Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 201-126-0 | CAS number: 78-59-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method: other: Acute Toxicity Test
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Artemia salina
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISMS
- Source/supplier: dried eggs from Carolina Biological Supply Co., Burlington, N.C.
- Breeding method: aeration in synthetic seawater until hatching was completed; settling out of unhatched eggs, concentration of shrimps in
beam of light and transport to separate container
- Control group: synthetic seawater
- Age: 48 hours - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- saltwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Test temperature:
- 24.5 °C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0, 100, 180, 320, 560, 1000 mg/l (selection based on screening test)
- Details on test conditions:
- DILUTION WATER
- Synthetic seawater: 557.37 g NaCl, 27.20 g CaSO4, 63.36 g MgSO4 x 7 H2O, 168.30 g MgCl2, 15.84 g KCl, 3.14 g MgBr2 x 6 H2O, all dissolved in 20 l of distilled water in this order
TEST SYSTEM
- Concentrations: 100, 180, 320, 560, 1000 mg/l (selection based on screening test)
- Renewal of test solution: no
- Exposure vessel type: 150 ml wide-mouth bottles (test volume of 100 ml)
- Number of replicates, individuals per replicate: 1; 30-50 (up to 48 h old)
TEST PARAMETER
- immobility (no movement of the phyllopodia = appendages) - Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 430 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: Endpoint used was TLm (median tolerance limit)
- Details on results:
- A straight line was obtained by plottting the percent survival versus the test dosage concentration (logarithmic scale). The concentration at which this line crosses 50 percent survival is reported as the TLm (median Tolerance Limit).
- Executive summary:
The saltwater shrimp Artemia salina was exposed to 5 different concentrations of the substance for a period of 24 h. The following endpoint was derived
EC50 (referred to as TLm): 430 mg/L
The test was conducted according to standard methods and was assessed as "reliable with restrictions".
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: DIN 38412, part 11
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method: other: DIN 38412 part 11
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- STOCK AND TEST SOLUTION AND THEIR PREPARATION
- Concentration: 2 g/l, no solvent or vehicle - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISMS
- Strain: Daphnia magna, Hüls
- Source/supplier: Hüls AG (inhouse)
- Breeding method: in 1 l jars with dechlorinated drinking water, water renewal every 2-3 days, isolation of juveniles for further breeding after 4 weeks
- Feeding: Chlorella vulgaris, as much as consumed
- Pretreatment: Filtration of adults 24 h prior to testing - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Test temperature:
- 20 +/- 1 °C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- control, 60; 90; 120; 180; 250; 350; 500; 700; 1000 mg/l (nominal concentrations)
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Exposure vessel type: 25 ml graduated cylinder
- Number of replicates, individuals per replicate: 4 replicates with 5 individuals each
- Age at study start: < 24 hours
- Feeding during test: no
- Control group: 2 reference substance controls, one blank
TEST PARAMETER
- immobilisation
DILUTION WATER
- Source: Synthetic:
- CaCl2 x 2 H2O: 294 mg/l
- MgSO4 x 7 H2O: 123 mg/l
- NaHCO3: 63 mg/l
- KCl: 5.5 mg/l
- Ca/Mg ratio: 4:1
- Na/K ratio: 10:1 - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate, CAS RN 7778-50-9
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 90 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 254 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL 221-293
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- 500 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- EC50 values were calculated using probit analysis according to Cavalli-Sforza 1972
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- RESULTS: TEST WITH REFERENCE SUBSTANCE
- Concentrations: 0.9 / 1.9 mg/l
- Results: 5 / 95 % immobilisation - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- 95 % confidence interval of LC50: 221-293 mg/l
- Conclusions:
- The EC50 value was determined as 254 mg/L indicating that the test item does not pose a significant hazard to aquatic invertebrates.
- Executive summary:
The acute effects on Daphnia magna were investigated in a static 24h test in accordance with the national guideline DIN 38412, part 11. Nine concentrations ranging from 60 to 1000 mg/L were tested. The following endpoints were derived
EC50 (24h): 254 mg/L; 95% CL: 221- 293 mg/L
The study was assessed as "reliable with restrictions".
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Methods for acute toxicity tests with fish, macroinvertebrates, and amphibians, US EPA (1975)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- STOCK AND TEST SOLUTION AND THEIR PREPARATION
- Vehicle, solvent: not reported, probably none
- A stock solution in distilled water was prepared
- Other procedures: Preparation depended on solubility.
- Procedures are reported but not assigned to substances. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISMS
- Source/supplier: EG&G Bionomics inhouse
- Age: < 24 hours
- Dilution water: deionized reconstituted well water
- pH of dilution water was adjusted to pH 8.0 +/- 0.2 according to a.m. guideline - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 173 +/- 13 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 22 +/- 1 °C
- pH:
- 8.0 +/- 0.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- > 60 % at study initiation
- ranged from 6.5-9.1 mg/l for all tests - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Concentrations: 5 to 8, values not reported
- Renewal of test solution: no
- Exposure vessel type: 250 ml beaker
- Number of replicates, individuals per replicate: 3, 5
- when appropriate, a solvent control was used - Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 15 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 120 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL 72-170
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 430 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL 360-500
- Details on results:
- The LC50's and 95% confidence limits were calculated using a moving average angle method or by Probit analysis after converting the nominal
concentrations to logarithms - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - no data
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The LC50 value (48 hours) was calculated to be 120 mg/L indicating that the test substance does not pose a significant hazard to aquatic invertebrates.
- Executive summary:
The acute effects of the test item on Daphnia magna were investigated in a static 48h test in accordance with general accepted scientific standards. The following endpoints were derived
LC50 (48h): 120 mg/L; 95% CL: 72 -170 mg/L; NOEC: 15 mg/L
The study was assessed as "reliable with restrictions".
Referenceopen allclose all
- Concentration / response table:
60 / 90 mg/l: 0 % immobile
120 / 180 mg/l: 15 % immobile
250 mg/l: 50 % immobile
350 mg/l: 65 % immobile
500 / 700 / 1000 mg/l: 100 % immobile
Description of key information
The acute toxicity of the substance to Daphnia magna was determined in a static 48-h test conducted according to a U.S. EPA guideline (LeBlanc, 1980). A second acute toxicity study (24 h) was conducted by Hüls AG, 1996 according to DIN 38412 which is similar to OECD 202. Both studies were assessed as "reliable with restrictions".
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 120 mg/L
Additional information
After 24 h of exposure, the LC50 was calculated to be 430 mg/l, while after a period of 48 h a LC50 of 120 mg/l and a NOEC of 15 mg/l were obtained (LeBlanc, 1980). Based on immobilization, the nominal EC50 of the study conducted by Huels AG, 1996 was reported to be 254 mg/l. The lowest available 48 -h LC50 was found to be 120 mg/l (LeBlanc, 1980) and will be considered as the relevant endpoint for the short-term toxicity of the test item to aquatic invertebrates.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
