.
(0-2 equals slight, 2-5 medium and 5-8 severe irritation.)
Resolution in 3 weeks.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Macroscopic and microscopic observation of induced lesions (rabbit skin)
I- Macroscopic lesions assays within 3 day periods
A polymerisation reaction was described, when the TDI came into contact with the water emitted by the skin surface. As a consequence the application pad adhered to the skin.
After 24 hours treated sites (intact and abraded) were whitely, scaly-like (product rests) and furry, underneath the whole patch surface. The observed lesions were delimitated by a fine reddish borderline and appeared deep-rooted compared to the adjacent skin. The treated sites felt hard by contact, probably (no certitude) due to polymer deposition or to superficial necrosis.
- Slight erythema in 2/6 animals - Very slight edema in 3/6 animals
- Moderate erythema in 3/6 animals - Moderate edema in 3/6 animals
- Important erythema in 1/6 animals - Casually moderate at abraded sites
NB: the lesions were slightly more severe at abraded test sites
c) During the following 2 days the lesions were stable or slightly decreasing.
II- Microscopic lesions on day 3 (identical for intact and abraded sites)
- Epidermic atrophy with exulceration overlapping a reactive dermis (congestion of superficial dermal vessels containing inflammatory polymorphic infiltrate)
- Or necrosis of epidermis / superficial dermis, accompanied by granular tissue formation under which neoepidermis was emerging; polymorphic infiltrate in mid and deep dermis layers.
Temporary lesions were also observed.
III- Macroscopic and microscopic evolution of the observed lesions
At day 10 the lesions observed in intact sites were more severe than those at abraded sites.
Subcutaneous scar formation was observed in one animal.
In 3 animals brilliant scar with eschar formation wer observed at abraded sites; and moderate erythema with necrotic areas sometime with hemorrhage and moderate (mid) edema at intact sites.
All reversible within 3 weeks.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- moderately irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment
- Conclusions:
- The 2,4-TDI was considered to be a skin irritant. This substance is classified irritant according to EU criteria and the GHS.
- Executive summary:
In a primary dermal irritation study (Duprat et al., 1976), six albino female rabbits were dermally exposed to 0.5 ml of 2,4-TDI (97 % of purity) for 24 hours. Test sites (abraded or intact) were covered with a semi-occlusive dressing. Animals then where observed for 3 weeks. The skin reactions were assessed at 24, 48 and 72 hours, as well as, 10 days and 3 weeks after removal of the dressing. Slight to severe erythema and very slight to moderate oedema were observed at 24 hours. Results obtained on abraded skin seemed more severe at 24 hours. At day 3, microscopic observations did not revealed any difference between intact or abraded treated skin. The primary dermal irritation index (based on scores obtained at 24 and 72 hours) was 3.6 on 0-8 scale. Skin effects were reversible within 3 weeks. In the conditions of this test, Toluene diisocyanate (isomer 2,4) is a skin irritant.
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