Guanidinium thiocyanate

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

no data

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1998

Report date:

1998

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.4 (Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Guanidinium thiocyanate

EC Number:

209-812-1

EC Name:

Guanidinium thiocyanate

Cas Number:

593-84-0

Molecular formula:

CH5N3.CHNS

IUPAC Name:

amino(imino)methanaminium thiocyanate

impurity 1

Reference substance name:

unknown

IUPAC Name:

unknown

Test material form:

solid: bulk

Specific details on test material used for the study:

1210.7339

Test animals

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: David Percival Ltd, Moston, Sandbach, Cheshire, UK
- Age at study initiation: 12 - 16 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 3.03 kg
- Housing: The animal was individually housed in a suspended metal cage.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): (STANRAB SQC Rabbit Diet, Special Diets Services ltd, Witham, Essex, UK) ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: minimum
acclimatisation period of five days

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 17 - 21 °C
- Humidity (%): 49 - 60 %
- Air changes (per hr): 15/hr
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hour dark/light cycle

IN-LIFE DATES: From: To:

Test system

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Preparation of test site:

clipped

Vehicle:

water

Controls:

no

Amount / concentration applied:

Test Material
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 g of the test material, moistened with 0.8 mL distilled water

Duration of treatment / exposure:

4 hours

Observation period:

14 days

Number of animals:

1

Details on study design:

TEST SITE
Three suitable test sites were selected on the back of the rabbit.
At each test site a quantity of 0.5g of the test material, moistened with 0.8 ml of distilled water, was introduced under a 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm cotton gauze patch and placed in position on the shorn skin.
Each patch was secured in position with a strip of surgical adhesive tape (BLENDERM: approximate size 2.5 cm x 4.0 cm).
To prevent the animal interfering with the patches, the trunk of the rabbit was wrapped in an elasticated corset (TUBIGRIP) and the animal was returned to its cage for the duration of the exposure period.

One patch was removed at each of three time points: 3 minutes, 1 hour and 4 hours after application. Any residual test material was removed by
gentle swabbing with cotton wool soaked in distilled water.


SCORING SYSTEM: Draize scoring

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Results 1

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

animal #1

Remarks:

3-minute exposure

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Results 2

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

animal #1

Remarks:

3-minute exposure

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Results 3

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

animal #1

Remarks:

1-hour exposure

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Results 4

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

animal #1

Remarks:

1-hour exposure

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Results 5

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

animal #1

Remarks:

4-hour exposure

Time point:

24 h

Score:

3

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

not reversible

Remarks on result:

other: corrosive - adverse reactions from 48 hour reading onwarts prevented accurate evaluation of oedema

Results 6

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

animal #1

Remarks:

4-hour exposure

Time point:

24 h

Score:

3

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

not reversible

Remarks on result:

other: corrosive -adverse reactions from 48 hour reading onwarts prevented accurate evaluation of erythema

Irritant / corrosive response data:

4-Hour Exposure Period:
Moderate to severe haemorrhage (attributed a Draize score of 3) and blanching of the skin were noted at the treated skin site one hour after patch removal and at the 24-hour observation. Loss of skin elasticity and flexibility were also noted at the treated skin site at the 24-hour observation. A hardened dark brown/black-coloured scab and well-defined erythema surrounding other skin reactions were noted at the treated skin site at the 48 and 72-hour observations with blanching of the skin also noted at the 48-hour observation. A sunken, hardened, dark brown/black coloured scab resembling a crater was noted at the treated skin site at the 7-day observation.
A sunken, hardened, dark brown/black coloured scab resembling a crater, lifting to reveal further deep scabbing, and scar tissue were noted at the treated skin site at the 14-day observation.
Moderate oedema was noted at the treated skin site one hour after patch removal and at the 24-hour observation.
The reactions noted at the 48-hour and subsequent observations precluded the evaluation of erythema and oedema.
The reactions noted at the treated skin site were indicative of dermal corrosion.

1-Hour Exposure Period:
No evidence of skin irritation was noted.

3-Minute Exposure Period:
No evidence of skin irritation was noted.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

Category 1C (corrosive) based on GHS criteria

Conclusions:

Guanidine Thiocyanate has to be classified as skin corrosive category 1C based on the severe reactions observed in this OECD 404 guideline study.

Executive summary:

In a primary dermal irritation study according to OECD guideline 404, the single 4-hour, semi-occlusive exposure of Guanidine Thiocyanate to the intact skin of one rabbit produced moderate to severe erythema and moderate oedema. Haemorrhage of the dermal capillaries, blanching of the skin, loss of skin elasticity and flexibility, a hardened dark brown/black-coloured scab, a sunken, hardened, dark brown/black coloured scab resembling a crater, scab lifting to reveal further deep scabbing, scar tissue and well-defined erythema surrounding other skin reactions.

The reactions noted at the 48-hour and subsequent observations precluded the evaluation of erythema and oedema.

The reactions noted were indicative of dermal corrosion.

 

After single 1-hour or 3-minute exposure of Guanidine Thiocyanate to the intact skin of one rabbit under semi-occlusive conditions there was no evidence of skin irritation.

 

According to CLP, EU GHS (Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008), Guanidine Thiocyanate has to be classified as corrosive Cat. 1C and labeling with H 314 is required.