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EC number: 204-211-0 | CAS number: 117-81-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Type of information:
- other: review article
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: 2g: Data from handbook or collection of data. Reliablity and realistic data and environmental conditions were taken into consideration by authors
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Degardation of phthalate esters in the environment.
- Author:
- Peterson D.R. and Staples C.A.
- Year:
- 2 003
- Bibliographic source:
- in "The handbook of environmental chemistry", Vol 3, Part Q, 85-124.
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline required
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- This study is an analysis of the published data regarding fate an behaviour of organic contaminants (including DEHP) in the different compartment of the environment.
- Type of study / information:
- General analysis of the fate and behaviour of DEHP in all environment compartments.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- bis(2-ethylexyl) phthalate
- IUPAC Name:
- bis(2-ethylexyl) phthalate
- Reference substance name:
- Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
- EC Number:
- 204-211-0
- EC Name:
- Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
- Cas Number:
- 117-81-7
- Molecular formula:
- C24H38O4
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,2-bis(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
The half lifes defined for high molecular weight phthalic acid esters by the authors are summarized in the following table:
Environmental compartment |
Route |
Rate (d-1) |
Half-life (d) |
Half life (h) |
Surface water and sediment |
Biodegradation (aerobic) |
0.2-2.0 |
3.5-0.35 |
84-8.4 |
Soil |
Biodegradation (aerobic) |
0.01-0.1 |
69-7 |
1663-166 |
Soil and sediments |
Biodegradation (anaerobic) |
0.006-0.1 |
116-69 |
2784-1656 |
Wastewater |
Slurry phase |
0.75 |
0.92 |
22 |
Air |
Photolysis (indirect) |
3.5-1.2 |
0.6-0.3 |
14.4-7.2 |
The results are clearly in opposition with conclusion of the RAR (2008). However and as described by the authors, the guidance document R16 on Environmental exposure estimation specified increase in half lives with an increase in Kp is based o the hypothesis that chemicals adsorbed on sediment are not degraded. The authors based their estimation on environmentally relevant studies on natural water, inoculates from likely to be impacted by phthalates esters.
Moreover, since this analysis, new studies have demonstrated that DEHP is degraded in soil and sludge from WTP even after adsorption. These data support the analysis made by Peterson and Staples (2003).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- In the analysis made by the authors, and according to guidance document R11 on PBT assessment, DEHP does not fulfill the criteria for persistence as none of the half lives is equal or above the thresholds of 60 days in marine water, 40 days in freshwaters, 180 days in marine sediment or 120 days in freshwater sediments and soil.
- Executive summary:
Peterson and Staples examined measured and modelised data on phthalic acid esters in order to estimate the fate in every environment compartments. The authors selected relevant and reliable data from the literature available in 2003 on of phthalic acid esters. They gave priority to simulation studies, microcosms and field studies done under environmentally realistic conditions. They perform their analysis for each compartment and took in consideration abiotic and biotic factors (in particular the bioavailability, the concentration of the substance, oxygen conditions).
On basis of their properties (Kp, LogKow, volatilization) authors considered separately low and high molecular weight substances between C1 to C4 alcohol side chain and C6 and above alcohol side chain respectively. DEHP is in the second category.
The half lifes defined for high molecular weight phthalic acid esters by the authors are summarized in the following table:
Environmental compartment
Route
Rate (d-1)
Half-life (d)
Half life (h)
Surface water and sediment
Biodegradation (aerobic)
0.2-2.0
3.5-0.35
84-8.4
Soil
Biodegradation (aerobic)
0.01-0.1
69-7
1663-166
Soil and sediments
Biodegradation (anaerobic)
0.006-0.1
116-69
2784-1656
Wastewater
Slurry phase
0.75
0.92
22
Air
Photolysis (indirect)
3.5-1.2
0.6-0.3
14.4-7.2
In the analysis made by the authors, and according to guidance document R11 on PBT assessment, DEHP does not fulfill the criteria for persistence as none of the half lives is equal or above the thresholds of 60 days in marine water, 40 days in freshwaters, 180 days in marine sediment or 120 days in freshwater sediments and soil.
The results are clearly in opposition with conclusion of the RAR (2008). However and as described by the authors, the guidance document R16 on Environmental exposure estimation specified increase in half lives with an increase in Kp is based o the hypothesis that chemicals adsorbed on sediment are not degraded. The authors based their estimation on environmentally relevant studies on natural water, inoculates from likely to be impacted by phthalates esters.
Moreover, since this analysis, new studies have demonstrated that DEHP is degraded in soil and sludge from WWTP even after adsorption. These data support the analysis made by Peterson and Staples (2003).
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