Acrylamide

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1982

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Well documented report of a guideline study conducted to GLP.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1982

Report date:

1982

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms (C. E. Stephan, Chairman). 1975. Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates and Amphibians. Environmental Protection Agency, Ecological Research Series EPA-660/3-75-009, April, 1975. 61 p.

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Acrylamide

EC Number:

201-173-7

EC Name:

Acrylamide

Cas Number:

79-06-1

Molecular formula:

C3H5NO

IUPAC Name:

prop-2-enamide

Details on test material:

- Name of test material: acrylamide monomer
- Substance type: organic
- Physical state: white crystalline solid
- Analytical purity: >99% ultra-pure electrophoresis grade
- Lot/batch No.: Lot #F23235
- Stability under test conditions: stable
- Storage condition of test material: dry atmosphere
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: no data

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

Distilled water

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Source: in-house daphnid culture which has been maintained by ABC for 5 years. The primary culture was obtained from the Columbia National Fisheries Research Laboratory (CN) , Columbia, Missouri, in 1977. acquired their culture from the U.S. F.W.S. Fish Control Laboratory, LaCrosse, Wisconsin, in 1960 and they obtained their culture from Pennsylvania State University in 1954.
- Age at study initiation : <24 hours
- Feeding during test: no
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period:
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): 20±2°C, lighting was 50-70 footcandles on a 16-hour daylight photoperiod
- Type and amount of food: suspension of algae (Selenastrum capricornutum) supplemented with standard PR-11 mix
- Feeding frequency: not data given
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): no data given

Study design

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

Hardness (CaCO3) = 255 ppm

Test temperature:

20±2°C

pH:

7.8

Dissolved oxygen:

9.2 ppm

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentrations : 15, 30, 60, 120 and 250 mg/l.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type: open
- Material: 1-liter test chambers
- Aeration: no
- Type of flow-through: proportional diluter
- Renewal rate of test solution: 125 ml/ aquarium every 50 minutes to replace the 1 liter test volume 4 times in a 24-hour period
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 6 sets of four replicates
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source of dilution water: well water
- Metals: Aluminum < 0.007 ppm; Cadmium<0.001 ppm; Chromium <0.002 ppm; Arsenic<0.001 ppm; Cobalt<0.002 ppm; Copper<0.002 ppm; Iron<0.004 ppm; Lead<0.02 ppm; Mercury<0.000I ppm; Nickel<0.004 ppm; Silver<0.002 ppm; Zinc<0.001 ppm
- Pesticides: Malathion, Et Parathion, Disyston, Me Parathion, and biazinon <0.1 ppb each
- Alkalinity CaCO3: 368 ppm
- Hardness CaCO3: 255 ppm
- Conductivity: 50 µmhos/cm
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Water quality parameters of temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH were measured at 0 and 48 hours of the test
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16-hour daylight photoperiod
- Light intensity: 50-70 footcandles
TEST CONCENTRATIONS: 15 mg/l, 30 mg/l, 60 mg/l, 120mg/l and 250 mg/l.
GLC analysis of acrylamide was accomplished using a Tracor 560 gas chromatograph equipped with a Tracor Model 702 N-P Detector (thermionic specific detector) optimized for nitrogen selectivity, an autos ampler and a Hewlett-Packard Model 3390 recording integrator.

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

60 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

behaviour

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

98 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Any other information on results incl. tables

Estimated LC50 values with 95% confidence limits for the 48-hour Daphnia magna toxicity study with acrylamide monomer

	Acrylamide Monomer (mg/l)
Hours of   Exposure	LC50	95% Confidence Interval
19	> 270
24	230
42	170	110-270
48	160	110-270

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Taking all behavioural responses into account, a 48-hour EC50 was calculated to be 98 mg/l. In addition, the results indicated a 48-hour No-Observed-Effect-Concentration (NOEC) of 60 mg/l, based on both mortality and behavioural effects.